Diseño y construcción de una máquina tamizadora para análisis granulométrico de polvos metálicos para el Laboratorio de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

Abstract

The laboratory sieve for granulometric analysis in metallic powders is a laboratory equipment that allows dividing the metallic powders in their different sizes of grain. Metallic powders are widely used in the powder metallurgy industry, especially in smelters and non-destructive tests; for which the sieve size must be specific. In the present technical project, a bibliographical investigation was made of the types of sieves used in industry. From the technical characteristics of the metallic dust sifters were identified those that complied with the ASTM B214-16 standard. To select the sieve to be constructed, the following selection criteria were defined: technical, mechanical, market, construction and maintenance; each criterion was weighed. Finally, the selected sieving machine was the Horizontal Sieving Machine. The design was based on the technical characteristics defined in ASTM B214-16. The components designed were driven shaft, transmission system (pulleys, speed reducer and motor), structure, sieve support, shaft key. Design calculations were made, such as Torque, Maximum moment, Motor power, Transmission ratio, Calculation for selection of pulleys and belts, Effort in the belt, Safety factor of the driven shaft, Selection of bearings and Structural profile. The main activities during the construction of the horizontal sieving machine involved cutting and folding profiles and plates; Welding of the structure; Drilling holes; Casting of the sieve holder; Turning of shafts, cover and base of the support. In the functional tests, tests were performed for each grain size indicated in the standard, using different combinations of groups of sieves.