Estrategia de ejercicio físico para mejorar la hipertensión arterial en adultos mayores

Abstract

Arterial hypertension is a chronic non-communicable disease and its incidence increases at advanced ages, this constitutes one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and renal failure. The increase in blood pressure values is associated with aging and its cause is complex and multifactorial, with modifiable or preventable risk factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, poor eating habits, alcohol consumption, stress, diseases such as diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemias and non-modifiable factors such as age, gender, ethnicity and genetics. Therefore, this research project aims to determine the effect of physical exercise in improving blood pressure values in hypertensive older adults at the Saquisilí Health Center. This is a study with a quantitative, experimental, cross-sectional and field approach that included 29 patients selected by the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The blood pressure of the participating population was taken one week before and one week after the physical exercise to obtain the average. The recording during the work sessions was carried out 10 minutes before and 30 minutes after. They underwent aerobic physical exercise in three stages: warm-up, aerobic exercises, and cooldown, three times a week for 12 weeks, with the result that the practice of physical exercise decreased systolic blood pressure values of 5.58 mm of Hg and in the diastolic of 5.93 mm of Hg. It is concluded that non-pharmacological intervention in the treatment of arterial hypertension, such as the practice of physical exercise in hypertensive older adults, is favorable and forms an integral part of the treatment of hypertension, even in patients receiving medication, with a significant decrease in hypertension values. arterial.