Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Determinación de zonas urbanas de riesgo a inundaciones empleando modelos hidrológicos e hidráulicos en la quebrada Miraflores, cantón Guano, provincia de Chimborazo”.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Hidráulica con mención en obras Hidráulicas, 2025) Gallardo Donoso. Lidia Jhoanna; Castro Solorzano Fidel AlbertoThe present research addresses the identification of urban areas at risk of flooding in the Miraflores stream, Guano canton, Chimborazo province, using hydrological and hydraulic models. This region has experienced extreme rainfall events, such as the disaster on December 11, 2021, highlighting the need for preventive measures to mitigate future risks. The study follows a mixed approach, with a predominance of quantitative methods, and employs tools such as HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS to model flood scenarios. xviii Additionally, Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and specialized software are integrated for geomorphological analysis and basin delineation. Meteorological data were collected from nearby stations (San Juan, Urbina, ESPOCH, and Guaslán), supplemented by data from the Guano station and satellite sources like NASA POWER. These data were processed and statistically validated using tests such as Kolmogórov-Smirnov. Subsequently, design flows for return periods of up to 50 years were estimated, and two-dimensional hydraulic simulations were performed. The results reveal that the basin's topography and deforestation in high areas exacerbate runoff, increasing flood risks in lower areas. The risk maps produced identify critical areas susceptible to flooding, and mitigation strategies are proposed, including reforestation and infrastructure improvement. This research significantly contributes to the analysis of flood risks in Guano, providing technical tools for water resource planning and management. Moreover, it establishes a robust methodological basis for future studies in similar basins, emphasizing the importance of integrating modern technologies and advanced modeling to reduce the impact of natural disasters.Item Análisis comparativo de la evolución del desgaste de las herramientas de corte en procesos de fresado del acero AISI 304 lubricados mediante inundación y nanocriomecanizado(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2024-02) González Jiménez, Juan José; Núñez Núñez, Diego FernandoDue to the environmental and operator health problems caused by water emulsion coolants in the machining area, combined with the low useful life of cutting tools in milling processes, it has become necessary to study new environmentally friendly alternatives. The present research focuses on the study of the effect of a hybrid lubrication method, which involves the use of the MQL (Minimum Quantity Lubricant) technique with the addition of nanoparticles in combination with a cryogenic fluid, on the flank wear of cutting tools in face milling processes of AISI 304 stainless steel. The experiments were carried out using a semi-finishing process on a CNC milling machine; carbide cutting inserts with PVD-TiAlN coating were used; the MQL system worked with biodegradable oil Unist Coolube 2210XP with Titanium Oxide nanoparticles prepared at 0.5 weight percent and the cryogenic system with Carbon Dioxide in liquid and gas phase. The machining parameters were: cutting speed of 190 and 270 m/min, feed rate of 0.1 mm/tooth, axial depth of 0.3 mm. The measurements were performed through a scanning electron microscope and evaluated using the ISO 8688-1: 1989 standard under normal wear criteria. The results obtained in this experimental work indicate an increase in cutting tool life for the speed of 190 m/min and 270 m/min by 85.35 and 230.60 percent respectively.Item Caracterización del comportamiento hidráulico del Río Ambato en el tramo comprendido entre el sector de Tilulún y el sector de las Viñas, km 16+00 al 20+00 mediante un modelo matemático”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-02) Riofrío Donoso, Jenny Paulette; Maldonado Narváez, Lenin RafaelThe present project is focused on determining possible flood zones near the Ambato River, by means of a mathematical modeling in the HEC-RAS program, considering some parameters such as the Manning coefficient, the slope of the land, among others. The study includes 5 sections from the sector of Tilulún to the sector of Las Viñas, with 20 kilometers in total. Specifically, this document will analyze the last section, that is to say from km 16+00 km to 20+00 km, where by means of orthophotos arranged by the Honorable Provincial Government of Tungurahua the topography of the place was obtained, which in turn allowed access to the current geometry of the River. The simulation in the HEC-RAS program was made with a base flow of 5 m3/s to calibrate the model, later with the calculation made by means of the hydrometric data the period of return of 122 years was entered to the software with the flow of 114.14 cubic meters per second, the last mentioned being used for the observation of zones of consideration for flooding. The importance of the project is to provide citizens, especially the relevant authorities and municipal or governmental entities, with flood maps, with which to take action to lighten or reduce the magnitude of the possible consequences, both for the habitants living on the banks of the river, the surrounding crops, as well as the nearby infrastructure.Item Caracterización del comportamiento hidráulico del Río Ambato en el tramo comprendido entre el sector de Tilulún y el sector de las Viñas desde el KM 0+00 al 4+00 mediante un modelo matemático(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-01) Barrera Rodríguez, Danilo Rubén; Maldonado Narváez, Lenin RafaelThis investigation is part of a macro project to know the hydraulic characteristics of 20 kilometers of the Ambato River. The first 4 kilometers from the Tilulun drinking water treatment plant were analyzed. Topographic data was obtained from the Honorable Provincial Government of Tungurahua to generate the geometry, cross sections and terrain characteristics in the ArcGIS program. The flows were provided by the Tilulun station over 17 years. In these data, the Chauvenet Criterion was applied to have the uniform sample, as well as the Gumbel Method obtaining the flow of 123,185 cubic meters per second and a return period of 261.20 years. The model was calibrated in the HecRAS Software with a base flow of 5 cubic meters per second, to delimit the natural riverbed. Manning's coefficients were entered to indicate the roughness. With all of this, we seek to know the velocities, cutting effort, and areas of flooding that will be reached when there is a rise in the flow and the damage that it will produce, and to propose places for the creation of structures that will diminish the damage that can be produced along the Ambato River.Item Caracterización del comportamiento hidráulico del Rio Ambato el tramo comprendido entre el sector de Tilulún y el sector de las Viñas desde el Km 12+00 AL Km 16+00 utilizando un modelo matemático(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-01) León Cepeda, José Estuardo; Paredes Cabezas, Geovanny AnibalThe present experimental work is focused on the hydraulic analysis of the Ambato river from the Tilulún sector to Viñas sector with a total of 20 kilometers of which from kilometer 12 to kilometer 16 belong to the development of the project. The objective is to process information from the hydrometeorological stations and the geography of the site, in order to analyze hydraulic behavior for possible extraordinary floods of the Ambato river under various scenarios with different return periods with their respective flows as a protective measure to identify which would be the affected sectors. The methodology starts with the processing of stations records so that the data is filtered under Chauvenet’s criteria, a maximum return period is defined based on the structures in the section, on the other hand, the data are projected using Gumbel probabilistic method and finally the flow is calculated with the general formula of Ven Te Chow, next, the model is calibrated and the calculated data is entered into the HecRas software for analysis. As a result, a maximum return period of 140 years was obtained with a flow rate of 115.78 cubic meters per second, an average speed of 3.83 meter per second, an average shear effort of 419.98 Newton per square meter and a flood area of 31.16 hectares was determined.