Fisioterapia

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Evaluación en el equilibrio de actividades específicas en adultos mayores
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Fisioterapía, 2022-03-01) Castillo Villacis, Lucía Verónica; Espín Pastor, Victoria Estefanía Lcda. Msc
As the years go by, older adults adapt to their environment by means of compensatory measures to replace the functional capacity lost when performing different activities of daily life. The objective of this study was to determine the balance in specific activities in this population with 73 participants. It is a quantitative study that oriented the investigation by means of the Activities Specific Balance Confidence to evaluate in which activities they had less balance confidence. The results of the ABC were also correlated with the predisposing risk factors for falls, and a comparison was made between this test and the dependency capacity of the elderly with the help of the Lawton and Brody scale. According to the orientation of our results, we identified the correlation between the ABC test and the level of functionality of IADL (p= 0.00), having a lower capacity for autonomy increases the risk of falling, something similar occurs with the number of days of exercise (p=0.005) which executes higher functional capacity, thus increasing the quality of life, Among the predisposing indicators of falls there was no relevance, mostly this is different with respect to the sociodemographic characteristics of the population evaluated.
FORTALECIMIENTO DEL CUÁDRICEPS PARA MEJORAR LA MARCHA EN ADULTOS MAYORES
(2025-02-27) Cueva Molina, Karen Mayeli; Bonilla Ayala, Josselyn Gabriela; Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia
Strengthening the quadriceps in older adults is essential to improve gait, as this muscle group plays a key role in stability and mobility. Through specific exercises that increase muscle strength, postural control can be improved, reducing the risk of falls and optimizing walking functionality. This type of intervention contributes to a safer and more efficient gait, promoting independence and quality of life. Therefore, the objective of this research project was to determine the effects of quadriceps strengthening to improve gait in older adults. The quadriceps strength was measured using the dynamometer, the Tinetti scale and Timed Up and Go (TUG) to evaluate gait, accompanied by an intervention for strengthening, which were applied to 20 participants belonging to the GAD Parroquial 11 de Noviembre. This is an observational research, with a quantitative approach, the T test was used for normality analysis, in the sample reflected a value of p >0.05 giving a result of non-parametric data. Among the results, it was obtained that there were clinical improvements, but not statistical improvements in the post-intervention of dynamometry and TUG, except for Tinetti, whose values remained constant in the initial and final evaluation.
Realidad virtual mediante el uso del Nintendo Wii para mejorar el alcance del miembro superior en adultos mayores
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-03-15) Campaña Delgado, Diana Patricia; Ortiz Villalba, Paola Gabriela
This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of virtual reality via the Nintendo Wii to improve upper limb reach in older adults. This group has poor strength control including reaching, transferring and unloading to manipulate objects. A non-experimental longitudinal study was carried out in which older adults between 65 and 80 years of age were included, performing a pre-intervention and post-intervention by means of the Lawton and Brody Scale (ELB), Up & Go Test, initial and observational clinical record, the latter an activity was performed measuring the time it takes the patient to place 5 glasses from a shelf to a table, with the help of the Nintendo Wii for 6 weeks they played certain sports games in relation to the upper limb; Again, the tests were carried out to observe whether or not there was an improvement in their reach.The results obtained were to reduce the time taken to perform the activity. In the preintervention (mean 23.2812) and post-intervention (mean 21.3400) with a difference of 1.94 seconds; changes were also found in ELB. We can conclude that thanks to the use of the Nintendo Wii, older adults can improve their range of mobility and functional tasks, but they can also achieve a change in their lives by having very beneficial technological tools not only for their health and physical aspect, but also in the emotional and psychological sphere.
Uso de superficies inestables para mejorar el equilibrio en el adulto mayor de la parroquia Quisapincha
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2023-03-01) Villamarín Avila, Andrea Rosario; Robalino Morales, Gabriela Estefanía Lic. Mg
Falls in older adults can lead to some fractures, blows, bruises, disabling diseases, hospitalizations, loss of independence, and even in some cases can lead to death, being a public health problem. For this reason, this research aims to reduce and prevent falls in older adults using unstable surfaces to improve balance and gait and in turn the living conditions of the participants. For the qualitative-quantitative study, a population of 20 older adults with an average age of 65 to 95 years, 18 females and 2 males, who belong to the Quisapincha parish, were obtained and the intervention lasted 8 weeks. To obtain the results of the study two tests were used; the TUG test and the Berg scale, which helped to measure the level of balance and gait of the participants applied before and after the intervention. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed to verify the hypothesis using the IBM SPSS V22 statistical program. For the research development, unstable surfaces such as the vestibular disc, mat, and Bosu were used, as well as stretching exercises before the intervention. The results obtained reflect that the intervention was successful since the two tests applied at the end of the intervention showed a significant percentage of improvement. Therefore, it can be concluded that using unstable surfaces to improve balance in older adults is effective in preventing and reducing the risk of falls.
VALORES ESPIROMETRICOS ESTIMADOS MEDIDOS POR ENVERGADURA Y TALLIMETRIA EN ADULTOS MAYORES
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-03-18) Montero Merino, Zenaida Milena; Caiza Lema, Stalin Javier
The research focuses on determining estimated spirometric values measured by wingspan and height measurement in addition to analyzing the variability that may or may not exist between these two variables. The study population was 43 older adult participants between the ages of 65 and 90; data was collected on weight, height, sex, age, and wingspan. The evaluation of lung function was carried out through a spirometric examination and the parameters of FEV1, FVC, and Tiffeneau Index were analyzed. The project design is prospective-transversal with a non-experimental-analyticalrelational quantitative approach. A single evaluation was made that yielded numerical and categorical values that were analyzed with the Chi-square statistical test. Spirometric values were obtained for both height and wingspan. The statistical analysis yielded a result of p 0.000, indicating perfect agreement between the variables studied, supporting the true hypothesis of the research where it is mentioned that there is no variability between the values. In conclusion, the use of wingspan would be the most appropriate alternative to height for the analysis of lung function.