Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Resistencia a la compresión del hormigón simple fabricado con agregado fino proveniente de hormigones reciclados(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Salinas Freire, Bryan Paúl; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaThe integration of recycled materials in the manufacture of concrete is presented as a viable alternative to mitigate the environmental impact of the construction industry. In this study, we seek to determine the optimal percentage of substitution of recycled fine aggregate in concrete in place of natural fine aggregate, focus ing on evaluating its impact on compressive strength. The recycled material was obtained from a crushing process of laboratory specimens, sidewalk debris and curbs; both recycled aggregate and natural aggregates were subjected to analysis according to INEN standards, then the design of concrete dosages of 210 kg/cm2 and 240 kg/cm2 was carried out using the Optimal Density Method developed by the Central University of Ecuador. Subsequently, reference specimens were prepared using natural materials to compare their resistance with specimens in which the natural fine aggregate was replaced by recycled fine aggregate in percentages of 10, 15, 30, 30, 60 and 100 percent. The results show that there is a decrease in the compressive strength as the percentage of recycled fine aggregate increases. However, it is observed that replacement percentages of 10 to 30 percent can provide acceptable compressive strengths. This highli ghts the potential of recycled materials for concrete manufacturing as a promising solution to reduce environmental impact, provided that their limitations are considered.Item Influencia del fuego en la resistencia a compresión del hormigón elaborado a partir de material reciclado(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Quishpe Toapanta, Byron Javier; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaBecause concrete is a material widely used in construction characterized by its high compressive strength, factors such as fire could cause problems in its internal and external functionality. That said, the objective of this research is to analyze the behavior that concrete with recycled aggregate will have, coming from residual concrete, whose purpose is to obtain experimental results that demonstrate how fire affects its compressive strength. For this experimental investigation, the optimal density method will be used to design the dosage with a resistance of 240 kg/cm2, within which 45 cylindrical test tubes were made, distributed 15 each with replacements of 0, 15 and 30 percent of natural aggregate by recycled aggregate. The specimens, after being cured at 28 days of age, were subjected to direct fire by means of a smelting furnace. With the help of a pyrometer, the temperatures that were exposed were controlled, which range from 0, 250, 400, 600 to 800 degrees Celsius during a determined period of time. For each temperature, 3 cylindrical concrete samples will be tested. Once exposed to the fire, they were cooled for 24 hours, to later be tested for compression. From the results obtained, it is shown that the compressive strength decreases as a function of each increase in temperature, looking unfavorable to those specimens that were replaced with 30 percent RA, in addition to this, various pathologies such as cracks, fissures, color changes and the phenomenon of chipping or spalling occurred.Item Evaluación del comportamiento a flexión de vigas de hormigón simple, preparado a partir de materiales reciclados(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Sánchez Freire, Joseph Henry; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaConcrete is a material in high demand in construction, due to its excellent compressive strength and easy workability it is used on a large scale nationally and internationally and concrete rubble is produced which many times is not reused and Its main destination is a dump or ravines, which causes environmental damage. The main objective of this research is to analyze the flexural behavior of beams made from recycled concrete and to carry out an adequate dosage, previous laboratory tests such as granulometry, densities and moisture content have been carried out. A total of 36 beams have been made with different dosages of 10, 15, 30, 60 and 100 percent with a resistance of 240 kg/cm2 to obtain experimental results and compare them with base beams made from coarse natural aggregate, the beams After being cured at 7 and 28 days of age, they were flexurally tested and the loads (KN), modulus of rupture (MPa) and deflections (mm) presented by each of the beams were recorded. From the results obtained, the flexural resistance of each of the beams varies according to the percentage of aggregates that constitute them, showing that the modulus of rupture at 28 days of age, the VF_30 and VF_100 beams support greater flexural loads by 5.09 and 1.77 percent compared to base concrete VF_0 beams without recycled aggregate.Item Análisis del módulo de elasticidad estático en base a la resistencia a la compresión del hormigón fabricado con agregado grueso de materiales reciclados obtenidos de las escombreras y su comparación con hormigones preparados en condiciones normales(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-07) Villacrés Tirado, Vladimir Jonathan; Navarro Peñaherrera, Carlos PatricioDue to the need to know the properties of the concrete, specifically the static modulus of elasticity elaborated with recycled concrete coarse aggregate, based on the compressive strength, the obtaining of a formula for its calculation, and its comparison with one made with coarse aggregates under normal conditions, the following analysis is carried out. For this purpose, tests were carried out to obtain the characteristics and mechanical properties of the aggregates from recycled concrete from the "Acosta" mine. Once the necessary data were obtained by means of the optimum density method, the mixture was designed to meet the specified strengths of 21 Mpa and 28 Mpa at the age of 28 days, then concrete specimens were made in cylinders of 10 cm diameter x 20 cm high using Holcim GU type hydraulic cement, without additives. Triaxial simple compression tests were carried out at 28 days after the concrete had set and, in accordance with ASTM C469, the static modulus of elasticity corresponding to each specimen was obtained. They were compared with the modulus of elasticity calculated with the equation established by ACI 318. Finally, practical equations are proposed that allow the calculation of the static modulus of elasticity of concrete, as a function of strength, for concrete made with coarse aggregates from recycled concrete.Item Resistencia a compresión del hormigón preparado a partir de materiales reciclados(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Mayorga Amaguaya, Larot David; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaThe present investigation seeks to solve the great problem of contamination generated by waste from the construction sector with reference to demolitions and debris generated in cities, applying the reuse of these same materials to reduce the volume towards dumps, which direct sustainable constructions. The percentage of recycled concrete aggregate that can be partially replaced by coarse natural aggregate and its influence on compressive strength was determined. For this, recycled concrete from tested cylinders, sidewalk residues, among others, was collected; the properties of the aggregates were obtained according to the INEN and ASTM standards; Subsequently, the dosage was carried out by the Optimum Density Method for a resistance of 210 kilograms per square centimeter with the replacement of percentages of recycled aggregate from 10, 15, 30, 60 and 100 percent according to the weight of the coarse aggregate, and at its At the same time, concrete specimens prepared in the traditional way were made for the comparison of their resistance. In this way, it was identified that the greater the amount of recycled aggregate, its compressive strength decreases, evidencing that it is feasible to make replacements with percentages lower than 30 percent, since both 10 and 15 percent present favorable design values such as 214.54 and 211.57 kilograms. per square centimeter at 28 days.