Especialidad en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria
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Item Determinantes en la falta de control de natalidad y la presencia de embarazos no deseados en el primer nivel de atención(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Zurita Aldas, Lissette Maricela Md.; Bustillos Solórzano, Marcos Edisson Md. Esp.Birth control is any medication or instrument action that can be used to prevent pregnancy which can be influenced by different factors, triggering unwanted pregnancies. The present study aims to analyze the determinants of the lack of birth control and the presence of unwanted pregnancies at the first level of care, through a qualitative study based on hermeneutic phenomenology, with a total of 81 participants. Prior informed consent, a semi-structured interview analyzed using Excel software was applied, which allows the reduction of information, transformation, and interpretation through content analysis. Among the determinants found, the social ones stand out, such as having a family relationship of cohabitation, low economic level, housework, secondary level, counseling received by their partners and the behavioral characteristics are the use of modern and natural methods, mainly interrupted coitus, erroneous beliefs and beginning of sexual experiences in adolescence. Concluding that the culture of birth control is present in the population by showing that 72% have used some method to avoid getting pregnant, however, social factors such as low economic resources, low level of education, rural population, empirical advice by their partners, creates barriers to the correct use and accessibility of methods with subsequent unwanted pregnancies.Item Rol de la educación nutricional en la ganancia de peso que logran las gestantes atendidas en el primer nivel de atención(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Santana Barreno, Carmen Imelda Md.; Castro Acosta, Norma del Carmen Dra. . Esp. Ginecología y ObstetriciaFeeding in pregnant women when performing nutritional and energy needs must comply with eating behaviors that promote the development of the fetus and the health and well-being of the pregnant woman. The research focused on determining whether nutrition education has a relationship with weight gain in pregnant women who attend prenatal care at the Patate Health Center type "B. The methodology applied in this research has a quantitative approach, with an inductive-analytical research and with a descriptive scope. For the research, the universe of pregnant women who attended prenatal control during 2020 was considered, where 152 patients were identified, of which 135 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The age they presented was from 16 to 44 years, in those who began their pregnancy with normal weight prevailed insufficient gain in 43.5%, in those overweight, adequate gain in 42.6%, in obese, excessive gain in 64.7% and the low weight group in equal percentage for insufficient and excess gain. When the correlation between the two variables was carried out, a value of p=0.490 was obtained. Concluding that, there is no significant value among the variables studied, thus understanding that nutritional education alone does not generate changes in weight gain during pregnancy; that is, the existence of other factors that intervene in the expected weight gain at the end of pregnancy must be considered.Item Factores que influyen en la aceptación de la nueva condición de adulto mayor en una parroquia rural(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Sánchez Freire, Alejandra Monserrath Md.; Meléndez Herrera, Mónica Cecilia Dra. Esp.The research focused on determining whether ethnic self-identification and sex influence the acceptance of aging in older adults in the Pilahuín parish. The methodology applied in the present investigation has a quantitative approach, in addition, it had an analytical investigation with a descriptive and correlational scope. For the research, the adult population over 65 years old belonging to the different communities of the Pilahuín Parish was considered, the sample was determined by EPI INFO with a total of 206 participants, calculated with confidence limits of 5%, design effect equal at 1, confidence level of 95% and expected frequency of 50%, it is concluded that there is no significant value between the study variables, thus understanding that gender or ethnic self-identification influence the acceptance of aging.Item Funcionalidad familiar y adherencia terapéutica farmacológica de pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 de una unidad de atención primaria de salud(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Salvador Bonilla, Ivonne Alexandra Md; Paucar Llapapasca, Sixto Duberli Md. Esp.Frequently, diabetic patients do not achieve the proposed control objectives, one of the main causes of non-adherence to pharmacological treatment, which is sometimes linked to the lack of control in the family that determines the interest in taking the prescribed medication. In this virtue, the objective of the research is to determine the relationship between the Family functionality and pharmacological therapeutic adherence of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The research methodology is quantitative, field, descriptive. The sample consists of 60 patients with diabetes, to whom the Family Functioning Questionnaire FF-SIL and the Morisky Green Test were applied. The resultados obtained are: the most representative age group is that of 56 to 64 years with 30% followed by the group between 48 and 55 years with 23%. 70% of diabetic patients have primary education, The 8,3% of the families are functional, while 91,9% present some degree of dysfunction, being moderately funcional those that prevail with 53,3% followed by dysfunctional with 30%, 51,7% are noncompliant wiht treatment and 48,3% adhere to pharmacological treatment. There is a relationship between funtionality and drug adherence in tipo 2 diabetic patients (chi square 0f 14.630 hidher than in the distribution table 7.8147, whit degress of freedom of 3 and a significance leve lof 0,05). An intervention strategy is developed as a proposal for the participation of the family in the pharmacological therapeutic adherence of Type 2 diabetic patients from a first level care unitItem Conocimiento y autoexploración mamaria como prevención de cáncer de mama en mujeres que asisten al primer nivel de atención(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Quishpe Molina, María del Carmen Md.; Iza Anguisaca, Freddy Bayardo Dr.Knowledge and breast self-examination is a procedure that allows the identification of different pathologies in women, so self-examination or early detection strategies reduce morbidity and mortality around this disease. The research to determine the knowledge about breast self-examination in women from 20 to 60 years of age during the period January-December 2020. The methodology applied in this study is observational, descriptive and cross-sectional with pretest - posttest and a control group. The sample population is made up of 195 women who attend the Alaquez health center, to whom a questionnaire and observation sheet are applied, whose purpose is to collect through a survey; sociodemographic characteristics, the level of knowledge on the subject and determine the components to design the strategy. The data obtained will be processed in Excel 2010 spreadsheets, Windows 7 version, and Pearson's confirmation will be performed using the IBM SPSS Statistics 21 program, where the relationship will be determined: the low level of knowledge about breast self-examination can be a result. for an incorrect application as a technique to determine breast cancer in women who attend xvi the Aláquez Health Center belonging to the Latacunga Canton, Cotopaxi Province during the period January - December 2020.Item Síndrome de burnout en amas de casa y su relación con la funcionalidad familiar(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Peñaherrera Calvopiña, María Victoria Md.; Mayorga Ortiz, William Rubén Md. EspecialistaBurnout syndrome today represents a major health problem, especially for professionals where person-to-person contact occurs. For many years, this pathology has been studied in health, education, and customer service professionals. However, this can happen in many areas, such as housewives, where the long hours of work and stress pose a danger to women's health and the normal functioning of the family. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between the presence of burnout syndrome in housewives and family functioning at the primary care level. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional, and non-experimental study that included 137 housewives residing in the Juan Montalvo parish who attend the San Buenaventura health center in the province of Cotopaxi, between August 2020 and November 2021. Age The average age of the sample is 33 years old. Ethnicity, marital status, and family responsibilities were taken into consideration for the study. Two LinkedIn-style surveys were applied with prior consent, CUBAC (Burnout Questionnaire for Housewives) and FFSIL (Family Activity Perception Test). The results were: Risk of suffering from burnout syndrome: 58.9% of the women surveyed presented a high risk of suffering from the syndrome, 40.1% medium risk and 1.5% low risk. On the other hand, the family functionality tests showed that 41.6% are moderately functional; 30.7% are dysfunctional families; 20.4% are xiv functional and only 7.3% are severely dysfunctional. The alternative hypothesis was verified using the Chi2 statistical test, where the p value was 0.001; with 95% CI and 6 degrees of freedom. It was concluded that there is a statistically significant relationship between the study variables, that is, the risk of suffering from Burnout Syndrome is high in housewives and there is a direct relationship with dysfunctional families.Item Cumplimiento de la guía de hipertensión arterial del ministerio de salud pública como indicador de calidad en el primer nivel(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Moposita Flores, Silvia Yolanda Md.; Cruz Castillo, Yessenia Magaly Md. Esp.The purpose of thisresearch wasto analyze compliance with the Hypertension Clinical Practice Guideline (HTN) as an indicator of quality at the first level by the health personnel of the Quisapincha Health Center. Chronic arterial hypertension is a highly prevalent pathology that requires optimal control. The methodology used was based on the quantitative and qualitative approach, in the bibliographic, field and correlational modality. The study population consisted of 150 patients diagnosed with hypertension. For the collection of data, the electronic medical records of the Health Care Registration Platform (PRAS) were used, according to the recommendations established by the Clinical Practice Guide for Arterial Hypertension, the information collection instrument called Data Sheet was designed. observation; In addition, a structured interview was applied to health professionals, it was carried out with the data obtained from January to December 2020. The results obtained determined that the calculation of cardiovascular risk was only carried out in 4.7% of the patients, a Timely control to improve blood pressure figures and prevent possible future complications. Follow-up laboratory tests every six months were not performed in 68% of patients. It is concluded that the quality of care in patients with hypertension is medium low, which is why the need to implement a monitoring and control program for patients with chronic arterial hypertension through the planning of education, awareness and compliance activities is raised. of the recommendations established in the clinical practice guideItem Grados de retinopatía en pacientes con diagnóstico de hipertensión arterial en el primer nivel de atención(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Mantilla Alvear, Andrés Esteban Md.; Oviedo Guarderas, Nelson Edmundo Dr. Esp.Item Aspectos socioculturales en la elección del método anticonceptivo en población rural(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) López Pinta, María José; Velastegui Pérez, Mariana Isabel Md. Esp.The main objective of this study was to determine the sociocultural aspects in the choice of contraceptive method in rural population. Family planning encompasses a series of care in relation to the sexual and reproductive health of the couple, focused on three different moments working with couples or users who are looking for a pregnancy or in turn wish to plan it, the next guiding family planning advice and lastly, support for couples with fertility problems. The methodology used was quantitative, bibliographic and descriptive, in terms of the sample was made up of 140 people, the same ones that are part of the population corresponding to the health unit met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results determined that 24.3% of the population does not seek a contraceptive method. 65.7% of those surveyed consider that religious or cultural beliefs did influence when deciding to use a contraceptive method. 62.9% stated that the way their partner participates in the choice of the contraceptive method is by mutual agreement. Regarding the factors of social or family pressure in their environment, 35.8% always or almost always influenced their decision and the customs of the community with 35.1% on the same scale referred to. It is concluded that the decisions are influenced at a medium level by the customs of the community, social and family pressure, as well as religion.Item Satisfacción laboral y su relación con la cohesión familiar en trabajadores de la industria florícola(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) González Freire, José Alejandro Md.; García Macías, Carmina Alexandra Dra. Esp.The present investigation was carried out in the Mulalillo parish, located in the Salcedo canton, Cotopaxi province, during the period between 2020 and 2021, with the participation of the workers of the floricultural industry of the sector, it included data from their families and the relationship between job satisfaction and family cohesion, the study carried out is justified because it presented theoretical value, practical utility, social relevance, for its convenience and based on the family and community benefits that the entire population will have. The job satisfaction of each worker was analyzed separately and was related to family cohesion in their home, research carried out and bibliographic data related work with the family positively and negatively, according to different factors that involve all members of the household, the degree of family cohesion was given by the dynamics of its members, and the ability to face various problems, that is why primary care tries to integrate the family within health benefits by providing comprehensive care to each member, for separately and together at home. The research had a quantitative, descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional approach, the data obtained were collected through duly validated instruments such as the Family Functioning Assessment Scale test (FACES III) and the Job Satisfaction Test S20/23 over a period of time, with which we determined the relationship of the variables, the statistical program SSPS version 25 was used to determine the statistical significance, the Pearson chi-square test was used to xvicorrelate the variables, obtaining a value p < 0.05, concluding that there was a relationship relationship between job satisfaction and family cohesion of workers in the flower industry. The entire study was carried out under the guidelines of the Ministry of Public Health and the Technical University of Ambato, through the proposal we will provide comprehensive health to the family.