PRINCIPALES FACTORES DE RIESGO PARA MUERTE SÚBITA EN EL LACTANTE Y MEDIDAS DE PREVENCIÓN

Abstract

Introduction: sudden infant death (SIDS), first defined in 1956 by the American Academy of Pediatrics as the death of an apparently healthy child, less than one year of age, without comprehensive explanation, including a complete autopsy and examination detail of the death scene, this event occurs especially during sleep. It is a syndromic diagnosis that is reached by exclusion and is likely to have different etiologies. The objective of this bibliographic review is to compile updated information on the main risk factors involved in sudden infant death, establishing prevention measures applicable within society. Methodology: literature review study based on the search for information using recognized electronic databases in health sciences such as PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, Science direct, Google Scholar, using keywords such as sudden death; infant; risk factor’s; prevention, unexpected death including original scientific articles published in the last five years, without language restriction, 100 articles were reviewed of which 30 were chosen. Results: information is collected that allows establishing sleeping position and drug consumption by caregivers as potential causes of sudden death in infants, in addition to the use of campaigns as the main strategy to eradicate the causative factors. Conclusions: sudden infant death is a syndrome that frequently occurs in children under 6 months of age, constituting an important health problem. It is determined that the sleeping position is the factor that causes it most frequently and that it can be modifiable.