Especialidad en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria
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Item Factores de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Estilos de vida, en Adolescentes Escuela Fiscal Federico González Suárez, Sector EU05. San Miguel-Salcedo. 2015-2016(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Cando Cando, Irma de los Ángeles Dra.; Vázquez Cedeño Dr. Esp.,Jorge LuisCurrently cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in all countries of the world, its clinical manifestations are evident in adulthood, but cardiovascular risk factors, often are already present since childhood and adolescence. Objective. Identify cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle, adolescents school tax Federico Gonzalez Suarez, the EU05 Sector San Miguel-Salcedo. 2015-2016. Methodology. The field study was transversal and relational, a universe of 254 adolescents of both sexes. The sample was calculated using the statistical program Epidat version 3.0, the 158 participating schools were selected by simple random sampling. Inclusion criteria: adolescents who agreed to participate voluntarily and had signed informed consent by the guardian. The study considered the ethical principle of Helsinki. All weight and height were measured and BMI was calculated; Blood pressure was measured; waist circumference; biochemical measurements of blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were performed; plus a survey on diet, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle was applied. The results were performed with SPSS version 20. To determine the statistical significance between cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyles, the Chi square test (x2) was used with p <0,05.The results reported overweight 24,1%, obesity 19,6%, abdominal obesity 19%, prehypertension 2,5%, hypertension 3,8%, impaired fasting glucose 17,7%, hypercholesterolemia 47,5%, high LDL cholesterol 62,7%, low HDL colesterol 30,4%, hypertriglyceridemia 43.7%. Regarding lifestyles, changes need 75.9%, perform light physical activity 39,2%, and 22,2% were sedentary activity. Conclusions. No statistical significance between cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyles of teenagers, but several cardiovascular risk factors such as overweight, impaired fasting glucose, low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides predominated in women was found, while, general obesity, abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, total cholesterol and high LDL cholesterol were present in males, so it is important to promote healthy lifestyles.Item Factores que influyen en el cumplimiento de los estándares de calidad del proceso control prenatal en el Centro de Salud de Lasso(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Guanochanga Collaguazo, Rita Paulina Md.; Fajardo Rodríguez Dr. Esp., OtonielWith the objective of determining the factors that influence the compliance with the quality standards of the process prenatal care at the Health Center Type C of Lasso in the period January-March 2016, proceeded to perform a qualitative-quantitative study, field, observational, documentary, descriptive-correlational study. The universe was constituted by the whole of doctors and midwives and the total number of pregnant women with 5 or more prenatal controls, were surveyed to professionals and pregnant women, and was conducted documentary review of the clinical histories, the data were entered into an Excel database and processed in the program SPSS statistical, applying the Chi square test with a significance level of p<0.05. The 26 per cent of pregnant women are adolescents, 42.9% have bachelor fulfilled and illiteracy did not exceed 2.4 per cent and half of them are housewives. The 30% perceived an regular and bad treatment, while statistical significance between the treatment with the level of instruction. The 50 per cent of the professionals are not considered important to the registration of the standards, and the same percentage not the recorded completely in the medical histories. The 86.6% considered insufficient time for consultation and 66.7% are unaware of the existence of the Manual of Standards indicators and instruments for measuring the quality of Maternal and Neonatal. It was concluded that there is a high incidence of teenage pregnancy, the level of schooling is high, one third of the patients reported a treatment between bad and regulate, half of the professionals consider not important and therefore do not record the prenatal control process standards. Three quarters of the professionals consider insufficient time for consultation and are unaware of the existence of the manual of standards.Item Guía anticipatoria para contribuir al cumplimiento de las funciones básicas de las familias del Caserío San Antonio. Parroquia Huambaló, 2015(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Pilaloa Tamayo,Sergio Emilio Dr.; García Franco Dra. Esp., VilmaThe present study considers the family as a decisive factor of change during the promotion, prevention and recovery of the mental, physical and psychological health of each one of its members in harmony with the internal family environment and the community in general. The family in a decisive way influences the formation and development of ethical, moral and spiritual values that will help to confront the normative and paranormativas crises within each one of the stages of the life that will modulate the quality of life of the present family and of the Following generations. There are risk factors that measure family interactions that take into account affective attachment, adequate assimilation with role application, cohesion, flexibility and communication among family members. These factors must be identified, socialized and tried to be improved or eliminated so that they do not affect the family functionality in its bio-psycho social aspect that is translated in the alteration of the forms and lifestyles reflected in the fulfillment or not of the Basic functions of each family. The economic function is applied in order to get the good administration of monetary resources that guarantee the conservation, well-being and the adequate level of family life. The educational function generates the transmission of historical -social experiences of daily life, the transmission of ethical, moral values, derived from principles, norms and regulations that are obtained from the heart of each family, translating into the individual personality The affective function is the link where basic brotherly love is created in every relationship. The reproductive function is applied to the reproduction and healthy coexistence of each couple.Item Atención integral de Salud a mujeres adultas con malnutrición por exceso. centro de salud la Vicentina, Tungurahua, 2016(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Martínez Muñoz, Carmita Geomara Dra.; Díaz Curbelo Dra. Esp.,AliuchaIntroduction: Obesity is a chronic disease of multifactorial etiology. Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted - transversal with the aim of characterizing the comprehensive health care that adult women receive with overweight who were treated at the Health Center La Vicentina, canton Ambato, Tungurahua province, 2016. The sample consisted of 94 adult women aged 20 to 64 who presented excess malnutrition and stratified randomly selected. Results and Discussion: 52.12% are overweight patients and 34.04% belong to the group of 20-39 years. The 48.94% are married women, 60.63% are women with secondary school level, the mestizo self-identification with 88.30%, 11.70% showed adequate medical care and inadequate with 88.30%, being groups with 44.66% overweight and obese women with grade 1 with 24.46% which bring the big number of cases with inadequate monitoring. Conclusions and Recommendations: It is concluded that the highest prevalence of excess malnutrition was in overweight women and in the group of 20-39 years. Comprehensive medical care received in most women with excess malnutrition, studied, was inadequate. The guide comprehensive care proposal will favor the monitoring, control and evolution of these patients.Item Factores que Influyen sobre la Adherencia Terapéutica en la Hipertensión Arterial, Parroquia San Andrés(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Mayra Alexandra Md., Chiluiza Ramírez; Salvador, Vidal Revé Dr. Esp.Background: The lack of adherence in hypertensive patients represent a high health costs, as the asymptomatic nature of hypertensive disease. Objective. To determine the factors influencing adherence in patients with hypertension Parish San Andrés del Píllaro Canton. January-August 2015. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study in which a population of 110 hypertensive patients (65.5% female, predominant age group 50 to 59 years) dispensarizados by family and hypertensive tab and treated at the Health Center of San Andrés was used. the Martin-Bayarre-Grau (MBG) questionnaire was used to assess the level of adherence, and an interview to assess the various associated factors based on the 2004 WHO report. Results. Adherents total 45% according Morinsky-Green, total 13.6% according MBG adherents, not adherents 48.2% and 38.2% Little adherents. Adherence according showed significant dependence between variables such as education level (p = 0.000), satisfaction with care received from the doctor (p = 0.000), medical indications given clearly and in writing (p = 0.000). Availability of the drug (p = 0.049). Conclusion. The study population has low levels of adherence associated with low education, low knowledge of pathology, protective factors are the level of satisfaction with medical care, poor grip level also was linked to oblivion by the patient, often taking medication and the number of medicines for treatmentItem Factores de Riesgo Intrafamiliares Relacionados con el consumo de Alcohol. Población del EU 06. Pujilí, 2015 – 2016.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato.- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud .- Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Nery Hermelinda Md, Balseca Guamán; Leticia, Remón Ramírez Dra. Esp.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This research work aims to identify risk factors related to domestic alcohol consumption in the population of the EU 06. Pujilí, with the sample to 106 consumers of alcohol, a study was conducted Relational observational level, the information was obtained by applying the test Use Disorders Identification test (AUDIT) and evaluation of Family Functioning (FF SILL), after an analysis of the results obtained by calculating the Pearson Chi-square for verification of the hypothesis, approving the Alternatively, assuming that the intra-family factors influence alcohol consumption. We designed an educational strategy. The family doctor through the longitudinal nature of the attention given has the opportunity to observe all members of the family, all that puts it in a very advantageous to perform counseling or family intervention position.Item "Factores de riesgo preconcepcionales asociados a la interculturalidad. Parroquia Salasaca. Enero – Diciembre 2016"(Universidad Técnica de Ambato.- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud .- Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Torres Paredes,Verónica Imelda Md.; Soler Santana,Raxsy Dra. Esp.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction: Maternal mortality is a major public health problem worldwide. Timely detection of preconception reproductive risk factors, with intercultural approach allows early comprehensive care of women of childbearing age. Objective: To determine the preconception risk factors in women of childbearing age Salasaca, January to December 2015. Method: An observational research was conducted descriptive cross. The study population consisted of 260 women of childbearing age, who met the inclusion criteria, belonging to the communities Center, Zanjaloma Alto and Bajo de la Salasaca parish. Results: It was observed that the predominant age group in women aged 20 to 34 with 58.5%, preponderating indigenous with 43.5%; schooling at the primary level stood with 71.9%, with the highest percentage of indigenous; the women engaged in household chores led with 29.2%, being higher among indigenous; the average economic situation prevailed for 80.0%. It was found that the intergenesic risk period with 55.8%, followed by multiparity and abortion to repeat with 44.2 and 28.8% respectively, were the unfavorable risk factors that prevailed, with rheumatoid arthritis personal pathological history that prevailed with 35.3% ; and as toxic habits, alcohol consumption stood for 14.6%.Item Factores que influyen sobre la adherencia terapéutica en la hipertensión arterial, Parroquia San Andrés(Universidad Técnica de Ambato.- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud .- Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Chiluiza Ramírez, Mayra Alexandra Md.; Salvador Dr. Esp, Vidal RevéBackground: The lack of adherence in hypertensive patients represent a high health costs, as the asymptomatic nature of hypertensive disease. Objective. To determine the factors influencing adherence in patients with hypertension Parish San Andrés del Píllaro Canton. January-August 2015. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study in which a population of 110 hypertensive patients (65.5% female, predominant age group 50 to 59 years) dispensarizados by family and hypertensive tab and treated at the Health Center of San Andrés was used. the Martin-Bayarre-Grau (MBG) questionnaire was used to assess the level of adherence, and an interview to assess the various associated factors based on the 2004 WHO report. Results. Adherents total 45% according Morinsky-Green, total 13.6% according MBG adherents, not adherents 48.2% and 38.2% Little adherents. Adherence according showed significant dependence between variables such as education level (p = 0.000), satisfaction with care received from the doctor (p = 0.000), medical indications given clearly and in writing (p = 0.000). Availability of the drug (p = 0.049). Conclusion. The study population has low levels of adherence associated with low education, low knowledge of pathology, protective factors are the level of satisfaction with medical care, poor grip level also was linked to oblivion by the patient, often taking medication and the number of medicines for treatmentItem Conocimiento sobre tratamiento y complicaciones con Influencia en la meta de control de la presión arterial en personas adultas hipertensas del subcentro de salud la Vicentina 2016.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Castillo Borja, Gabriela Fernanda Md.; Torres Torres Dr., Johny MauricioArterial Hypertension (AHT) is a multicausal disease that requires multiple interventions to control it. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the influence of knowledge on treatment and complications of hypertension in the control of hypertensive adults who attended the outpatient Health Center Vicentina during 2015, from different sociodemographic such as sex, age, educational level and socioeconomic status. There was a predominance of females with 70%, those over 65 years of age with 56.20% and primary schooling 56,20% and low socioeconomic status 51,20%. The 73.80% of the population had knowledge about treatment and complications of hypertension and 61,25 % did meet the goal of control. It is concluded that existed in the patients studied showed significant frequencies influence of knowledge about treatment and complications of hypertension in meeting the goal of control. It is recommended that additional research in the future be conducted with emphasis on risk factors and other relations with hypertensive patients such as the body mass index and stages of the disease to analyze meeting the goal of control of the disease. The application of the proposed guide of prevention of hypertension to be presented in health centers of primary care.Item "Autopercepción y percepción familiar de la calidad de vida del adulto mayor. ER12, la Victoria, 2015-2016"(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Borja Tapia, Patricia Elisabeth Dra.; Creagh Bandera. Idalberto Dr Esp.,Nowadays the whole world is experiencing a new phenomenon, which is the phenomenon of demographic transition, where the population of the elderly has increased considerably, according to the World Health Organization that in the year 2000 there were approximately 600 million Old adults, a figure that would double by 2025, all this has been achieved thanks to technological and scientific advances that have reduced mortality rates and increasing life expectancy, so there are more vulnerable individuals, with their own requirements And with little social consideration what would determine their quality of life. Ecuador is also experiencing this process without being the exception the Parish Victoria. In this context the present study whose general objective was performed. Determine the quality of life of the elderly from self-perception and the perception of the family in the ER 12 Victory in 2015-2016. A qualitative and quantitative approach was maintained, it was a descriptive study cross-sectional descriptive study yielded information as older adults perceive their quality of life and how they perceive their families. We worked with 70 older adults and 70 family, using the instrument WHOQOL-BREF developed by OMS with 26 questions, which describes the quality of life in relation to social, biological, physical and psychological determinants studied during 2016. SPSS20program was used with frequency measurements, standard deviation, and chi square. Results: the average age was 70 years. The 60% (42) of seniors reported perceive their quality of life as average and 40% (28) perceived as bad, while 57.1% refer families (40 ) for average quality of life and 41.5% (29) low. According satisfaction with their health 30% will answered satisfactorily, however little dissatisfied 34.3% and 25.7% very dissatisfied, the best results were men, married primary school level and living with their partners.