Especialidad en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria
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Item Deterioro cognitivo en el adulto mayor y su relación con la funcionalidad familiar(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Bustamante Yánez, Diego Fernando Md.; Patricio, Rodrigo Maldonado Dr. Esp.Introduction: Aging produces physiological changes that produce symptoms, which are organized into geriatric syndromes, one of the main ones is cognitive impairment, which can produce functional limitations, making older adults dependent on caregivers and generally This responsibility falls on the family group, leading to problems that alter family functionality. Objective: To determine cognitive impairment in the elderly and its relationship with family functionality. Methodology: An investigation was carried out with a quantitative and qualitative approach, with a cross-sectional. epidemiological design. 65 years or more who belong to the Pataín neighborhood of the Panzaleo Parish. The sample was determined, by nonprobabilistic convenience sampling, as it was a small population, in this sense, the sample was 141 participants older than 65 years of age or older who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria, at Two instruments were applied, the first for the assessment of cognitive impairment Photo test and the perception test of family functioning (FF-SIL), for the assessment of family functionality. Results: It was determined that cognitive impairment in older adults is 30%, dementia in 2%, dysfunctional families and severely dysfunctional families in 36% and 11% respectively, in addition there is a statistically significant association with a p <0.005 between cognitive impairment and alterations in family functionality, on the other hand, it was found that there are demographic factors such as educational level and age that are associated with cognitive impairment. Conclusion: Cognitive alterations in the elderly are underdiagnosed, which determine problems of family functionality. Timely diagnosis as well as proper management, where health personnel participate in the whole with the family, are valid strategies to maintain an older adult and a functional familyItem Influencia del cuidado familiar en la capacidad funcional de adultos mayores de la parroquia Picaihua.(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Toro Portero, Sofía Elizabeth, Md.; Mayorga Ortiz, William Rubén Dr. EspAt present, a significant increase in the population of the elderly is estimated and according to the United Nations it is estimated that by 2025 worldwide it is in an accelerated process of aging that can reach 11 billion older adults, and at the level In Latin America, this value will quadruple, creating the appropriate importance at the level of primary health care because new challenges will be raised that help maintain functional capacity, this is measured by quality of life because aging is considered as a natural that occurs in life in an accelerated way (1). To analyze this problem it is necessary to mention that there are figures that illustrate the demographic behavior of population aging. According to the United Nations, the calculation is obtained that in 1950 there were around 200 million people 60 years of age or older worldwide. In 1975, this number had increased to 350 million people. It has been shown that, in those over 65 years of age, in 85% of these cases the family is caring, mostly their daughters, three out of four are older 45 years, and the vast majority are unemployed for devoting their time to the care of dependent elderly adults¸ focusing their lives on care obligations, relating their care to a moral duty, on other occasions the relationship with care with sacrifice and renounce Perform other activities. Being the economic part an impediment to be able to hire a person who takes care of the care (2). xv Ecuador also experiences this phenomenon, which is undoubtedly reflected in the Picaihua Parish where this research is carried out, whose general objective is to establish the relationship between the determinants that influence family care to maintain the daily functional capacity of a group of older adults belonging to the Picaihua Parish where it is proposed to carry out an investigation with a qualitative approach related to its design with grounded, observational, descriptive, and crosssectional theory. For this research project, 30 older adults with their respective caregivers were selected through a convenience sampling, from whom information was obtained by applying the Katz scale aimed at the older adult and a semi-structured interview with caregivers after signing an informed consent. This information was transcribed and analyzed according to the Theory based on the ATLAS.ti software. The study is characterized by presenting a connotation based on observable behavior and behavior in which the data obtained helps to determine the state of health of the patient receiving geriatric care in relation to the degree of functional capacity of the geriatric population. located in the rural area of Picaihua parish in the canton Ambato.Item Factores asociados para el aparecimiento de la osteoartrosis de mano en adultos mayores(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Tisalema Tipán, Henri Darwin Md.; Borja Tapia, Patricia Elisabeth Dra.The objective of the present investigation is to know the factors associated with the manifestation of osteoarthritis of the hand in the elderly population of the Panzaleo Health Center, the study has a mixed investigation, that is, it has a qualitative and quantitative approach with a concurrent triangulation design and a documentary bibliographic and field research modality. The study sample is comprised of 117 older adults between 65 and 90 years of age, a COPCORD questionnaire was applied, the data were processed and tabulated in Microsoft Excel, on the other hand, for the hypothesis testing, the statistical software was considered. SPSS, Pearson's correlation coefficient was applied. Among the main results is that among the factors associated with the manifestation of the disease are comorbidities such as diabetes, obesity, aspects such as age, female gender (65.81%), work history such as working or having worked in activities where exercise is carried out (85.47 %) or repetition of activities (64.10%) and among the prevalence is that 100% of those evaluated suffer from osteoarthritis of the hand. It is concluded that there is a presence of associated factors such as obesity, diabetes, age because the range of manifestation ranges from 65 years onwards, there is a predominance of the female gender, also, work history was considered an important factor because the activities that they carry out at present and that they carried out previously influence the manifestation of the disease, also, there is a history of rheumatic diseases in the familyItem Influencia del cuidado familiar en la capacidad funcional de adultos mayores de la parroquia Picaihua(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Sofía Elizabeth, Toro Portero Md.; Mayorga Ortiz, William Rubén Dr. Esp.At present, a significant increase in the population of the elderly is estimated and according to the United Nations it is estimated that by 2025 worldwide it is in an accelerated process of aging that can reach 11 billion older adults, and at the level In Latin America, this value will quadruple, creating the appropriate importance at the level of primary health care because new challenges will be raised that help maintain functional capacity, this is measured by quality of life because aging is considered as a natural that occurs in life in an accelerated way (1). To analyze this problem it is necessary to mention that there are figures that illustrate the demographic behavior of population aging. According to the United Nations, the calculation is obtained that in 1950 there were around 200 million people 60 years of age or older worldwide. In 1975, this number had increased to 350 million people. It has been shown that, in those over 65 years of age, in 85% of these cases the family is caring, mostly their daughters, three out of four are older 45 years, and the vast majority are unemployed for devoting their time to the care of dependent elderly adults¸ focusing their lives on care obligations, relating their care to a moral duty, on other occasions the relationship with care with sacrifice and renounce Perform other activities. Being the economic part an impediment to be able to hire a person who takes care of the care (2). Ecuador also experiences this phenomenon, which is undoubtedly reflected in the Picaihua Parish where this research is carried out, whose general objective is to xv establish the relationship between the determinants that influence family care to maintain the daily functional capacity of a group of older adults belonging to the Picaihua Parish where it is proposed to carry out an investigation with a qualitative approach related to its design with grounded, observational, descriptive, and crosssectional theory. For this research project, 30 older adults with their respective caregivers were selected through a convenience sampling, from whom information was obtained by applying the Katz scale aimed at the older adult and a semi-structured interview with caregivers after signing an informed consent. This information was transcribed and analyzed according to the Theory based on the ATLAS.ti software. The study is characterized by presenting a connotation based on observable behavior and behavior in which the data obtained helps to determine the state of health of the patient receiving geriatric care in relation to the degree of functional capacity of the geriatric population. located in the rural area of Picaihua parish in the canton Ambato.Item Calidad de vida y depresión en los adultos mayores del sector rural, parroquia Juan Benigno Vela.(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Salvador Aguilar, Andrea Daniela Md.; Vela Chasiluisa, Mayra Alexandra Dra. Esp.In this context, the research seeks to demonstrate the relationship between depression and quality of life in the elderly in the rural parish of Juan Benigno Vela, depression is a mood disorder that interferes with the quality of life of 65-year-olds henceforth, depressive levels and dimensions of quality of life are investigated, and thus, assess at what level older adults are, from their own perspective (1). The elderly deserve a dignified life; however, this is not always the case, there are certain diseases such as depression that empower this group of people, affecting certain spheres such as social, physical and psychological (2). Therefore, the cause that affects the quality of life must be reversed, and thus restore health so that the person feels life positively (3). This research provides information on the relationship between depression and quality of life, which in the future will allow effective interventions that contribute to the health field.Item Determinantes socioculturales relacionados con el grado de dependencia y autocuidado del adulto mayor, barrio San Juan, Latacunga(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Posso López, Giovanna Paulina Md.; Dra. Meléndez Herrera, Mónica Cecilia Esp.Functionality in the elderly is part of a main axis for actions aimed at strengthening aging, as opposed to the increase in this age group. The various physical conditions or chronic pathologies have a negative effect on their functional capacity, which is why control actions are required in order to reduce dependency that contributes to further deterioration. This research has a quantitative, descriptive approach, with a cross-section of older adults in the Community of San Juan Latacunga in the period from 2019 to 2020. The total of older adults in the community of San Juan is 73 people, data taken from family cards and tests applied to older adults. The sociodemographic and cultural characteristics relevant to the study were: age, sex, marital status, level of education, ethnicity, religion, economic level. For this study, the Katz and Lawton and Brody Test was applied to measure the level of dependency of the older adult. It is evident that 49.32% (36) do not depend on third parties since they maintain their physical health, 36.99% (27) have a slight dependency, 2.74% (2) a moderate dependency, and as relevant data from the study, 10.96% (8) have a serious dependency, I feel related to the high rate of degenerative diseases that impair the vital function of older adults. The perception of self-care and the level of dependency are inversely proportional, since the greater the dependency, the less self-care will beItem Factores que influyen en el envejecimiento activo de la población adulta mayor de la sierra ecuatoriana(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Gutierrez Martinez, Victoria Noemi Md.; Maldonado, Patricio Rodrigo Dr. Esp.Active aging is a continuous process in the development of the human being that is physical, biological and social that is built every day to achieve the capacities of each person. The present Investigative work focuses on determining the factors that influence the active aging of the older adult population, especially the social networks of the Santa Lucía and La Primavera neighborhoods of the Antonio José Holguín parish. It is a research with a mixed field approach and a descriptive cross-sectional observational section and the population registered in the Antonio José Holguín Health Center type A was considered. The participants in this study are older adults aged 65 years and over belonging to the Santa Lucia and La Primavera neighborhoods. The sample was determined a priori based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria in 30 older adults. The comprehensive geriatric scale of the Ministry of Public Health and semi-structured interview of the researcher were used and it was analyzed with the EViews 10 program through linear regression and categories. The following results are obtained: 53.3% are female, 50% have an incomplete secondary general education, 73.3% live with a family member with good relationships. Physical wellbeing is evidenced. 90% of the participants are independent in basic activities of daily life, and 63% need some help in instrumental activities. In relation to social welfare, 67% present a low social risk due to having an active social and family participation. 50% of the elderly in this study used the cell phone as a means of communication, 90% television and 86.7% radio. 87% of seniors have friends and meet weekly. 60% of the elderly participate in programs carried out in the Santa Lucia and La Primavera neighborhoods of the Antonio José Holguín parish. There is a relationship between physical, mental and social well-being with the use of social networks.