Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.FIBRA DE ALGODÓN

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    Estudio del proceso de corte láser de CO2 del material compuesto de matriz polimérica reforzada con fibra de abacá
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2019) Riera Riera, Marilyn Johaira; Pérez Salinas, Cristian Fabián
    In the present experimental work the process of Laser Cutting by CO2 was carried out, in which two sheets of composite materials were made as: (polyester resin combined with abaca fiber) and (epoxy resin combined with abaca fiber), which they were subjected to cuts; therefore, an analysis process based on the surface response method was proposed, in which the cutting parameters intervened, such as: power, speed and resin with their different levels; generating a total of 26 combinations with their replicas and obtaining a total of 52. Once the cuts were made, the surface quality of the material was evaluated by means of the surface roughness (Ra), for which a Mitutoyo SJ-210 rugosimeter was used, achieving thus to determine the minimum surface roughness of the material of 3.4833 μm, fulfilling like this with the established in ISO Standard 1302; the critical temperature (T) of the cut was also determined through calculations and temperature measurements of the surface were taken while it was cutting with the pyrometer, and getting a lower critical temperature which undoubtedly decreases the amount of material burned. A complementary test was carried out in which the flammability index of the composite materials was obtained, the process to perform these essays is detailed in the ISO 3795 standard; the combustion index was calculated obtaining 15.9 and 19.9 mm / min respectively, fulfilling like this with the requirements of the standards, since they do not exceed the maximum combustion index of 100 mm / min and 250 mm / min established in the standards NTE INEN 1668 and NTE INEN 1323 respectively.
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    Caracterización mecánica del material compuesto de matriz epoxi reforzada con fibra vegetal (algodón) y fibra natural de STIPA ICHU (pasto de páramo) con secado natural y precocido para determinar propiedades mecánicas en la fabricación de elementos livianos de alta resistencia.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Iza Tutillo, Gabriela Anabel; Paredes Salinas, Juan Gilberto
    The present experimental work of mechanical characterization of a new composite material of epoxy matrix and fabric of Stipa Ichu + Cotton, with several parameters like the type of obtaining or drying of Stipa Ichu natural fiber (natural, precooked and natural drying with cleaning of NaOH) , Different volumetric fractions and variable reinforcement orientation, the study of this composite material has been proposed because we are located in an industrialized sector and are currently replacing the classical materials with polymer composites. The composite material is made to compression with two volumetric fractions 30% reinforcement-70% matrix and 45% reinforcement and 55% matrix, reinforcement orientations. The specimens were made in a steel mold and compressed, using mold release additives. Tensile, flexural and impact tests are performed based on ASTM D3039, ASTM D 7264, and ASTM D 5628 impact respectively. The data tabulated after the tests on the tensile, flexural and impact specimens are evaluated considering average values and standard deviation, determining the composite of best configuration to the composite case with a volumetric fraction of 70% matrix-30% reinforcement (tissue Of Stipa Ichu + cotton), with precooked fiber (stipa ichu) drying, cured for 23 days, with two layers of reinforcement, reinforcement orientation layer 1: 90°; Layer 2: 90°.