Neumatosis intestinal ¿un problema de mal diagnóstico?

Abstract

Introduction: Intestinal pneumatosis, pathology in the intestinal wall associated with different underlying clinical conditions, due to the accumulation of gases that generate inflammatory diseases, frequently related to the patient's state of emergency, requiring rapid diagnosis. Objective: Disseminate as much information as possible about the relevant aspects of Intestinal Pneumatosis as a problem derived from a bad diagnosis, in order to reduce the morbidity and mortality rate in patients with acute pathology. Methods: Bibliographic review article, supported by documentary methodology, by compiling information in digital databases: Pubmed, SciELO, Science Direct and Google Scholar, using descriptors in Health Sciences (DeCS), with article inclusion criteria. published between the years 2017-2022, in English and Spanish. Results: They point towards the manifestation of the pathogenesis, still to be determined exactly, given the multiple causes and related pathologies that can complicate the finding in time, becoming a daily medical challenge with even asymptomatic patients. Likewise, carrying out invasive assessments can compromise intraperitoneal exploration in certain cases, making it necessary to complement it with other methods to obtain a better diagnosis. Conclusions: Imaging is considered ideal to verify a diagnosis of IP, specifically computed tomography, since they can demonstrate internal details in the intestinal wall, being able to show three patterns of pneumatosis, which are reviewed by the literature through through cystoid bubbles, linear and circular patterns, being binding for proper diagnosis in time to help reduce comorbidities and avoid current morbidity and mortality rates.