Susceptibilidad antimicrobiana en bacterias patógenas aisladas en el área de microbiología del laboratorio clínico de la clínica Ibarra

Abstract

Pathogenic bacteria that exhibit Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) have become an increasingly significant public health issue. In recognition of this global threat, the World Health Assembly adopted the AMR Action Plan, aimed at implementing strategies, surveillance tools, and networks of specialized laboratories to help reduce its spread. Based on this problem, the present investigation was proposed as an objective to determine the to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogenic bacteria isolated in the microbiology department of the Clinical Laboratory at Clínica Ibarra during the period 2023-2024. For this purpose, a non-study experimental, cross sectional, descriptive, and observational study with a quantitative approach was conducted. Different pathogenic bacteria isolated and their susceptibility profiles were identified from all the samples received. Among the main results obtained a total of 265 positive microbiological samples were identified (215 urine, 49 secretions, 1 blood culture). Three main pathogenic agents were isolated, with the following frequencies: 66.8% Escherichia coli, 6.8% Proteus mirabilis, and 5.3% Enterococcus faecalis. Regarding susceptibility, the antibiotics with the highest sensitivity for Gram-negative bacteria were Amikacin, Ceftazidime, and Ceftriaxone, while for Gram-positive bacteria, they were Linezolid, Ciprofloxacin, and Vancomycin. Based on the data entered the Whonet system, a susceptibility chart was developed, which includes two areas of relevance in the institution: Outpatient Care and Emergency. Therefore, it is concluded that: Pathogenic agents were identified, with three being Gram-negative and two Gram-positive. Additionally, the primary causative agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs) was Escherichia coli, which was found to be sensitive to Fosfomycin. A susceptibility chart was also developed and presented for use in Clínica Ibarra.