Sistema de monitoreo de variables químicas con tecnología Iot de los suelos agrícolas para la cosecha de productos en agro Pujilí.

Abstract

In the present research project, the macro nutrient parameters essential for the development of plants in the soil and necessary for the cultivation of different types of crops such as: vegetables, fruits, roses, among others, were inquired about. Among the parameters that were measured were: nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the system consists of a sensor node for the measurement of the chemical variables of the soil by means of the NPK sensor and interpreted by means of an ESP32 microcontroller and sent by means of LoRa technology. For the communication of the sensor and the microcontroller, the RS485 module was used through a Modbus interface, this module performs a signal conversion from RS485 to TTL so that the microcontroller can understand and read the variables acquired by the sensor. In addition, a soil moisture sensor was used to complement the NPK sensor, since it is necessary to know the moisture level in order to correctly measure the nutrients. In the visualization of the data, an OLED screen was used to read the chemical variables, once the variables were verified, they were sent to the Lora Gateway through LoRa communication to transmit to the server and visualize the variables through a user interface.