Aplicación de enraizantes naturales en la propagación vegetativa de la uva (Vitis vinífera) por medio de esquejes

Abstract

In Ecuador the cultivation of the vine (Vitis vinifera) began with the arrival of the Spaniards to America and was distributed in various Andean areas, so this research work was conducted in the Tambillo parish, the purpose of this research was to generate information on the methods of propagation of the vine, using natural extracts to promote the propagation of this fruit. The important factors in the propagation of the vine are the rooting agents that help the proliferation and formation of a good root system, giving way to the formation of a new plant; The objective of this research work was to compare the efficiency of natural rooting extracted from lentil, willow and wheat in the propagation of grape (Vitis vinifera) by means of cuttings, where the variables evaluated were survival or rooting percentage, root number, root length, root system volume and number of shoots; a completely randomized design with a bifactorial analysis, with three replications, was used in the field work. Prior to the statistical analysis, the data transformation was done with √(x+1), and then using the Tukey test at 5%, the data collection was done from 30 days to 90 days, where the study factor was E1 (adult grape cutting) and E2 (young grape cutting); followed by the extract factor P1 (lentil extract), P2 (willow extract), P3 (wheat extract), and finally the commercial rooting agent Radifit applied on adult and young cuttings; from these parameters it could be established that the rooting agent Radifit in T1 (Radifit adult cuttings) and T2 (Radifit young cuttings) obtained significant differences at 1% by obtaining a p-value of 0.0001% in most of the variables. In addition, a cost analysis was performed between the natural and commercial rooting agents, where the natural rooting agents had a total cost of US$ 8.40 and the commercial rooting agent had a total cost of US$ 10.