Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Análisis experimental de la capacidad filtrante de drenaje de los agregados pétreos provenientes de la Mina Mora, ubicada en la provincia de Tungurahua cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Galarza Chicaiza, Ludvin Daniel; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaThe study focuses on determining the permeability of course and fine aggregates, evaluating their potential use for applications in drainage systems. The permeability coefficient of the "Mina Mora" quarry was determined. Three phases were developed to help achieve the main objective of the project. The first phase, called exploratory, consisted of a visit to the quarry to collect essential information such as the georeferencing of the quarry and the obtaining of representative soil samples. In the second phase, the extracted soil was characterized using specific tests: natural moisture content, Atterberg limits, and granulometry. The soil was characterized according to the SUCS classification as a poorly graded sand (SP) and poorly graded sand with the presence of silt (SP-SM), presenting a low moisture content with an average of the samples of 1.98 percent and being a soil with zero plasticity in its majority. Finally, in the third phase, the experimental phase, the aim was to determine the permeability value of each of the samples, dividing them into coarse aggregate, sand, and silt. To find its permeability value, the constant load permeability test was chosen, using the Edibon brand Drainage Permeameter equipment. This equipment allowed us to obtain the permeability coefficient k (cm/s). As a result, it was obtained that the aggregates from the Mina Mora quarry are suitable for use in drainage works.Item Análisis experimental de la capacidad filtrante de drenaje de agregados pétreos provenientes de la cantera Playa Llagchoa y/o salvador, ubicada en el km7 vía a Aguaján, parroquia Santa Rosa, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Andrade Álvarez, Karen Paola; Paredes Beltrán, Bolívar EduardoIn the field of civil engineering, the filtering capacity of stone materials is of vital importance for the design and construction of efficient drainage works. The experimental work focused on investigating the permeability of the aggregates from the Llagchoa/Salvador Beach Quarry, located in the Tungurahua province. A survey of documentary information on the quarry was carried out and representative samples were collected for laboratory tests. Different tests were carried out to evaluate the physical properties, such as moisture content, Atterberg limits and granulometric analysis. Subsequently, by using a drainage permeameter with the constant head method, the permeability coefficient of each type of soil (gravel, sand, and silt) was obtained. The results indicated that the aggregates had a medium to high filtration capacity, with silt having the lowest permeability. Finally, the optimal drainage combination was sought, to estimate the filtration capacity of the soil, resulting in the most appropriate with a permeability coefficient of 4.06x10 raised to at least 2 (m/s) being the same permeable which makes it suitable for use in civil engineering projects related to drainage. This study provides valuable information for the design and construction of effective drainage systems, thus contributing to the development of more resistant and sustainable infrastructures, being useful for professionals in the field of engineering and for those interested in improving water management in civil works.Item Análisis experimental de la capacidad filtrante de drenaje de los agregados pétreos provenientes de la mina Los Moelles ubicada en la parroquia San Andrés, cantón Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Hernández Carvajal, Vanessa Nathaly; Paredes Beltrán, Bolívar EduardoDue to the diversity of voids, sizes and shapes, as well as the complex distribution of the soil, the flow of water through its mass is more complicated than through a tube or hole. To facilitate drainage, it is preferable to have a permeable soil. This study determined the physical properties of the soil, such as: Moisture Content, Atterberg Limits, and Granulometry. Using the AASHTO method, the soil is classified as Gravels and Silty or Clay Sands A-2-4 (0), while, by the SUCS method, soil samples 1, 3, and 4 are classified as poorly graded sand with silt with SP-SM gravel, sample 2 as poorly graded sand SP, and sample 5 as Poorly graded sand with SP-SM silt. For this purpose, a constant head drainage permeameter was used to determine the coefficient of permeability of the gravel, sand and silt of each sample. The results obtained indicate that the coarse aggregate has a high degree of permeability; the fine aggregate, a degree of medium permeability; and silt, a low degree of permeability. Finally, different combinations with different percentages of aggregates were carried out, concluding that the most efficient mixture contains coarse gravel, sand and fine gravel, with a medium degree of permeability, being within the range of permeable soils as established by the FAO.Item Diseño geométrico y del pavimento de la vía Silipo – Pinllopata en el tramo km 12+000 – 16+000, perteneciente al cantón Pangua de la provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-03) Andrade Barrionuevo, Danny Efraín; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam MarisolThe present project was carried out in the Pangua canton of the Cotopaxi Province and its purpose is to design an alternative road that connects Silipo-Pinllopata, in addition to the design of the pavement, in order to improve economic, cultural, tourist and social development. of the canton. For the study of the TPDA, a manual count of 7 days was chosen, for 12 hours from 2 to 8 december, 2019. For the geometric design of the road, it was carried out under the norm of MOP-2002 (Ministerio de Obras Pública) and MTOP-2003 (Ministerio de Transporte y Obras Públicas), where the horizontal, vertical and transversal design are suitable for the conditions of the terrain, speeds and restrictions limited in the MTOP-2003 regulation. 9 soil samples necessary to carry out laboratory tests were extracted which are: Granulometry, Atterberg Limits (liquid limit, plastic limit and plastic index), Modified Proctor and California Bearing Ratio (CBR). Through the AASTHO-93 regulation, it was possible to calculate and know the optimal asphalt layer thicknesses for the volume of traffic proposed for a design period of 20 years. Through the designs it was possible to quantify the cut volume, in addition to its total length, therefore, the referential budget was calculated.Item Implementación del proceso de conservación de la estructura de la capa de rodadura de la vía Patate - Píllaro en el tramo km 3+800 al km 7+600 de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2020) Segovia Tipantasig, Jaime Eduardo; Bayas Altamirano, Myriam MarisolIn the study of the current TPDA of the road is 1240 vehicles / day, obtaining as a result according to the classification of the MTOP 2003 is considered a Class II road. The PCI method allowed us to obtain a value of 70.67 with a rating of good, which indicates that the surface state of the road is in good condition for vehicular traffic in the analyzed section From the deflectometric test of the Benkelman beam, it was determined that the type of deflection corresponds to a Type III, because the characteristic deflection is less than the admissible deflection When comparing the results of the methods used PCI and Beam Benkelman, it was determined that the road should be intervened with a reinforcement in the pavement structure as indicated in the maintenance plan.Item Modelación hidráulica para la determinación de la eficiencia de los sumideros de aguas lluvia(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2018) Núñez Acosta, Ivonne Alexandra; Sánchez Tenesaca, Estefania Jacqueline; Maldonado Narvaez, Lenín RafaelThe need to find an optimal way to locate the sinks on urban roads. When observing that several roads in the center of our city collapse with a minimum amount of rainwater, taking into account that water is very erosive for roads when it is in a stagnant state when they do not have good drainage, it also affects the free movement of vehicles and pedestrians; These parameters have been a motivation to carry out the present investigation. It is also necessary to mention that the MTOP does not have a fixed standard to locate the sinks. A hydraulic model was made at a scale of 1: 4 simulating a half way, made of wood duly covered with anticorrosive paint which is adapted to a water recirculation system; this prototype is supplied by means of a hydraulic channel. On the right central bank of the road, the different T45 grids were located, assuming several scenarios with the same in total, 5 placing the grids in different positions and varying the number of them creating different scenarios. We worked with flows in the model (real scale) of 20.74,48.17,79.11 and 111.65 liters per second and with flows in the prototype (scale 1: 4) of 0.5, 1.5.2.5 and 3.5 liters per second. The longitudinal slopes were varied using values of 0.5%, 4%, 8% and 12% and transversal or pumping of the road with 2% and 4%. The volumetric method was used to calculate the output flow captured in the sump. 8 combinations were made for each scenario varying the slopes and the flow; obtaining uptake efficiencies between 10 and maximum of 90 percent. With the data obtained, a program was carried out to calculate the efficiency and the flow captured in the drains for different topographic and hydrological scenarios.Item Mejoramiento de la vía Cotundo-Comunidad 5 de Octubre de la parroquia Cotundo, cantón Archidona, provincia de Napo, con la implementación de sistemas alternativos de drenaje(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) Guerrero Mangui, Pablo Hernán; Moya Medina, Dilon GermánThe present technical research project has a proposal to carry out the road study, proposing an improvement to existing geometry by adding drainage systems. From the data obtained during the topographic survey, the improvement of the geometric design was made, establishing suitable parameters such as design speed, radius of curvatures, slopes, peraltes, etc. By means of the study of soils it was possible to verify that the soil is of silty clay type with high moisture content and a CBR of 3.95%, reason why it was proceeded to make the improvement of the subgrade with granular material of the mine May 20 located 2 km from the site of road implantation, the relevant tests were carried out as a result of a CBR value of 9%, which will provide greater soil resistance and logically a reduction in the thickness of the upper layers. As an alternative drainage system, drainage ditches, a drainage mantle with a fishbone, and the placement of geotextiles were proposed in order to provide greater stability and durability of the road construction, ensuring that the population can make use of it without any inconvenience.Item Estudio geométrico del camino vecinal hacia la pre-asociación 12 de Mayo (Triunfo), cantón Arajuno, provincia de Pastaza(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) López Criollo, Romel Damian; Pérez Maldonado, Ruth LorenaThis project aims the geometric study of the dirt road towards the pre-asociacion may 12 (triumph), canton Arajuno, province of Pastaza, reason for developing economic, agricultural, livestock and tourism partner of the inhabitants, facilitating mobility of people and products that are grown in the area. To proceed with the design of the project took into account all standards and specifications in force, necessary, as the standard of the Ministry of transport and public works (MOP 2003), NEVI'IM 2012, and international as the 93 AASHTO (American Association of State Highway and Transportation Official.), a specialized software (CivilCad) Additionally hired to perform the geometric design of the route. The project was carried out various activities as: topographical, horizontal and vertical design, annual (TPDA) daily average traffic, drainage design and study of soils, tests of compaction, CBR, structure design of pavement and referential budget among others. The project has the support of the Government autonomous decentralized Provincial of Pastaza, Department of road studies and the Technical University of Ambato.Item Estudio y diseño geométrico de la vía que une las comunidades Miñarica Bajo y Carmelitas, perteneciente a la parroquia Santa Rosa cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua y estabilización de taludes por medio de geotextiles(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2016) Valenzuela Romero, Ana Gabriela; Acosta Lozada, Rodrigo IvánThis technical project was carried out in order to establish an appropriate geometric design for the road connecting the communities Miñarica Bajo with Carmelitas improving the traffic flow. For the geometric design of the project “Normas de Diseño Geométrico de Carreteras MOP-2003" they were used and to establish the pavement structure the AASHTO-93 method was used. To develop the project initially a topographical survey, traffic study and testing of soil samples collected from test pits to determine soil characteristics, mainly the CBR was made. Then the horizontal, vertical and transverse road design according to the rules was made; then the design of the pavement structure and drainage system. As for slope stability, the limit equilibrium analysis was used, using one of the methods “Tablas de Janbú” to determine the safety factor of the slope analyzed. In addition the unit price analysis, environmental measures, budget, schedule work valued and technical specifications was made; and finally the conclusions and recommendations of the project.Item Mejoramiento de la vía entre los sectores de Atahualpa y Payatambo Totora, en el km 45 vía Ambato – Guaranda, en la parroquia Pilahuín, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2016) Hernández Luna, Víctor Javier; Almeida Lema, Vinicio Fabián