Caracterización mecánica del material híbrido de matriz epóxica reforzada con fibra de vidrio y tejido de fibras naturales de caña guadua y algodón para la determinación de propiedades mecánicas en aplicaciones industriales

Abstract

The present experimental work was carried out to look for new reinforcement alternatives in composite materials, reducing the dependence on synthetic fibers as well as some derivatives of fossil fuels, looking for new alternatives in vegetable fibers. In this research, the results of the mechanical characterization of the composite material of epoxy matrix reinforced with fiberglass and natural fiber fabric of bamboo and cotton will be exposed, the specimens were manufactured according to specifications of the standards (ASTM D-3039) for traction, (ASTM D-7264) for bending and the standard (ASTM D-5628) for impact. The fiber was extracted manually and reduced in several stages until obtaining the desired fibers, the cotton was acquired in the Rosario Salasaca where the bamboo and cotton fabric was also made, once obtained the epoxy resin and the fabric, it was cut the flat fabric at 0º, 45º and 135º depending on the combination to be made. The type of stratification used was vacuum, so the test pieces were manufactured in CIDFAE. The combination with the best results was a matrix of epoxy resin reinforced with a layer of fiberglass and two layers of natural fiber fabric of bamboo and cotton with an orientation of 0° oven-cured and vacuum laminated, resulted in maximum tensile stress 131,654MPa, maximum flexural stress 128,541 MPa and resistance to impact 6,01 J this combination was chosen to fulfill a goal aimed at the reduction of synthetic fibers.