Enfermería

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Start date: 2021Subject: search.filters.subject.EMBARAZO

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    ANSIEDAD Y DEPRESIÓN COMO CAMBIO FISIOLÓGICO O PATOLÓGICO EN EL EMBARAZO: REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA
    (2025-06-17) Garcés Cano Nahomi Micaela; Analuisa Jiménez, Eulalia Isabel; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
    Pregnancy is a physiological and psychological process that women go through, becoming a sensitive point for developing mental pathologies such as anxiety and depression in the prenatal stage, associated with related causative risk factors. Objective: To determine the prevalence of anxiety and depression levels (physiological or pathological) in pregnant women to promote education during the prenatal stage. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in electronic databases such as PubMed, Scielo, Google Scholar, Science Direct, and Dialnet, following PRISMA guidelines. Observational studies published between 2019 and 2024 that investigated anxiety and depression as physiological or pathological changes in pregnancy were included. Results: The symptoms of anxiety and depression are related to their origin, whether physiological or pathological, leading to various complications for the dyad that pose a life-threatening risk, and are also associated with risk factors and the history of the pregnant woman's pathologies. Conclusion: The bibliographic review conducted will support the updating and promotion of knowledge about mental disorders that silently affect pregnant women, caused by various risk factors that further exacerbate adverse effects, making depression and anxiety become a proper pathology according to the CIE-10.
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    REPERCUSIÓN DEL PERÍODO PRENATAL Y ROL MATERNO EN EL DESARROLLO ACADÉMICO UNIVERSITARIO: REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA
    (2025-06-16) Guano Almache, Cristian Joel; Analuisa Jiménez, Eulalia Isabel; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
    Introduction: The period the maternal role can have significant repercussions on the academic development of university students. Previous studies have identified challenges such as the balance between academic and parental responsibilities, as well as prenatal factors that influence the cognitive and socio-emotional development of children. Objective: To analyze the main repercussions of the prenatal period and maternal role on the academic development of university students. Methodology: A systematic search was carried out in electronic databases such as PubMed, Scielo and Google Scholar, following the PRISMA guidelines. Observational studies published between 2019 and 2024 that investigated the relationship between prenatal factors, motherhood and academic performance in university students were included. Results: The maternal role during university studies presents considerable challenges, although with adequate support, some student mothers manage to persist and be academically successful. Effective coping strategies such as time management and the use of technologies to facilitate learning were identified. Conclusion: The prenatal period and the maternal role have multifaceted repercussions on college academic development. It is crucial that educational institutions implement specific support policies and services for student mothers, considering both academic and childcare needs.
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    COMPLICACIONES MATERNO-FETALES DE LA DIABETES GESTACIONAL
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-04) León Panoluisa, Heydi Gabriela; Fernández Nieto, Miriam Ivonne
    Introduction. Gestational diabetes, a metabolic disorder that occurs during pregnancy, is crucial in obstetrics because it affects the health of the mother and the fetus. Caused by high glucose levels, it is linked to poor eating habits and sedentary lifestyle. It is common in 90% of pregnant women and its early detection is vital to prevent complications. Objective. To evaluate the maternal-fetal complications of gestational diabetes. Method. The study is a retrospective review. Databases such as PubMed and Google Scholar were used, selecting studies using specific search terms and the PRISMA methodology. The inclusion criteria for the selection of documents were those that contained the terms “diabetes”, “gestational diabetes”, “complications in the pregnant woman”, “complications in fetuses” and “newborns”. Articles without language and free access restrictions, published between 2019 and 2024, were accepted. The exclusion criteria included documents in difficult to translate languages and studies that lacked relevant information. Results. Studies indicated an increase in maternal and neonatal complications in women with gestational diabetes, highlighting the prevalence of fetal macrosomia and type 2 diabetes. Obesity, maternal age > 30 years, history of diabetes are important risk factors. Conclusions. Gestational diabetes manifests more in the second trimester, requiring early detection and intervention. It was found that it is associated with fetal complications such as macrosomia, hypoglycemia and obesity, highlighting the importance of adequate follow-up and management.
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    COMPLICACIONES NEONATALES EN GESTIÓN POR ADICCIÓN AL ALCOHOL Y TABACO
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Montaguano PLaza, Nelly Tannia; Velasco Acurio, Evelin Fernanda
    Introduction: alcohol and tobacco, present in society for centuries, represent serious risks during pregnancy. Alcohol can cause serious fetal disorders, such as FASD, while tobacco is linked to low birth weight and breathing problems. Both increase the probability of premature birth and neonatal complications, requiring preventive actions and urgent treatment. Objective: to determine neonatal complications in pregnant women with alcohol and tobacco addiction. Methodology: it is a literature review of the literature between 2019 and 2024. Academic databases such as Sciencie Direct, Google Scholar, SciELO, PubMed and Boolean operators were used to broaden the search. The PRISMA method is used to assess the quality of the studies. Results: the initial information search revealed a total set of 1532 articles, of which 60 met the eligibility criteria. Of these, 46 were not relevant, leaving a total of 15 records that contributed to the fulfillment of the study objectives and were used to carry out the meta-analysis. Conclusion: the consumption of alcohol and tobacco during pregnancy causes several neonatal complications, among them we can mention premature birth, low birth weight, among others.
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    ESTRATEGIA EDUCATIVA SOBRE EL RIESGO PRECONCEPCIONAL EN POBLACIÓN FEMENINA EN EDAD FÉRTIL. ECUADOR
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Ortega Liquinchano, Dayelli Elizabeth; Macías Ferreiro, Karina
    The Sexual and Reproductive Health (SRH) is affected by various risk factors across its different stages. Preventing these risks during the reproductive process is crucial for achieving good reproductive health development. Methods for preventing reproductive risk must begin before conception. This study aims to contribute to this goal by implementing an educational intervention on preconception risk to increase the level of knowledge and risk perception in fertile-aged women in the Parish of San Andrés, Píllaro Canton. A longitudinal-prospective, descriptive, quasi-experimental, participatory action study (educational intervention) was conducted on preconception risk (PRC) in fertile-aged women. The technique used was a survey, and the instrument was a questionnaire. The study sample showed that in relation to biological risks, extreme ages were the most prevalent, with adolescence being the most incident (15 years old or younger, 37.8%, and women over 45 years old, 35.1%). In terms of sociocultural risks, low educational level was prevalent (56.7%), as well as multiparity (33.7%) and low birth weight (27%). The participants' knowledge improved satisfactorily, indicating the effectiveness of the educational intervention. The most important results are achieved bydefining the types of risk, concepts, and actions to take
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    EXPERIENCIAS ACADÉMICAS DE LAS ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA CON HIJOS MENORES DE 1 AÑO
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Chiliquinga Yugcha, Lisseth Leonela; Guarate Coronado, Yeisy Cristina
    Introduction: Pregnancy is a problem within higher academic studies since there are situations affected by being a mother and student, being a complex and arduous routine, which sometimes causes student dropout. Objective: To analyze the academic experiences of nursing students with children under 1 year of age. Method: Qualitative, exploratory, phenomenological. 7 interviews were carried out with students with children under 1 year old, taking into account ethical aspects. The methodology of D. Demaziere and C. Duvar was applied, generating an outline of the interviews. Results: The life routine of being a mother and student is a different aspect from the rest of the daily life of a university student, where it influences the family, academic and work relationship, presenting difficulties for progress in completing a professional degree. Also, the routine of a university mother is related to fatigue in fulfilling her responsibilities, in addition to the fact that life does not tend to be of greater achievement on occasions such as abandonment of the partner being a life problem. Discussion: Family support is important in the family, work and academic spheres, as well as support from the couple, which is essential. Conclusions: Being a university mother affects family and academic relationships and includes a work life, therefore, the majority of students are supported, but at the same time they had less time for their recreational and academic activities, where the responsibility was majority and disciplinary.
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    PERCEPCIÓN DE LAS EMBARAZADAS SOBRE ANSIEDAD Y EL USO DE TERAPIAS ALTERNATIVAS COMO APOYO EMOCIONAL
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Ati Andino, Alison Mirley; Analuisa Jiménez, Eulalia Isabel
    According to PAHO, anxiety and depression during pregnancy turn out to be disorders of mood and emotions that the mother presents during this stage, these being a mental health condition that can affect significantly in some cases and in others mildly. During the pregnancy stage, physical and psychological changes occur caused by sentimental problems, hormonal changes, unplanned or unwanted pregnancies. The objective of the study focuses on describing the perception of pregnant women aboutanxiety and depression disorders and the use of alternative therapies. Methods: The research has a qualitative design, a narrative phenomenological, and an in-depth semi-structured interview of 10 questions, carried out in Ambato-Tungurahua with 10 pregnant university women. The autor presented the results showing that the participants know the symptoms of anxiety and have sometimes suffered from them without it considerably affecting their life, they manage the use of alternative therapy on their own andmention that it has been very helpful. help to relax, they also stated that at the level of the Ministry of Health they are not educated on this issue. The results of this study have managed to meet the objectives established at the beginning of the research, with the potential to contribute significantly to the well-being of future mothers and children.
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    PERCEPCIÓN DE ATENCIÓN A MUJERES EMBARAZADAS QUE ASISTEN A UN CENTRO DE SALUD PÚBLICO
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-02) Taco Quimbita, Shirley Abigail; Moyano Calero, Willian Eudrillir
    Introduction: Pregnant women go through several physiological and psychological processes that positively or negatively modify their daily lives, therefore, it is important to comply with prenatal controls to timely identify any type of obstetric risk. However, there are factors that influence the perception and adherence to controls, which constitutes a risk to maternal-fetal well-being. Objective: To identify the perception of care received by pregnant women who attend their prenatal check-ups at a public health center. Methods: Quantitative, observational, cross-sectional and descriptive study. The population consisted of pregnant women from the parish of Picaihua who went to the health center of the same locality for their prenatal check-ups, with a sample of 59 pregnant women, who were selected through a type of intentional non-probabilistic sampling. The information was collected through the questionnaire called "Evaluation of the quality of prenatal care". Results: At a general level, 51% of women feel satisfied with the care received from health personnel. According to demographic characteristics, pregnant women up to 18 years of age (50%), with primary education (53%), of rural origin (90%), with a partner (73%) and (53%) of indigenous ethnicity perceive the care as satisfactory. Conclusions: Perception varies according to certain sociodemographic factors. Differences were observed in the level of satisfaction according to the dimensions evaluated: tangible goods, security and empathy.
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    Percepción de la paciente sobre el acto sexual durante el período prenatal
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-07) Freire Paredes, Liliana Carolina; Chipantiza Córdova, Tannia Elizabeth
    Introduction: There are issues that are ignored by health personnel, despite the importance of their approach, such as "the sexual act during pregnancy", there are pregnant women who, due to ignorance, put aside intimacy with their partner, due to fears such as harm the fetus or trigger premature labor. Objective: To know the perception of the pregnant patient about the sexual act, to identify their main fears and provide correct and updated information. Methods: Qualitative, phenomenological, descriptive approach. This produced a semi-structured interview, keeping the principle of confidentiality and respect, applied to pregnant women of any gestational age, from the Huambaló parish. Results: The sexual act during pregnancy for some women is something normal while for others, on the contrary, it is something risky. Therefore, the couple must adapt to the different changes, the existence of little information, received by the health personnel, leads to an approach to sexuality based on beliefs and customs, limiting the enjoyment of full sexuality. Conclusion: The sexual act during pregnancy can lead to a decrease in sexual desire, due to the little information received by health personnel and the influence of beliefs and customs. Sex education must be provided by highly qualified health professionals, with up-to-date information on this subject, capable of efficiently interacting with pregnant women in the prenatal consultation, allowing them to enjoy full sexuality in their pregnant condition.
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    Factores asociados a la falta de control prenatal en américa latina y su relación con las complicaciones obstetricas
    (Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2021-03-01) Barros Raza, Lourdes Jacqueline; Velasco Acurio, Evelin Fernanda Lic. Mg.
    Introduction: Prenatal control is a fundamental tool in the prevention of obstetric complications by allowing the health professional to detect and monitor maternal and child problems. Objective: To identify the factors associated with the lack of prenatal control in Latin America and its relationship with obstetric complications. Methods: a systematic review and meta-analysis was carried out in the databases: PubMed, BVS, Scielo, Latindex, Lilacs and academic Google with the descriptors of health sciences (DeCS) of Bireme and the Medical Subject Headings (MesH) of the National Library of Medicine: prenatal control, prenatal care, obstetric complications, associated factors, in Spanish and English during the period 2015-2020, the PRISMA parameters were used. Results: the initial search for information reported a total of 1718 records, of which 86 were eligible, of these 56 were not relevant, so 30 are included that allowed the fulfillment of the study objectives with which the meta-analysis was carried out. Conclusions: The factors associated with the lack of prenatal control are: low level of education, home occupations and upbringing, lack of employment, limited economic resources, geographic location, lack of affiliation, beliefs and customs. Health-related factors are: the quality of prenatal services, accessibility barriers and continuity of services, and the lack of resources. The lack of prenatal control is related to the appearance of obstetric complications such as: infections, anemia, pressure alterations, hemorrhages, perineal tears, incomplete delivery, low weight and prematurity.