Enfermería

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    Factores de riesgo y signos de alarma asociados al suicidio
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2023-09-29) Padilla Guerrero, María Belén; Paredes Garcés, Mónica Guadalupe
    Introduction: Suicide is the second cause of death in Ecuador, according to the INEC the statistics of death by suicide in adolescents from 10 to 19 years old is 13.1% because this stage brings with it physical and psychological changes causing drastic behavior changes, which are influenced by factors and signs associated with suicide. Objective: To determine the risk factors and warning signs associated with suicide in adolescents at the Héroes del Cenepa Educational Unit located in the Pastaza province, Mera canton. Methods: Quantitative approach, descriptive study design, cross-sectional, study population of 160 adolescents in the middle stage between the ages of 14 and 18, high school students of the Héroes del Cenepa Educational Unit. Results: The findings for most relevant risk factors and warning signs of suicide were neglected personal appearance [24.38%] (Personal Domain), intrafamily violence - verbal and psychological [23.13%] (Family Domain); mistreatment at school (bullying) - sometimes [53.13%], the suicidal risk according to the Plutchik scale is 33.75% (Mild/moderate) and according to the Beck A. scale it is 67.50%. (Suicide Risk Predictor – moderate and severe hopelessness). Discussion and Conclusions: The investigated population presents predominant risk factors. Suicidal risk (Plutchik and Beck A. Scales) is high, it is recommended to implement health care programs to reduce the incidence of suicide.
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    Factores que influyen con la práctica de automedicación en adolescentes
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2023-09-28) Chiliquinga Sigcho, Lizbeth Gissela; Jiménez Hurtado, William Andrés
    Introduction: Self-medication is the choice of some drug decides the person so that it can preserve health, prevent and treat the disease, this is given by the variety of drugs that exist worldwide and that are over-the-counter, causing complications or risks for the person who acquires them. Objective: To identify the main factors that influence the practice of self-medication in adolescents. Methods: Quantitative approach, with descriptive scope and cross-sectional design, an instrument composed of 10 questions that a ddressed three dimensions was used, the reliability of the instrument yielded a Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient with a value of 0 .99. A simple random sampling was used for the survey aimed at students of the Technical University of Ambato in the leveling area. Results: The factors associated with self-medication are the lack of time to go to the doctor and the recommendation by pharmacies; the most consumed drugs are analgesics/anti-inflammatory drugs and antibiotics. Conclusions: Selfmedication has become an inadequate practice where easy access for the acquisition of drugs causes the problem to be exacerbated; people are not aware of the damage they can generate in their health in the short, medium, and long term.
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    Efectos adversos post vacunación contra el Covid-19 en adolescentes
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2023-09-27) Aucanshala Shigla, Erika Vanessa; Llerena Cruz, Carmen Alicia
    Introduction: immunization against Covid-19 can attract short or long-term effects, these can be mild (headache, pain at the puncture site), moderate (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, rash, fever (>38°), pruritus, lymph node inflamation) or serious (facial paralysis, facial swelling, anaphylaxis, changes in heart rhythm, coagulation disorders, arterial hypertension, transverse myelitis, Guillan Barre syndrome), in the following study will be revealed the effects produced after the application of the vaccine against COVID-19 in adolescents. Objective: to identify the adverse effects after the application of the third dose of the vaccine against COVID-19 in high school students of the Joaquín Lalama Educational Unit. Method: cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, of a crosssectional non-experimental design with a descriptive correlational scope. The study population are adolescents from 14 to 19 years old, high school students of the Joaquín Lalama Educational Unit. For data collection, the questionnaire called COVID-19 Side effects and vaccination was used. For the processing and analysis of the information, the IBPM SPSS statistical platform will be used, as well as tables for its correct interpretation. Results: after the analysis of the surveys applied to adolescents, it was found that there were no serious adverse effects in a large part of the population, but there were mild adverse effects, data similar to other studies carried out by other authors.
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    Intervenciones de enfermería en adolescentes con alteraciones psicológicas durante la pandemia Covid–19
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2023-06-09) Ramos Fonseca, Karen Yanara; Venegas Mera, Beatriz
    Anxiety and depression are very common psychological disorders in adolescents that compromise their well-being and affect their way of life, these disorders canarise for various reasons such as stress, excessive worry and other triggers. As a result of the emergence of the SARS-COV 2 virus, society faced several adverse situations that negatively affected the mental health of this vulnerable group. The objective of the present investigation was to analyze the psychological alterations in adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic, for which a representative sample of 150 students was calculated so as to measure their anxiety and depression using Beck inventories, this allowed us to know that a significant level of students suffers from moderate and severe levels of these disorders, with the information obtained a proposal for nursing interventions was developed based on the NANDA, NOC and NIC taxonomy aiming to achieve favorable results in the treatment of these conditions, these affectations are serious since they put people's health and lives at risk. For this reason, the proposed nursing interventions will allow a favorable and timely treatment to reduce the levels of anxiety and depression in adolescents, by improving their quality of life and decreasing the incidence of these conditions.
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    Hábitos y conocimientos alimentarios en adolescentes
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2023-06-08) Lara Espinosa, Lizbeth Estefania; Rojas Conde, Luis Geovanny
    Introduction: currently unhealthy diets cause health problems among the population. Therefore, it is necessary to apply an adequate dietary habit for a healthy life and thus reduce the risk of diseases in the future. Objective: to analyze the dietary habits and knowledge of adolescents between 14 and 17 years of age,identifying the risk factors that may affect the health and well-being of the population studied. Method: a quantitative approach methodology with descriptive scope was applied. A dietary questionnaire on eating habits, eating behavior and nutritional knowledge was applied. Results: when analyzing the sample, risk factors that may affect the nutritional health of the studied population were identified, where most of the students have notions about these practices. Most of them have reliable knowledge about food consumption frequency and variety. However, the dimensions that evidenced lower reliability corresponded to food knowledge in adolescents Conclusions: the results obtained in the present research, allow us to conclude that the adolescents whomade up the sample of this research possess reliable knowledge about the variables self-efficacy, frequency in food consumption, eating habits, knowledge of nutrition and food safety and behavior in hygiene practices, which indicates that most students possess notions about these practices, which can serve as protection.
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    Alteraciones emocionales en los adolescentes durante la pandemia Covid-19
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2023-06-07) Aimara Guachi, Verónica Nataly; Martínez García, Diana Nancy
    With the arrival of the covid-19 virus in the year 2020, the world population was forced to be confined to their homes, causing emotional disturbances that require the services of professionals specializing in mental health for vulnerable people, which generated emotional disorders such as depression and anxiety by trait and state. The research was carried out in a population of adolescent and adult men and women between 15- 25 years old, from the San Miguelito parish of the Píllaro canton. It was a quantitative, cross-sectional, descriptive study. Evaluation instruments such as the Beck inventory and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were used in order to detect repetitive emotional disturbances. To obtain the results, Google Forms was used as a survey manager capable of handling large volumes of data, generating graphs and tables of information, with which the emotional symptomatology such as moderate depression was determined, while state and trait anxiety have a level one (somewhat and often) result in the study population, after which nursing principles were applied.