DETERMINACIÓN DE LA COMPOSICIÓN CORPORAL EN DEPORTISTAS DE ALTO RENDIMIENTO DE LA CIUDAD DE AMBATO

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to analyze the body composition of high performance athletes and compare it with a control group, and we were able to determine that the BMI is not an adequate indicator to evaluate an athlete due to the alterations that he/she has according to weight and the amount of muscle mass. The study was a descriptive cross-sectional study with a sample of 38 athletes between 19 and 30 years of age, 14 of high performance, 13 men and 1 woman and 24 of control group, all men, in which through a bioimpedance study allowed us to compare their percentage of fat mass and muscle mass in relation to their weight according to the time and type of training and if there is a relationship between both groups, The results were obtained through a Chi-square statistical test to be able to cross variables, where there is no relationship between the control group and the high performance group based on their BMI and muscle mass. However, in the percentages of fat mass, there was little significant difference in relation to the high performance athletes and the control group since both were between normal and high ranges. With respect to hydration, it was found that high performance athletes have better total body water levels due to their muscle percentage, their water levels are more stable compared to the control group, therefore, it was determined that the BMI should not be used to evaluate a high performance athlete because most of them will be overweight and even obese due to their musculature.