Especialidad en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria
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Item Factores asociados para el aparecimiento de la osteoartrosis de mano en adultos mayores(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Tisalema Tipán, Henri Darwin Md.; Borja Tapia, Patricia Elisabeth Dra.The objective of the present investigation is to know the factors associated with the manifestation of osteoarthritis of the hand in the elderly population of the Panzaleo Health Center, the study has a mixed investigation, that is, it has a qualitative and quantitative approach with a concurrent triangulation design and a documentary bibliographic and field research modality. The study sample is comprised of 117 older adults between 65 and 90 years of age, a COPCORD questionnaire was applied, the data were processed and tabulated in Microsoft Excel, on the other hand, for the hypothesis testing, the statistical software was considered. SPSS, Pearson's correlation coefficient was applied. Among the main results is that among the factors associated with the manifestation of the disease are comorbidities such as diabetes, obesity, aspects such as age, female gender (65.81%), work history such as working or having worked in activities where exercise is carried out (85.47 %) or repetition of activities (64.10%) and among the prevalence is that 100% of those evaluated suffer from osteoarthritis of the hand. It is concluded that there is a presence of associated factors such as obesity, diabetes, age because the range of manifestation ranges from 65 years onwards, there is a predominance of the female gender, also, work history was considered an important factor because the activities that they carry out at present and that they carried out previously influence the manifestation of the disease, also, there is a history of rheumatic diseases in the familyItem Factores de Riesgo Cardiovascular y Estilos de vida, en Adolescentes Escuela Fiscal Federico González Suárez, Sector EU05. San Miguel-Salcedo. 2015-2016(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Cando Cando, Irma de los Ángeles Dra.; Vázquez Cedeño Dr. Esp.,Jorge LuisCurrently cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in all countries of the world, its clinical manifestations are evident in adulthood, but cardiovascular risk factors, often are already present since childhood and adolescence. Objective. Identify cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyle, adolescents school tax Federico Gonzalez Suarez, the EU05 Sector San Miguel-Salcedo. 2015-2016. Methodology. The field study was transversal and relational, a universe of 254 adolescents of both sexes. The sample was calculated using the statistical program Epidat version 3.0, the 158 participating schools were selected by simple random sampling. Inclusion criteria: adolescents who agreed to participate voluntarily and had signed informed consent by the guardian. The study considered the ethical principle of Helsinki. All weight and height were measured and BMI was calculated; Blood pressure was measured; waist circumference; biochemical measurements of blood glucose, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides were performed; plus a survey on diet, physical activity and sedentary lifestyle was applied. The results were performed with SPSS version 20. To determine the statistical significance between cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyles, the Chi square test (x2) was used with p <0,05.The results reported overweight 24,1%, obesity 19,6%, abdominal obesity 19%, prehypertension 2,5%, hypertension 3,8%, impaired fasting glucose 17,7%, hypercholesterolemia 47,5%, high LDL cholesterol 62,7%, low HDL colesterol 30,4%, hypertriglyceridemia 43.7%. Regarding lifestyles, changes need 75.9%, perform light physical activity 39,2%, and 22,2% were sedentary activity. Conclusions. No statistical significance between cardiovascular risk factors and lifestyles of teenagers, but several cardiovascular risk factors such as overweight, impaired fasting glucose, low HDL cholesterol and high triglycerides predominated in women was found, while, general obesity, abdominal obesity, high blood pressure, total cholesterol and high LDL cholesterol were present in males, so it is important to promote healthy lifestyles.Item Factores que Influyen sobre la Adherencia Terapéutica en la Hipertensión Arterial, Parroquia San Andrés(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Mayra Alexandra Md., Chiluiza Ramírez; Salvador, Vidal Revé Dr. Esp.Background: The lack of adherence in hypertensive patients represent a high health costs, as the asymptomatic nature of hypertensive disease. Objective. To determine the factors influencing adherence in patients with hypertension Parish San Andrés del Píllaro Canton. January-August 2015. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study in which a population of 110 hypertensive patients (65.5% female, predominant age group 50 to 59 years) dispensarizados by family and hypertensive tab and treated at the Health Center of San Andrés was used. the Martin-Bayarre-Grau (MBG) questionnaire was used to assess the level of adherence, and an interview to assess the various associated factors based on the 2004 WHO report. Results. Adherents total 45% according Morinsky-Green, total 13.6% according MBG adherents, not adherents 48.2% and 38.2% Little adherents. Adherence according showed significant dependence between variables such as education level (p = 0.000), satisfaction with care received from the doctor (p = 0.000), medical indications given clearly and in writing (p = 0.000). Availability of the drug (p = 0.049). Conclusion. The study population has low levels of adherence associated with low education, low knowledge of pathology, protective factors are the level of satisfaction with medical care, poor grip level also was linked to oblivion by the patient, often taking medication and the number of medicines for treatmentItem "Factores de riesgo preconcepcionales asociados a la interculturalidad. Parroquia Salasaca. Enero – Diciembre 2016"(Universidad Técnica de Ambato.- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud .- Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Torres Paredes,Verónica Imelda Md.; Soler Santana,Raxsy Dra. Esp.EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Introduction: Maternal mortality is a major public health problem worldwide. Timely detection of preconception reproductive risk factors, with intercultural approach allows early comprehensive care of women of childbearing age. Objective: To determine the preconception risk factors in women of childbearing age Salasaca, January to December 2015. Method: An observational research was conducted descriptive cross. The study population consisted of 260 women of childbearing age, who met the inclusion criteria, belonging to the communities Center, Zanjaloma Alto and Bajo de la Salasaca parish. Results: It was observed that the predominant age group in women aged 20 to 34 with 58.5%, preponderating indigenous with 43.5%; schooling at the primary level stood with 71.9%, with the highest percentage of indigenous; the women engaged in household chores led with 29.2%, being higher among indigenous; the average economic situation prevailed for 80.0%. It was found that the intergenesic risk period with 55.8%, followed by multiparity and abortion to repeat with 44.2 and 28.8% respectively, were the unfavorable risk factors that prevailed, with rheumatoid arthritis personal pathological history that prevailed with 35.3% ; and as toxic habits, alcohol consumption stood for 14.6%.Item Factores que influyen sobre la adherencia terapéutica en la hipertensión arterial, Parroquia San Andrés(Universidad Técnica de Ambato.- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud .- Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Chiluiza Ramírez, Mayra Alexandra Md.; Salvador Dr. Esp, Vidal RevéBackground: The lack of adherence in hypertensive patients represent a high health costs, as the asymptomatic nature of hypertensive disease. Objective. To determine the factors influencing adherence in patients with hypertension Parish San Andrés del Píllaro Canton. January-August 2015. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study in which a population of 110 hypertensive patients (65.5% female, predominant age group 50 to 59 years) dispensarizados by family and hypertensive tab and treated at the Health Center of San Andrés was used. the Martin-Bayarre-Grau (MBG) questionnaire was used to assess the level of adherence, and an interview to assess the various associated factors based on the 2004 WHO report. Results. Adherents total 45% according Morinsky-Green, total 13.6% according MBG adherents, not adherents 48.2% and 38.2% Little adherents. Adherence according showed significant dependence between variables such as education level (p = 0.000), satisfaction with care received from the doctor (p = 0.000), medical indications given clearly and in writing (p = 0.000). Availability of the drug (p = 0.049). Conclusion. The study population has low levels of adherence associated with low education, low knowledge of pathology, protective factors are the level of satisfaction with medical care, poor grip level also was linked to oblivion by the patient, often taking medication and the number of medicines for treatmentItem Factores laborales asociados a la Intoxicación crónica por inhibidores de la Colinesterasa en trabajadores agrícolas de San Vicente, Cantón Quero 2015-2016(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Robalino Travez, Teresa LilianaMd.; Sunta Ruiz Dr. Esp, Mario LeopoldoIntroduction: A global pesticide use has increased, which implies a risk for the working population, but unfortunately did not use the correct protective equipment that relates for lack of knowledge, so that there is direct exposure. So the World Health Organization estimates that worldwide more than 750,000 people would present some kind of chronic effect by being in contact with pesticides Objective: To identify factors related to occupational chronic exposure to cholinesterase inhibitors in farm workers, San Vicente, Quero 2015-2016. Methodology: an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study presents the universe of study constituted 200 farm workers took a sample of 97 but only 78 met the inclusion criteria. Results: It was noted that there is a misuse of pesticides by lack of information and training in 67% of agricultural workers. Protective equipment used boots were 100%, 20.5% mask and gloves 3.8%. In addition low levels of erythrocyte cholinesterase was identified in 84.4% of men and 39.9% in women, exposure time in years and the frequency of use is directly proportional; therefore the longer and more often exposed percent have low values. By analyzing neurological, neuropsychological and cognitive disorders, both men and women had involvement at all scaleItem Impacto de Estrategia Educativa que Influye sobre Factores Socioculturales en Aceptación de Métodos Anticonceptivos, Santa Rosa de Pichul, 2015-2016(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Silvana Paola Md., Parra Robalino; Misladys Dra. Esp., Baldemira Álvarez,Family planning consists of several methods used by couples or individuals with an active sexuality which aims to prevent pregnancy, also includes the voluntary choice of some form of contraception. Despite the implementation of the Strategy of Information, Education and Communication and the wide availability and accessibility of different control methods existing fertility in women of childbearing age in the community of Santa Rosa de Pichul, low uptake was observed to use contraception so an educational strategy was implemented to raise the level of information this objective is to evaluate the impact of the educational strategy followed in Primary Health Care influencing sociocultural factors for acceptance of contraceptive use Santa Rosa de Pichul, 2015-2016. The Methodology. Of this investigation is qualitative and quantitative research; mode field of analytical type, quasi-experimental, longitudinal prospective pre-post design with one group. Study universe: women of childbearing age (15-49 years) from the community of Santa Rosa de Pichul 2015-2016. The results were factors that influenced the acceptance of contraceptive use were age, marital status, occupation, education level, marriage, number of children and mainly cultural group; The level of information rose by 63.5% and acceptance increased by 22.3%. The conclusions are individual, social and cultural factors are related to the low level of contraceptive information, negatively influencing the acceptance of using them. The cultural group is the main influential factor in this acceptance, the impact of the strategy was positive because it raised the level of information and increased acceptance of contraceptive useItem Morbilidad oculta de Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2, prediabetes y factores de riesgo en San Miguelito: Barrios el Centro y Yacupamba año 2016(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Corella Galarza,Cristian Alexander Md.; Bracero Tobar Dr. Esp,Wellington IvarObjectives: Determine the incidence of type 2 diabetes , impaired Fasting glucose and Risk factor's in San Miguelito neighborhoods: Centro and Yacupamba, 2016 and identify the epidemiological, clinical and anthropometric characteristics of prediabetes and type 2 diabetics. Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study in people over 45 years of the community of San Miguelito: Neighborhoods The Center and Yacupamba 2016. The sample consisted of 166 people calculated using EPI INFO version 7. The sample selection was done by stratified random sampling using the random number generation. FIND RISK test was applied to all patients and laboratory tests performed: fasting glucose test and oral glucose tolerance. Results: The incidence of type 2 diabetes was 2,4%, impaired Fasting glucose 9%. Predominance females , housewives , farmers and traders. People over 64 were the most incidence of impaired Fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes presented. There was statistically significant association between family pathological history, altered prior glycemia, the body mass index and waist circumference increased the risk for impaired Fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes (p=0,001). The categories of high risk and very high risk according to the test find presented with 16.9 % and 1.85 % respectively. Conclusions: Results of this study show that the findings are consistent with other studies supported internationally. The results confirm the strong association between life styles of preventable diet, exercise, overweight with impaired Fasting glucose and type 2 diabetes. The importance of primary care in a timely capture patients with risk factors, and therefore the development of early education programs that promote healthy lifestyles.Item Diabetes gestacional y factores de riesgo en gestantes atendidas en los centros de salud Quero y Cevallos, Enero 2016-Junio 2016.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Freire Montesdeoca, Jèssica Mariana.Dra.; Mera Ramos Dr. Esp,Gerardo VinicioGestational diabetes is carbohydrate intolerance resulting in hyperglycaemia that is first diagnosed during pregnancy. The diagnosis is made with glycemia of 92mg / dL or higher numbers at any gestational age a screening still necessary to test Oral Glucose Tolerance (OGTT) 75g gestational age of 24 to 28 weeks. Objective: To determine the incidence of gestational diabetes and risk factors associated in pregnant women who come to receive care in Quero Health Centers and Cevallos. Methodology: observational, descriptive, transversal, 328 pregnant women through a semi-structured form Study. Conclusions: With the two diagnostic tests (glucose and OGTT) the incidence was 14%, being altered (8.2%) glycemia, and OGTT altered (5.8%). The risk factors most representative regarding diagnosis are multiparity (8.9%), age over 25 years (10.3%), body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 25 kg / m2 (8.9%). Recommendations: Give a timely diagnosis and to identify risk factors for proper control and management of gestational diabetes.Item Evaluación de la dherencia terapéutica y factores influyentes en pacientes hipertensos, sector Er05, San Marcos, 2016(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Cañar Jiménez, Miryan Janeth Md.,; Castell-Florit Caballero Dr. Esp, AbelHypertension (HTA) has a high prevalence in the Ecuadorian population. Treatment includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological alternatives. Is an important public health problem, despite advances in detection, treatment and control, many patients have difficulty adhering to treatment, considering that one of the main causes lies in the personal, family, drug-related and with health services. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with 69 hypertensive patients in the Health Center San Marcos period 2015-2016. people older than 35 years were included with previous diagnosis of hypertension composed of 46 women (66.7%) and 23 men (33.3%) a survey through which information no pharmacological and pharmacological treatment was applied was obtained patients on adherence to treatment; a scale to assess the degree of adherence of patients was used. The results achieved: 4 patients with total adherence, 63 and 2 partial adhesion without adhesion, alternative hypothesis is approved by Chi square (X2), where the personal, family and health systems influence adherence. Implementing the educational strategy a culture of compliance to treatment it will be created over time.