Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas

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    Evaluación de vulnerabilidad sísmica de edificaciones de estructuras metálicas en la parroquia Huachi Loreto, Ambato, Ecuador: Propuesta de reforzamiento estructural de una edificación representativa
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2024-05) Balseca Pinos, Edgar Rafael; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego Sebastián
    The city of Ambato is one of the areas with high seismic hazard in Ecuador, this parameter combined with the vulnerability of the buildings and the level of exposure, represent the level of seismic risk that could occur in seismic events. The seismic vulnerability of buildings allows us to quantify structural damage based on their own characteristics, being the only variable that can be influenced to reduce the level of risk, since it depends on aspects such as the type of structural system, presence of irregularities in plan and elevation, level of maintenance of the building, application of regulations and building codes. For this reason, it was essential to evaluate the existing metal structure buildings in the parish of Huachi Loreto, to provide an overview of the degree of vulnerability and seismic risk index that they present, and thus, apply a detailed vulnerability analysis for one of the most representative buildings and design a proposal for structural strengthening. To evaluate the seismic vulnerability, approved methodologies of rapid visual inspection were used through the forms established in the NEC 15, FEMA P-154 and FUNVISIS, these formats were adequate to evaluate a wide set of buildings in metal structure and collect general data of the parish Huachi Loreto, which showed that the vulnerability of the buildings is mostly high. Based on this study, the structure called EM09 corresponding to Plaza Pachano was selected to perform a more detailed vulnerability analysis using computational resources to apply the linear static and spectral modal method, with which the limits of floor drifts, basal shear and deflections were checked. The most relevant pathologies were the presence of corrosion, non-prequalified connections, inadequate assembly conditions, local and lateral buckling of the main and secondary elements. The strengthening strategy included increasing the cross-sections of the main elements until they were compact and also changing the secondary elements for more efficient sections. Finally, suggestions were made to maintain the structural system in favorable conditions for serviceability and seismic conditions.