Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas
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Item Desempeño de estructura metálica mediante análisis dinámico con acelerogramas ajustados con espectro medio condicional (CMS)(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022-09) Pérez Galarza, Christian Danilo; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego SebastiánThe present investigation is carried out in Huachi Loreto in Ambato city, starting as a first point, to identify the geological faults near this study site that can contribute to generate a seismic event that affects the structures in the area. Using empirical formulas, the value of the shear wave velocity was obtained based on calculated values, specific to the site, such as the length of the fault, source - study distance, focal depth, expected moment magnitude, and values of the number of blows of the SPT test performed in situ. This shear wave velocity allows determining the type of soil existing in the area according to the ranges established by the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC 2015). Subsequently, an attenuation model was chosen (Montalva) that allows to determine, by applying certain equations called GMPEs (ground motion prediction equations), a possible behavior of the soil based on complementary data to those already mentioned specific to the site such as distance and hypocentral depth. From the GMPE graph and the uniform hazard spectrum (UHS) and applying certain equations determined in the Bakker model, the conditional mean spectrum (CMS) was obtained. The use of this spectrum allowed a comparison of the behavior of a metallic structure proposed in this study, with respect to the elastic spectrum imposed by the NEC. This comparison was made on the basis of the results provided by the nonlinear dynamic analysis (time-history), through which the performance of the same structure subjected to scaled seismic events was determined with respect to the CMS and the NEC spectrum. It was obtained as a result that the seismic demand produced by the NEC spectrum is greater than that produced by the CMS, since the pseudospectral accelerations have a great difference between these spectra, which is why the maximum displacements and drifts are reduced by approximately 65 percent by applying the CMS in the present investigation.Item Capacidad sísmica residual de un edificio reforzado con perfilería metálica usando análisis no lineal en la ciudad de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022) Cisneros Sánchez, Francisco Vinicio; Peñafiel Valla, Lourdes GabrielaTo start with the execution of this project we took into account a building located in the city of Ambato, province of Tungurahua, this was born due to the informal construction and non-compliance of structural plans and poor quality of materials. The structure was built of reinforced concrete, reinforced with the method of jacketed columns and beams on metal structure, it has 5 floors and its use is residential. The building was studied the different behaviors that it could have with an Occasional, Frequent, Rare and Very Rare earthquake, as recommended by the NEC-2015 through static and dynamic analysis, verifying its current design conditions and concluding that the building complies with current structural design regulations. The seismic capacity of a structure refers to the total energy that it is capable of dissipating during a seismic event and the residual seismic capacity corresponds to the energy that the structure can still dissipate after a seismic event, under which it has not exhausted all its capacity. In the present investigation, the capacity indexes of the building were determined without reinforcing its mezzanine floors, in this behavior there would have been severe damages in a design seismic event and with reinforcement it could have light damages. The seismic capacity reduction factor calculated with the dissipated energy method by the Japanese Damagexviii Assessment Guide (JBDPA 2015) was determined that for an earthquake Frequent Tr=72 years, Occasional Tr=225 years the damage class would be of a level I that could appear fine cracks smaller than 0, 2 mm and in a Rare Tr=475 years and Very Rare Tr=2500 years earthquake, the damage class would be of a level II where the members of the structure could yield and there could be visible cracks at their ends between 0.2 mm to 1.0 mm wide. In order to complete the study, the costs of rehabilitation and maintenance were determined by means of FEMA P-58 in each seismic event, concluding that currently in a frequent, occasional and rare earthquake it is recommended to repair it, but in a very rare seismic event the cost is similar to the current value of the structure and it is recommended to demolish it.Item Reducción de la vulnerabilidad sísmica de estructuras ocupacionales de acero en el cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022-03) Jiménez López, Geovanny Gabriel; López Villacis, Gonzalo EduardoIn this degree work, a seismic vulnerability study is carried out for two representative structures that constitute the typical occupation given to steel buildings constructed within the urban area of Ambato Canton. These buildings, according to the NEC-2015, are categorized as essential and special type structures respectively. As an initial part, a preliminary design check was performed using the design spectrum prepared according to the standard for this sector, where compliance was reviewed in terms of floor drifts, soft floor and torsion in plan. Subsequently, by means of a nonlinear pushover static analysis, the capacity of the structure and its performance level in the presence of moderate and extreme earthquakes were determined. Likewise, certain influences of the infill masonry used in this type of structures were determined, and finally, according to the performance obtained, a reinforcement was proposed through the use of concentric diagonals and energy dissipaters in order to improve their performance level and avoid their collapse.