Estudio de las propiedades funcionales de la cáscara, pulpa y semilla del capulí (Rosaceae: Prunus sorotina) en estado fresco y congelado

Abstract

The present thesis aimed to study the bioactive components of the peal, pulp and seed of the capulí fruit (Prunus serotina). An analysis of fruits collected at different harvest times was performed and their status in fresh and frozen fruits was evaluated. The content of monomeric anthocyanins in fresh fruit peals was 402.39 mg per gram more less 6.11 while frozen fruit presented an average of 245.00 mg per gram more less 6.112. The physical chemical analysis of the pulp showed an average value of soluble solids of 20.8 Brix degrees, 8.84 pH, acidity 0.643 percent of malic acid and 0.7690 percent of ashes, also a high content of reducing sugars 16.02 mg per ml of glucose more less 0.45, which demostrated no statistical differences (P less than 0.05) between the fresh and frozen fruit. In the seed, fatty acids were analyzed, which resulted in a content of Palmite acid 4.56 percent and Stearic acid 3.30 percent, Oleic 33.05 percent, Linoleic 35.57 percent, conjugated trienic acids ɑ-Eleostearic 23.91 percent and ß-Eleostearic 3.62 percent. The antimicrobial effect of anthocyanins in the capuli peal was evaluated using plaque experiments and the 3M™ molecular detection system. In plaque detection, antimicrobial activity could not be observed in gram (+) and gram (-) bacteria such as: Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomona aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. When using the 3M™ system it was observed a reduction in the presence of Listeria monocytogenes (G +) while the absence Escherichia coli 01527 was evidenced.