Fisioterapia

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EJERCICIOS DE FUERZA-RESISTENCIA PARA MEJORAR EL DOLOR EN PACIENTES CON ARTROSIS DE RODILLA
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-28) Chango Tubón, Nury Aidé; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela
The aim is to compare whether performing muscle strengthening exercises (EF) is better than doing aerobic exercises (EA), or vice versa, to reduce pain and improve physical capacity in individuals with knee osteoarthritis. A comprehensive search of databases was conducted, and 13 relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were selected, of which the quality was evaluated using the Pedro and Amstar scales. The results showed differences in the duration and type of exercise among the studies; approximately 33.33% supported the efficacy of resistance training, 26.67% aerobic training, and 40% concluded that both interventions are equally important. The importance of considering an integrated approach combining both interventions to optimize outcomes in patients with knee osteoarthritis is emphasized, as each offers complementary benefits. Strength training improves muscle strength, while aerobic exercise addresses central sensitization, both reducing pain and enhancing physical capacity.
EVALUACIÓN DEL VOLUMEN DE CARGA AGUDA-CRÓNICA Y SU RELACIÓN CON EL DOLOR MUSCULOESQUELÉTICO EN DEPORTISTAS DE TRAIL RUNNING
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-03-18) Nolivos Salazar, Sammy Ariana; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela
The present study was carried out with the aim of determining the acute-chronic load volume and its relationship with musculoskeletal pain in trail running athletes. The ACWR is a tool that helps to quantify acute-chronic training loads and is used to prevent and reduce the risk of musculoskeletal pain. Twenty-seven athletes with musculoskeletal pain of both sexes aged 18 to 60 years were evaluated. The acutechronic workload tool (ACWR) and the numerical pain scale (NRS) were used. The present research work adopted a quantitative approach, using instruments such as the ACWR and the NRS producing relevant numerical values to be associated with Pearson's statistical test. It is a longitudinal descriptive study seeking to evaluate training loads and correlational type by associating acute-chronic loads with pain. It was obtained as a result between the relationship of training loads with musculoskeletal pain, NRS (p= 0.586), these results are correlated with suffering musculoskeletal injuries. In conclusion, excessive training loads are associated with significant discomfort in athletes, determining that ACWR should be taken into account in every evaluation of trail running athletes to avoid future injuries.
Factores asociados al catastrofismo en pacientes con dolor de tobillo
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-03-15) Freire Guevara, Marcela Janeth; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela
The research project was conducted with the aim of determining the factors associated with catastrophizing in patients with ankle pain. Ankle pain is a common condition that can affect people of all ages and lifestyles, so they represent the majority of musculoskeletal injuries, their recovery can be affected by biopsychosocial aspects which impede recovery. The research was developed with 48 patients with ankle pain belonging to the province of Tungurahua, the participants were between 18 and 60 years old, of both genders, for the research a questionnaire of catastrophism (PSC), the Pain Drawing (PD) and a Digital Sheet for the Collection of Data and Associated Factors were applied. The approach is mixed (qualitative and quantitative) as questionnaire type tests will be applied to evaluate the catastrophization in ankle pain and to evaluate the social and psychological factor related to ankle pain. pain. The study is Descriptive Transversal type since the surveys will be conducted only once in an observational manner with a duration of 15 to 20 minutes for data collection, with the aim of relating catastrophizing with the factors associated with ankle pain. It has a non-experimental design, so it focuses on the observation of patients, where the different variables related to ankle pain will be evaluated. In the results, by means of correlation, it is observed that the variables with greater interference in catastrophic thoughts of the patients are: body mass index (p=0.03), consumption of medication (p=0.04), time that pain returns when taking medication (p=0.03), concern for taking too much medication (p=0.03), medical-physiotherapeutic treatment (p=0.04) and nocturnal pain (p=0.02). It is concluded that while the scores are higher in catastrophism, there is a direct relationship with the associated factors, however, the correlation that exists in the research is slight, but it helps us to determine which variable should be taken into account in a physiotherapeutic evaluation with the objective of improving care.
FISIOTERAPIA EN DISPAREUNIA: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Calvopiña Yanez, Andrea Mishell; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela
Introduction: Sexual pain or dyspareunia is a common but very delicate issue for women, affecting their quality of life, associated with endometriosis due to specific or indirect factors in the dysfunction of the bladder and/or pelvic floor, causing adverse effects such as: the reduction of desire, dissatisfaction, and pain in the sexual act. The objective is to carry out a search for scientific articles that address physiotherapeutic treatments in dyspareunia and analyze the most effective methods by comparing the different techniques aimed at relieving the symptoms and improving the quality of life in these patients. Methods: A search for studies was carried out in the PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus databases and the inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, selecting 11 articles focused on physiotherapy treatment for the improvement of symptoms in dyspareunia. Results: The selected articles covered various physiotherapy treatments based on muscle relaxation techniques, biofeedback, training (stretching and strengthening) of the pelvic floor muscles, manual interventions, and the use of vaginal dilators, obtaining significant results. such as: reduction of signs and symptoms, optimization of muscle function, increase in tissue elasticity and decrease in pain. Conclusion: Although there is promising evidence for the effectiveness of physical therapy in the treatment of dyspareunia, there is still much to learn about best practices, personalization of treatment, and the exact mechanisms that would decrease its signs and symptoms.
FORTALECIMIENTO DEL CUÁDRICEPS PARA MEJORAR LA MARCHA EN ADULTOS MAYORES
(2025-02-27) Cueva Molina, Karen Mayeli; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia
Strengthening the quadriceps in older adults is essential to improve gait, as this muscle group plays a key role in stability and mobility. Through specific exercises that increase muscle strength, postural control can be improved, reducing the risk of falls and optimizing walking functionality. This type of intervention contributes to a safer and more efficient gait, promoting independence and quality of life. Therefore, the objective of this research project was to determine the effects of quadriceps strengthening to improve gait in older adults. The quadriceps strength was measured using the dynamometer, the Tinetti scale and Timed Up and Go (TUG) to evaluate gait, accompanied by an intervention for strengthening, which were applied to 20 participants belonging to the GAD Parroquial 11 de Noviembre. This is an observational research, with a quantitative approach, the T test was used for normality analysis, in the sample reflected a value of p >0.05 giving a result of non-parametric data. Among the results, it was obtained that there were clinical improvements, but not statistical improvements in the post-intervention of dynamometry and TUG, except for Tinetti, whose values remained constant in the initial and final evaluation.
TÉCNICAS DE FISIOTERAPIA UTILIZADAS EN LA SENSACIÓN DEL MIEMBRO FANTASMA EN PACIENTES CON AMPUTACIÓN DEL MIEMBRO SUPERIOR
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-08-27) Changobalin Tite, Evelyn Jahaira; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela
Introduction: the sensation of a phantom limb is experienced by people who have had an amputation or loss of one of their limbs and continue to perceive its presence; in most cases it occurs within days or in the first month. Objective: determine which are the most used physiotherapy techniques in the treatment of phantom limb sensation and which of them is the most effective. Material and Method: a search was carried out in main databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane and ScienceDirect, under the guidelines of the PRISMA model, for the last 5 years, where 9 studies were selected. Results: there are several techniques that are applied in phantom limb pain such as: mirror therapy, graded motor images, neurofeedback training, repetitive magnetic cranial stimulation, BCI training and virtual reality. These showed a prolonged reduction in pain, improving quality of life and therefore activities of daily living. The most outstanding result indicates that virtual reality and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reduces DMF and its characteristics despite the fact that the most used is mirror therapy because it is economical and easy to apply. Conclusion: the physiotherapeutic techniques used in the sensation of the phantom limb are diverse that help to improve the symptoms in the short-term depending on the treatment to be applied, avoiding surgical and pharmacological interventions.