Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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Subject: search.filters.subject.TRAMPA DE GRASAS

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    Diseño actualizado del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario y planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales para mejorar la calidad de vida de la comunidad Hualcanga Santa Anita, parroquia La Matriz, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-01) Toscano Masabanda, Héctor Alejandro; Núñez Aldás, Galo Wilfrido
    In this project, the treatment plant of the Hualcanga Santa Anita Community does not supply the entire sector due to population growth, and in the same way there is a deterioration of the treatment plant, which has affected the quality of life of the inhabitants of the sector. To meet the objective, relevant information for the project was collected, such as; topographical survey of the wells and pipe networks, in addition to this a population census was carried out to determine population growth, physical sanitary infrastructure, and laboratory tests to determine the functionality of the treatment plant. A redesign was carried out with the specifications of the TULSMA 2015 standard, and in addition to this, a grease trap and an artificial wetland were added in order to improve the WWTP process; In the same way, a sanitary hydraulic design of the sewage system was prepared, which complies with the regulations, making it more efficient, due to the fact that the concrete pipes were changed to PVC, and new branches were increased to supply more families in the community. The results obtained in the project showed that it is necessary to carry out maintenance of the treatment plant in the sector.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Hualcanga San Luis, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-06) Benalcázar Aguas, Emilio Andrés; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the current operation of the wastewater treatment plant in the community of Hualcanga San Luis, Quero canton, Tungurahua’s province. For this purpose, an inspection of the facilities was made, and then the inlet and outlet flow rates were measured using the volumetric method for seven consecutive days. This made it possible to determine the maximum and minimum flows with which the WWTP works. Once these flows were measured, wastewater samples were taken. These samples were sent to the Environmental Services Laboratory of the UNACH´s University for analysis of the pollutant load. The results showed that the current processes: distribution tank, septic tank, sludge drying bed and ascending biological filter do not meet the maximum removal parameters established in the TULSMA 2015 standard. Once the current operation of the WWTP was evaluated, a redesign of the current stages and the design of new stages were carried out, which are: desander and an oil and grease trap. These improvements together with the redesigned stages will allow the plant to operate correctly, respecting the values allowed by the regulations, because at present the discharge of these waters is a source of pollution for the environment. Finally, a maintenance and operation plan was proposed to ensure that the WWTP functions optimally.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad de Puñachizag, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-09) Criollo Espín, Ricardo Alexander; Castro Solorzano, Fidel Alberto
    The main objective of this research is to determine if the plant is operating optimally. The evaluation of the community WWTP began with the gathering of information, a field investigation which was used to take dimensions, inflow flows to determine the design flow to be used. Wastewater samples were also taken, which were analyzed by an accredited laboratory and whose results were compared with the limit parameters established by the TULSMA 2015 regulation for wastewater discharges into freshwater bodies, where it was found that the parameter oils and fats does not comply with the standards, which showed that the WWTP is not working properly. Finally, a diagnosis was made of each of the current treatment processes, where it was found that some of its structures, such as the septic tank, do not meet the criteria and recommendations established in the design manuals. For the reasons mentioned before, it is proposed to incorporate a new treatment process (fat trap) to treat the high value of that parameter. Also, to carry out a structure redesigns that now, currently do not comply with the standards, and finally to incorporate an operation and maintenance plan to ensure the correct operation of the WWTP through the time.
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    Análisis del tratamiento de aguas grises procedentes del lavabo de la cocina con el uso de técnicas alternativas en viviendas unifamiliares en la parroquia Atahualpa, cantón Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2021-03) Peñaloza Mera, Estefanía Gabriela; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego Sebastián
    The present project aims to implement two alternative techniques capable of purifying and removing pollutants present in the gray water coming from the kitchen sink of a singlefamily home, in order to analyze whether the water treated by these systems is capable of being reused. First, the sector to work was chosen: Area of Santa Fe, Atahualpa Parish, Ambato district, Tungurahua Province. Consequently, a survey was carried out for the inhabitants of the single-family dwellings (MIDUVI) in the chosen sector, where questions were useful for the effectiveness of the design of the proposed alternatives. The first technique is based on a wastewater treatment system composed mainly of a grease trap and a FAFA filter (Up flow Anaerobic Filter); whose designs, construction and operation have been determined based on the Pan-American Health Organization. (OPS) and the Salvadoran Association of Engineers and Architects (ASIA); as an experimental part we used materials such as: crushed lava rock (diameter: 5 cm), rounded rock (diameter: 5 to 10 cm - regulated in the OPS) and crushed moringa seed. This treatment system will include a storage tank for raw gray water, and a storage tank for treated water when leaving the system. The second alternative consists of a treatment system proposed by Katukiza, it is a series filter of silica sand (diatoms) and crushed lava rock (diameter: 0.5 - 1 cm), with gravel bases under each material (diameter: 1 cm); Its design and construction is easier and less expensive, this treatment system will include a storage tank for raw gray water, and a storage tank for treated water leaving the system. The results of the raw water sampling, together with the results of the water treated by alternative 1 and 2, were analysed in the EMAPA quality control laboratory (SAE accreditation), which showed that both alternative 1 and 2 have been able to remove appreciable amounts of oils and fats, BOD5, COD, floating material, nitrites, pH and sulphates; however, alternative 2 showed a better performance.