Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.AGUAS SERVIDAS

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    Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado y planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Quiambe, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Torres Paredes, Kevin Fernando; Cañizares Proaño, Byron Genaro
    Currently, developing areas in Ecuador lack sewerage, as only 50.7 percent of Municipal GADs have this service, and this is even more noticeable in rural communities, such as Quiambe, which do not have basic sanitation infrastructure. Therefore, the objective of this technical project is to carry out the design of sanitary sewerage for the area, also including the design of a treatment plant, which guarantees the correct management and disposal of treated water, thus improving the quality of life of its inhabitants and the environmental surroundings. To carry out this objective, first the topographic survey was carried out using an RTK, then the characteristics of the area were obtained through surveys of the population, and the water supply of the sector was also determined by taking readings from 10 homes in the area. Then, the sewerage system design was carried out based on the Bolivian standard NB 688 and the treatment plant using the guidelines for the design of septic tanks, IMHOFF and stabilization ponds, design of municipal wastewater treatment plants: up flow anaerobic filters and the INEN 005-9-1 standard, and as a last point a budget was made that this project will have with its respective items, technical specifications and a schedule of activities to be carried out. Finally, it was found that the sanitary sewer system consists of a network of 3093.73m, 62 wells, 62 pipes that vary from 200 mm in diameter, while for the treatment of wastewater it has a pretreatment, primary and secondary treatment and sludge drying, complying with the established parameters, it should be noted that the cost of the project has a value of 346,798.57 dollars and has a term of 6 months.
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    Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario, pluvial y planta de tratamiento de aguas servidas y aguas lluvia de los sectores Yanahurco y Tres Juanes del cantón Cevallos de la provincia de Tungurahua para mejorar la calidad de vida de sus habitantes
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-01) Ruiz Pérez, Kevin Adrian; Yansapanta Crespo, Kevin Damian
    This project is carried out taking into account that the inhabitants of the community of Yanahurco and Los 3 Juanes have an old sewage disposal system, with septic tanks and cisterns that have reached the end of their useful life. In order to design the systems, the project was divided into four phases of operation, the first of which was to obtain the data necessary to calculate the design parameters, so a topographic survey of the study area was carried out; in the second phase, the design of the sanitary and storm sewerage networks was carried out, taking into account the materials to be used and the design parameters, applying current EMAAPQ and SENAGUA standards; In the third phase, the evaluation and improvement of the treatment plant (WWTP) was carried out using flow measurements, collecting data from each unit and verifying its operation; in the fourth phase, with all the data obtained, the plans, details, budget and specifications of the designs were drawn up. Finally, a sanitary sewerage network of 2640 meters and a storm sewerage network of 3187.21 meters are obtained, within the improvement of the WWTP are: distribution tank and screen, septic tank, sludge drying bed and an anaerobic filter, thus completing a total of 26 detail drawings of all the systems.
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    Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario, planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales, simulación y planificación constructiva, de la planta de tratamiento mediante el uso de softwares, para los habitantes de la Parroquia Presidente Urbina, cantón Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Olmedo Mayorga, Elder Atheller; Cañizares Proaño, Byron Genaro
    The project involves the designs of the sewage system and WTP, in order to improve the quality of life of the community of the Presidente Urbina parish, in the Píllaro canton, due to the fact that at the moment not all the inhabitants of the same have good sewage service for wastewater and reduce the environmental damage that is being caused to the study area and its inhabitants. For the design of this project, the use of existing regulations in our country was applied, first a study of the sector was carried out, then the topographical survey was carried out and the design, dimensioning and structural calculation of each one of the elements that constitute the WTP in each of its stages during the treatment of wastewater, using software to facilitate the same that will be designed to transport wastewater from the entire sector, by means of gravitational force through PVC pipe and complementary works until evacuating them in a WTP , thus allowing these waters to be treated and discharged into a natural tributary, mitigating the environmental impact that could be caused. And as a complement to this project, the application of the BIM Methodology (Building Information Modeling) was developed in the construction process and simulation of the WTP, allowing ease and control of the construction process.
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    Estudios y diseños definitivos del alcantarillado sanitario y pluvial del barrio Santa Cruz, parroquia Mercedes Molina, cantón Gualaquiza
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-07) Cayo Hurtado, Alex Paul; Castro Solorzano, Fidel Alberto
    This technical research work has the support and interest of the Decentralized Autonomous Government of Canton Gualaquiza, who has provided the necessary resources for its execution. The objective of the project is to provide sanitary sewage and storm sewage services, since they allow for the proper evacuation of water and therefore maintain a healthy population, a fundamental basis for the development of the inhabitants. The topographic survey determined that most of the area to be evaluated has a flat surface, taking into account technical, financial and social aspects, which allowed us to select the appropriate systems for the project, thus establishing a design of sanitary and storm sewers by gravity along the entire route for wastewater discharges to the existing treatment plant and for stormwater directly to the natural course of the river. Effluents will be conveyed by means of PVC piping, complementary works such as inspection wells and domestic boxes, among others. In addition, the respective hydraulic designs were prepared to obtain an optimum design, reference budget, plans, and technical specifications, taking into account INEN, EXIEOS, and current specifications.
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    Diseño del colector principal en la parte sur y tratamiento de aguas servidas en la ciudad de El Chaco, cantón El Chaco, provincia de Napo, que permita disminuir el índice de los desechos líquidos en el Río Quijos
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ciencias de la Ingeniería y Gestión Ambiental, 2009) Santana Cruz, Sergio Ricardo; Jaramillo Garcés, Alfredo Vinicio
    La creciente importancia que tiene la conservación de los recursos naturales ha despertado en el hombre, la búsqueda de métodos para cuidarlos y recuperarlos, para que puedan ser aprovechados por seres vivos; de aquí que uno de los recursos de vital importancia para el hombre, como lo es el agua, sea objeto de estudio. Las aguas residuales son aquellas fuentes provenientes de procesos post – industriales; es decir, aquellas aguas que han sido utilizadas en diferentes sistemas de fabricación, producción o manejo industrial y que para ser desechadas necesitan ser tratadas previamente, de manera tal que puedan ser adecuadas para su ubicación en las respectivas redes de vertido, depuradoras o sistemas naturales, tales como lagos, ríos, embalses, etc. Las impurezas se encuentran en el agua como materia en suspensión, como material coloidal, o como materia en solución; mientras que la materia en suspensión siempre se separa por medio mecánico, con intervención o no de la gravedad, la ,materia coloidal requiere un tratamiento fisicoquímico preliminar y la materia en solución puede tratarse en el propio estado molecular o iónico o precipitarse y separarse utilizando procesos semejantes a los empleados para la separación de los sólidos inicialmente en suspensión. A esto es lo que se denomina tratamiento de las aguas. Cuando se habla de la aplicación de procesos biológicos, se hace referencia casi exclusiva a los tratamientos de aguas residuales, donde se busca como objetivo principal eliminar los componentes definidos como contaminantes, molestos o con efectos nocivos para el medio ambiente, de manera tal que se pueda ajustar, el agua residual a la calidad de agua vertida a las especificaciones legales existentes. De esta manera, la mejor forma de tratar las aguas residuales dependerá de una serie de factores característicos; tales, como: el caudal, la composición, las concentraciones, la calidad requerida o esperada del efluente, las posibilidades de reutilización de la misma, las posibilidades de vertido a depuradoras, tasas de vertido, etc. Agua residual es la mezcla de residuos líquidos y sólidos de los hogares, centros comerciales, instalaciones industriales e instituciones públicas, junto con cualquier agua que pueda penetrar en el sistema de alcantarillado, ya sea proveniente de infiltraciones del subsuelo, agua de escorrentía o procedente de la red de aguas pluviales. Se emplean procesos físicos para eliminar los sólidos en suspensión. Los tamices eliminan los desechos sólidos y otros sólidos de gran tamaño, mientras que rejillas aireadas o por gravedad retiran la materia arenosa; cualquiera de las anteriores puede atascar o interferir con operaciones posteriores de bombeo o algunas operaciones unitarias. La materia orgánica disuelta se trata generalmente mediante procesos biológicos. Los lodos especialmente los procedentes del tratamiento biológico, requieren un manejo especial.