Maestría en Física Aplicada

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://repositorio.uta.edu.ec/handle/123456789/34153

Browse

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

Evaluación de los efectos de flujo cavitativo en estrangulamiento aplicado a válvulas reductoras hidráulicas
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Física Aplicada, 2022) Méndez Cambell, Guillermo Diego; Hidalgo Díaz, Víctor Hugo
In this master’s thesis, the cavitating flow in a hydraulic valve was investigated, emphasizing the numerical study of the cavitating flow in the globe valve using techniques related to computational fluid dynamics CFD. OpenFoam as free and opensource CFD software was used for the simulation. The main objective is to understand the cavitating phenomenon from the formation to the collapse of the cavity. The necessary methodology was developed to study the different stages in the formation of cavities. Using CAD tools, the geometry of the globe valve was built, and through snappyHexMesh tools, the study domain was optimized. The PIMPLE algorithm was used for the numerical resolution of the governing equations, the turbulence model used is k − ωSST and cavitation models used is Schnerr-Sauer.
Modelo paramétrico de fluidos para gases de combustión de un motor a gasolina extra
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Física Aplicada, 2022) Gavilanes Sani, Jorge Anibal; Hidalgo Díaz, Víctor Hugo
The present investigation is focused on the simulation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) of the combustion gases in an extra gasoline engine using the Ansys software. As a first step, the selection of the input parameters was carried out in order to investigate if they have any influence on the production of combustion gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and unburned hydrocarbons (HNC). Once both the input and output parameters were selected, the levels of each input parameter were established in order to create treatments based on the experimental design (DOE) and building a 3 factorial design with a total of 9 treatments without repetition to proceed. The next step was to use the geometry of the combustion chamber that the software itself provides, build the areas of interest using the Design modeler software, perform the mesh considering meshes in more detail in areas of interest such as the spray and the ignition point using Meshing Autodine software. In the third step, the Navier Stokes equations were solved using the 𝑘 - 𝜀 (RNG) Re-Normalisation Group turbulence model in conjunction with the fuel injection chemistry and the fuel injection model. The last step consists of setting the simulation environment when selecting the ignition model for modeling the turbulence of the flame, defining the boundary conditions and the start of the combustion chamber. The procedure detailed in the previous paragraph was carried out for the 9 treatments proposed by the factorial design and once each of the simulations had been completed, the results obtained during the combustion process that occurred between the angles were analyzed and interpreted. piston displacement from 720 to 740 Crank Angle (CA).
Modelo Paramétrico para la Instalación de un segundo campo de Generadores Eólicos en Villonaco-Loja
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Física Aplicada, 2022) Merchán Gavilánez, Pedro Ángel; Hidalgo Díaz, Víctor Hugo
In the present work, the parametric mathematical models established in this research adequately determine the four possible areas for the installation of a second field of Wind Generators in Villonaco-Loja, which will increase the capacity of the national electricity supply. The polynomial regression model for the data of velocity, pressure and temperature as a function of height is adjusted to 100% so that its distribution obeys polynomial forms of degree one and degree two. The fourier series regression model in discrete time, fits in an average of 96.07%, for the speed as a function of time, where the distribution of the data is very irregular and does not obey any of the established curves, but this behavior is periodic in annual form and scalable in amplitude and time, conditions necessary for the Fourier series to perform the adjustment and approximation of data and allow to understand its behavior. In the time domain, the speed spectrum is obtained by normalizing the dependent variable (𝑉) and the independent variable (𝑡), constituting a base to generate data in other areas of the Villonaco_Loja sector, and in this way establish strategic zones for the generation of electrical energy that will be distributed nationwide, In addition, the established mathematical models are a contribution to the solution of the equations of fluid dynamics.
Modelo paramétrico que representa la generación de gomas en un inyector de motor de cuatro tiempos alimentado por gasolina extra y eco país
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Física Aplicada, 2022) Delgado Rodríguez, Sivananda Salmanazar; Hidalgo Díaz, Víctor Hugo
This research work quantifies the formation of gums in the injector of a gasoline engine. The model, based on the chemical kinetics’ laws, needs pressure curves, temperature, injector temperature, nitrogen oxide concentration, nitrogen monoxide concentration and fuel leakage, with reference to the rotation angle of the crankshaft for an engine cycle, obtained through the engine simulation using Ansys program and the values estimated by literature review. Chemical kinetics is implemented by using a Python code. The analysis is applied with an experimental design of 2^2 , in which the fuel (Extra and Ecopaís) and the injector temperature (T=150 𝑜 𝐶 y T=190 𝑜 𝐶) are varied. The results revealed that the formation of gums is 0.105 [𝜇𝑀/ciclo] for (Extra y T=150 𝑜𝐶), 0.096 [𝜇𝑀/ciclo] for (Ecopaís y T=150 𝑜𝐶), 0.04 [𝜇𝑀/ciclo] for (Extra y T=190 𝑜𝐶), and 0.038 [𝜇𝑀/ciclo] for (Ecopaís y T=190 𝑜𝐶). Formation of gums is greater for Extra fuel than for Ecopaís one, regardless of the temperature of the injector. The variance analysis, the F-statistic=308 higher than the F Critical=161, allows to conclude that temperature is the influential factor in the formation of gums and, their formation is inversely proportional to the injector temperature, without being affected by the type of fuel.
Simulación de los tanques de almacenamiento de la central Illuchi de la empresa eléctrica provincial Cotopaxi ELEPCO S.A mediante dinámica de ﬂuidos computacional
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Física Aplicada, 2022) Salazar Achig, Edgar Roberto; Hidalgo Díaz, Víctor Hugo
This research focused on the simulation of the storage tanks of the Illuchi plant, using OpenFOAM open source CFD software. It began with photogrammetry by drone to lift the geometry of the water storage structure, then it is modeled using CAD software for export in an STL ﬁle, with this being able to use the snappyHexMeshDict tool in the generation of the internal mesh of the ﬂow in addition to the interFoam solver for incompressible ﬂuids and the RAN By obtaining an optimal mesh of the geometry, the turbulence was reproduced with the k-ϵ RNG model, with which the phenomenon of turbulence of the tanks was roughly represented. ParaView and Gnuplot were used for the visualization and analysis of the results for their respective alidation with experimental values. Finally, after 594 hours of computational processing, overall results were obtained from the reproduction of the phenomenon the experimental part with an error of 4.2 % and 3.3 % in the numerical part for the Illuchi 1 and 2 plant respectively of the ﬂow measurement at the outlets of the pressure pipes, obtaining characteristics of the ﬂow that could be captured in the simulation.