Tesis Agronomía

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Evaluación de diferentes abonos orgánicos en el cultivo de Mora (Rubus glaucus Benth)
(2024-08) Masaquiza Solina, Blanca Elizabeth; Santana Mayorga, Rita Cumandá
This study was conducted on the property of Mrs. Julia Solina, located in the Artezon village, part of the Pelileo canton. The objective was to evaluate the production of blackberry (Rubus Glaucus Benth) with the application of organic fertilizers. For the implementation of the trial, a Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD) was used with four treatments in three replications. The data were subjected to a Tukey significance test at 5%. The variables evaluated included the number of new shoots, the length of new shoots, the diameter of new shoots, fruit weight, and the number of flowers and inflorescences per branch. The products used corresponded to the treatments: T1 (pig manure), T2 (commercial compost), T3 (cow manure), and T4 (guinea pig manure), all applied at a dose of 2 kilograms per plant per square meter every 21 days. The Tukey multiple comparison test shows significant differences between treatments. T4 (cow) with an average of 17.67 new shoots and T1 (pig) are in the same group with 18.33 (A), indicating no significant differences between them. T3 (guinea pig) is in a different group (B) with a value of 14.67, and T2 (compost) is in another group (C) with 13.44, indicating significant differences from the other treatments. Similarly, regarding the length of new shoots, it can be observed that the treatments with cow manure (T4) and guinea pig manure (T3) show the highest average shoot lengths, with 22.96 cm and 22.59 cm, respectively, compared to the treatments with pig manure (T1) and compost (T2), which show shorter lengths of 19.47 cm and 17.92 cm, respectively. The analysis of variance for the variable length of new shoots taken 30 days after the first application shows a significant difference between treatments with a p-value of 0.1712 and a coefficient of variation of 13.12%. For the length of new shoots 30 days after the first application, the data obtained indicate no statistically significant differences between the treatments regarding the diameter of new shoots, as all treatments fall within the same significance range (A). Although treatments T4 (cow) and T1 (pig) show a slightly larger average diameter (0.05) compared to treatments T3 (guinea pig) and T2 (compost) (0.04), these differences are not large enough to be considered statistically significant. Regarding yield, the classification of all treatments in the "A" range suggests that there are no significant differences in yield per plant between the different treatments at the 5% significance level. This indicates that, although there are variations in the average values—T1 (pig) with a yield of 1725.67 Kg/Ha, T3 (cow) with 1204.33 Kg/Ha, T4 (compost) with 1152.33 Kg/Ha, and T2 (guinea pig) with 941.00 Kg/Ha these differences are not statistically significant.
Evaluación de dos abonos orgánicos en la producción de zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.)
(2024-08) Palate Amaguaña, Veronica Nataly; Velástegui Espín, Giovanny Patricio
The research project was carried out through the use of organic fertilizers such as Compost and Humus which improve crop yields, which is why it was used in the production of zucchini with the primary objective of evaluating the production of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo L.) through the application of two organic fertilizers Compost which contains N (1.01%), P (0.02%) and K (0.10%) and Humus with a concentration of N (0.18%), P (0.21) and K (0. .13%), the amount of 2 kg/m2 was applied, a completely randomized block design (DBCA) was used, with two treatments and two repetitions plus a control. The variables studied were plant height, number of leaves, number of flowers, weight, length and diameter of the fruit. The results of this study demonstrated that the compost treatment (T1) significantly outperformed the other treatments in the evaluated variables. According to the 5% Tukey test, the T1 treatment obtained the highest plant height, with an average of 49.02 cm, compared to the humus treatment (T2) and the control, which reached 42.12 cm and 37.78 cm, respectively. Regarding the number of leaves, treatment T1 presented the highest average with 12 leaves, surpassing T2 with 10 leaves and the control with 9 leaves. Likewise, in the variable number of flowers at 45 days, T1 obtained an average of 11 flowers, while T2 and the control recorded 11 and 9 flowers, respectively. Regarding the weight of the fruits, treatment T1 reached an average of 2.11 kg, being significantly greater than T2 with 1.73 kg and the control with 1.07 kg. Similarly, the length of the fruits was greater in T1 with an average of 45.55 cm, followed by T2 with 39.22 cm and the control with 30.67 cm. Finally, the diameter of the fruits was also higher in treatment T1 with 9.58 cm, compared to T2 and the control, which obtained 9.12 cm and 7.77 cm, respectively. The compost treatment (T1) proved to be the most effective to improve the yield of the zucchini crop in terms of plant height, number of leaves and flowers, weight, length and diameter of the fruits.
Evaluación de la productividad en el cultivo de mora (Rubus glaucus Benth) mediante la aplicación de abonos orgánicos en Santa Rosa-Tungurahua
(2023-03) Mazabanda Chicaiza, Erika Lizbeth; Pallo Paredes, Edwin Leonardo
The purpose of this research is to evaluate the productivity through the application of organic fertilizers in the cultivation of blackberry (Rubus Glaucus Benth) in the Santa Rosa parish, San Pablo Community, Ambato canton, Tungurahua province. For this research, the application of four organic fertilizers was carried out: chicken manure, sheep, guinea pig and E-EMAPA biosolids, at a dose of (5 t/ha and 10 t/ha) for each of the treatments. For the analysis of results, a randomized complete block design was used with a 4x2+1 factorial arrangement, with three repetitions. The data obtained were analyzed by means of ADEVA and the Tukey test at 5%. According to the field test and the statistical analysis, it was possible to determine that the highest results were: for the shoots per plant variable, the best treatment was A4B1 (Sludge from the E-EMAPA Wastewater Treatment Plant at a dose of 5t/ha) with an average of 7.56 shoots/plant; for the variable inflorescences per plant, treatment A4B1 (Sludge from the E-EMAPA Wastewater Treatment Plant at a dose of 5t/ha) with an average of 21.00 inflorescences/plant; for the fruit per plant variable, treatment A4B1 (Sludge from the E-EMAPA Wastewater Treatment Plant at a dose of 5t/ha) with an average of 15.56 fruit/plant; for the variable content of soluble solids, the treatment A1B1 (Manure chicken manure at a dose of (5 t/ha) with an average of 7.24 content of soluble solids (°Brix); for the variable yield per plant, the treatment A4B1 ( Sludge from the E-EMAPA Wastewater Treatment Plant at a dose of 5t/ha) with an average yield of 74.86 grams per plant, therefore, a minimum production increase of 20% is evident when applying the E-EMAPA biosolids in the blackberry crop.
El uso de abonos orgánicos liquidos tipo biol y su efecto sobre los parámetros productivos en el cultivo de frejol (Phaseolus vulgaris)
(2023-03) Escalante Andrade, Jeremy Samuel; Santana Mayorga, Rita Cumandá
The use of bioles in agriculture is a friendly alternative to the environment because it restores the nutrients lost to the soil and provides the necessary elements for the proper development of each phenological phase of the crop, since it does not have a single composition, it has many functions. such as nutrition, pest and disease control, among others. This research project was developed in the Unamuncho neighborhood San José parish, belonging to the Ambato canton, with the purpose of evaluating the effect of applying biol-type liquid organic fertilizers on the productive parameters of beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), with the application of two bioles at frequencies of 7, 14 and 21 days, being applied by the drench method, the study factors that were evaluated were, the height of plants, days to flowering, inflorescence per plant, days to harvest, number of seeds per pod and performance (weight in grams). A split plot design was used where the main plot was represented by the bioles and the subplots by their frequency. Obtained as non-significant results, leaving only numerically different results, in the same way it can be indicated that the recommended frequencies for the application of biol can be done at 7 and 14 days, in the same way any of these biols can be used since thanks to its nutritional composition helps the plant to develop regardless of climatic adversities. The two bioles help to reactivate the plants after heavy hailstorms and frosts are effects that were observed in the development of the research, it is recommended to continue using the bioles in future research in climatic conditions, crops and a different area.