Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial
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Item Sistema CCTV con alerta temprana y reconocimiento de armas de fuego utilizando machine learning(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2025-02) Unapucha Unapucha Jorge Miguel; Ayala Baño Elizabeth PaulinaThe continuous increase in insecurity in Ecuador is reflected annually through various criminal activities, with armed assaults and kidnappings in homes being the main focus of this analysis. In this context, a study was conducted aimed at designing a system based on machine learning techniques for the identification of firearms used in home assaults. The primary goal of the system is to generate early alerts to expedite the intervention of the relevant authorities. The system comprises three stages: acquisition, processing, and visualization. In the data acquisition stage, a Closed-Circuit Televisión consisting of two 2MP cameras and a Hilook brand Digital Video Recorder is used to capture frames in real time. The captured data is sent to the NVIDIA JETSON NANO microcomputer for further processing. The system was developed in Python, and Yolov5 was selected as the artificial vision model responsible for processing the acquired frames, resulting in the identification of firearms in home assaults or kidnappings. The visualization of the identified elements and the generated alerts is carried out through phone calls and spam messages, providing a detailed description of the situation and the identified object, along with an integrated audible alert. It's important to highlight that the data is analyzed and transmitted immediately, ensuring an fast response to potential criminal acts. As a result of the tests conducted, the system achieved an effectiveness of 85%.Item Arquitectura de sensores IoT para la redistribución de la carga de procesamiento mediante inteligencia artificial(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2025-02) Zurita Villalba Francisco Javier; Pallo Noroña Juan PabloThis project aims to implement an IoT sensor architecture for the redistribution of processing load using Artificial Intelligence (AI). Specific objectives include the analysis of available IoT architectures, the evaluation of AI algorithms for process redistribution, and the design of an optimized architecture. The analysis of IoT architectures revealed that technologies such as ESP-32 and communication protocols such as Heartbeat are crucial for scalability, energy efficiency, and handling large volumes of data. The integration of machine learning models, such as neural networks, improves decision making and real-time resource management. The choice of architecture must be aligned with the specific requirements of the application to ensure optimal and sustainable performance. Regarding AI algorithms, efficient solutions for resource management were identified, highlighting neural networks for their ability to balance load, reduce latency and minimize energy consumption. These algorithms enable dynamic adaptation to changing network conditions, improving the scalability and sustainability of IoT networks. The IoT sensor architecture design proved to be effective, achieving a balanced workload distribution and improving scalability. The proposal includes automatic recovery mechanisms and extensive testing to measure efficiency and monitor performance. In conclusion, the integration of AI in IoT networks provides a robust foundation for applications that require high efficiency and adaptability in dynamic environments.Item Sistema IoT de riego para el cultivo de tomate riñón en la zona del canal de Salcedo(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2025-02) Chimba Amaya Cristian Orlando; Pallo Noroña Juan PabloIn this research work, an automated system for irrigation control and monitoring in tomato greenhouse farming was implemented, addressing the need to optimize water use in agriculture through IoT technology. This project was developed in response to the increasing water scarcity and the aim to improve the productivity of tomato crops in the Zona del Canal of the canton Salcedo. The system uses a server hosted on database MART to manage the developed data, integrating sensors to measure variables such as soil moisture and temperature, along with actuators like solenoid valves that regulate water dosing through a drip irrigation system. Additionally, it includes a Node-RED dashboard for real-time monitoring and automated decision-making. The implementation focused on testing different water doses according to the phenological stage of the tomato plants to optimize growth and quality. Functionality tests of the irrigation system were carried out, achieving uniform water distribution due to effective soil moisture control. Tests conducted in the tomato greenhouse indicated that the system is beneficial, as proper water dosage control prevents diseases related to water deficiency or excess, such as botrytis and root rot. As a result, the plants achieved optimal growth, leading to higher tomato production.Item Testeo de herramientas de IA para la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la destreza productiva speaking del idioma inglés(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Software, 2025-02) Changoluisa Santacruz Johan Ariel; Guachimboza Villalva Marco VinicioThis research addresses the need for effective technological resources to enhance the productive skill of speaking, a critical competency in the English teaching-learning process. Its main objective is to evaluate, compare, and select Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools through a systematic testing process, focusing on measuring the effectiveness of these technologies in developing the teaching-learning process of the productive skill of speaking in English. The methodology was developed in three phases. First, a systematic literature review was conducted in scientific databases such as Google Scholar, Scopus, SciELO, and Taylor & Francis to identify relevant tools for the study. In the second phase, an observation sheet with specific evaluation criteria was designed to analyze the tools. Finally, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) method was applied to rank the selected tools based on key criteria such as precision, real-time feedback, and accessibility. The results showed that ELSA Speak and Orai obtained the highest scores due to their precision in real-time feedback and their specialized focus on improving pronunciation and fluency. Alongside tools such as Duolingo and Speechling, they offer innovative and accessible solutions for developing speaking skills in English. The rigorous and systematic testing using the AHP method validates the utility of these AI tools, enabling students and educators to access personalized, effective, and adaptable technological resources that meet the current needs of English language teaching.Item Implementación de un servidor de respaldos basado en tecnología Open Source para mejorar el nivel de seguridad pasiva de la empresa Gala Importaciones(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería en Sistemas Computacionales e Informáticos, 2025-02) Caiza Cali Richard Fabricio; Guevara Aulestia David OmarIn the field of information security, it is important to have efficient backup systems to protect relevant company information. “GALA IMPORTACIONES is currently facing challenges regarding the security of its information due to system failures and the lack of a backup system. Thus, in order to improve this aspect, the need to implement a backup server based on Open Source technology was identified, which will improve passive security and optimize the company's data management. Thus, this work shows the selection of the best Open Source tool according to the requirements of the company in terms of optimizing the use of resources, reducing backup times and improving the quality of information protection; and its consequent implementation and analysis of the tests performed. In addition, it was determined that the implementation of a passive security system, along with data integrity verification mechanisms, is essential to ensure that the company's critical information remains protected and accessible at all times. This system not only guarantees data availability in the event of a restoration but also allows for the combination of backup strategies, such as full and incremental backups, tailored to the specific needs of each department. In this way, a balance is achieved between resource efficiency and robust information protection, ensuring that backup processes are both agile and reliable. These results are expected to help “GALA IMPORTACIONES” improve its level of passive security, reducing the risk of information loss, minimizing downtime and optimizing operational efficiency, which will lead to greater competitiveness and profitability in the long term.Item Gestión por procesos en el laboratorio de prototipado de la Corporación de Desarrollo de Ambato y Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2025-02) Supe Criollo Christian Patricio; Ortiz Guerrero Daysi MargaritaThis research proposes a process management in order to standardize the activities developed within the innovation laboratory Makerspace Inspira Lab, this will allow operations to be executed in a more effective and efficient way by controlling the processes through the relevant documentation. In order to know the current situation of the laboratory, we began with the collection of information through interviews, surveys and direct observation of the workflow, showing that the tasks are performed in a traditional way, with undefined processes and disorder in the execution of activities due to the lack of documentation for monitoring the processes. Based on the current situation, we proceeded to carry out a process survey where each of the activities to be carried out during each operation was specified, through the use of data sheets and the design of flow charts, then each of the identified processes was classified, which were represented in a structured manner within the process map to visualize how they are interrelated. Additionally, the processes were characterized, including the SIPOC diagram, the PHVA cycle and the management indicators. Finally, the processes and procedures manual was developed, which contains detailed and orderly information for the uniform execution of tasks, work instructions and documents for the control of indicators.Item Plan de importación para nuevas líneas de productos en la empresa “Valnu en su fiesta”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2025-02) Torres Valverde Heinz Fernando; Carranza Garcés Ángel MauricioThe party products market in Ecuador is stimulated by international trade, particularly this presents a volatile trend influenced by seasonal factors, new trends and consumer preferences. The company "VALNU EN SU FIESTA" aims to minimize problems such as overstocking, obsolescence of items, poor planning of supply and to promote the diversification of its offer with new product lines to satisfy the market. It determined the need to develop an import plan for new product lines. To develop this planning, the size of the catalog was investigated, and it was established that there are 15100 items and through the application of multiple technical tools 1017 items were identified, representing 80% of sales. With this data, a market study was designed, using mixed methodologies that included interviews, surveys and analysis of sample catalogs, a process that allowed us to accurately determine the selection of products to be imported. The analysis of import methods was established, in order to elaborate the import planning, logistic alternatives and finally opting for the Less than Container Load (LCL) modality. This decision was made in order to reduce costs and the risk of excess inventory. In addition, methodologies such as Brown & Gibson and cubic occupancy percentage analysis were used for the selection. At the same time, a detailed cost analysis was carried out based on incoterms and foreign trade taxes and Ecuadorian legislation in force. A financial analysis was applied using key profitability indicators, evaluating three scenarios for investment; the results affirm the viability of the import plan, highlighting that even in the pessimistic scenario it achieves an NPV of $7,022.65 and an IRR of 78%, evidencing its high-income potential. Thus, it is financially viable under the conditions established by management, consolidating the competitive position in such a dynamic and demanding market.Item Gestión de residuos sólidos en el área de producción de la empresa de calzado Wonderland(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2025-02) Muñoz Villacrés Álvaro Fernando; Morales Perrazo Luis Alberto; Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Tecnologías de la InformaciónThe lack of an adequate solid waste management system in the footwear industry has a significant environmental impact. Currently, much of the waste generated in this industry is disposed of as common garbage, which causes problems of landfill saturation, contamination, and health risks. For this reason, the objective of the degree project “Solid waste management in the production area of the Wonderland footwear company” is to analyze solid waste management in this area. During a period of two months, the production of waste in Wonderland's facilities was analyzed through the collection of data provided by seven workers. The results reveal that approximately 86,179 kg were generated in eight weeks in the solid waste production area, among which leather scraps stand out as the main contaminant, representing 43.9% of the total. Other waste identified included cardboard (16.2%), fabric and polyethylene lining (10.8%), interlining (6.7%) and rubber sole particles (5.2%). This finding demonstrates the importance of focusing on waste reduction to achieve significant improvement in waste management. In conclusion, it is important to implement a comprehensive management program that includes a classification system, monitoring, personnel training, and verification of compliance with current national environmental regulations based on the Unified Environmental Information System (SUIA) and the Ministry of the Environment, which are referenced with standards such as INEN 2266, Ministerial Agreement 142 and Ministerial Agreement 061, among others, as well as international standards such as ISO 14001, to reduce environmental impact and optimize processes, avoiding future financial penalties or partial or total closure of the companyItem Estudio de tiempos y movimientos en los procesos productivos en la línea estándar de PDI en la empresa Ciudad del Auto Ciauto Cia. Ltda.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2025-02) Viera Guerrero Verónica Alejandra; Ortiz Guerrero Daysi MargaritaThis project focuses on the analysis of time and motion in the production processes of the standard line for Pre-Delivery Inspection (PDI) at CIAUTO Cía. Ltda., an Ecuadorian company that leads in the manufacturing of Great Wall Motors vehicles. In response to delays caused by non-value-added tasks, poor communication, and inadequate resource distribution, the objective is to optimize operational efficiency through method engineering tools. The methodology employed includes time measurement, flowchart analysis, and statistical techniques, allowing for the calculation of standard times and the identification of bottlenecks in the reception, washing, standard work, and inspection lines. Additionally, a detailed diagnosis of current activities was conducted, identifying unproductive times and proposing improvements. Solutions include the reconfiguration of workstations and the standardization of processes through detailed work instructions. The results demonstrate a significant reduction in cycle times and an increase in productivity: 4.9% in reception, 6.7% in washing, and 9.4% in motor compartment tasks. These improvements not only enhance operational efficiency but also strengthen CIAUTO's competitive capacity in a growing automotive market. The comprehensive proposal ensures alignment with international standards, contributes to organizational sustainability, and promotes a continuous workflow, establishing CIAUTO as a benchmark in the Ecuadorian automotive industry.Item Rutas de transporte para la distribución y entrega de productos de la empresa embutidos La Madrileña(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2025-02) Molina Martínez Jomayra Elizabeth; Tigre Ortega Franklin GeovannyThe optimization of transportation routes is vitally important for organizations, since it allows them to improve the distribution of their products and reduce the associated logistics costs. The objective of this study was to optimize transportation routes for products distribution and delivery at Embutidos La Madrileña company. The applied methodology contemplates a diagnosis of the current situation in organization's transportation routes, as well as the identification of the costs associated to distribution of its products, together with an analysis of weighted factors for the selection of an optimization model, method and tool most applicable to the conditions for organization. Thus, a model based on the Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) model was developed, using the Genetic Algorithm as a solution implemented through Microsoft Excel Solver. Results showed a representative reduction in traveled distances from 518.2 km to 267.2 km per week for mobile 1 and from 421.8 km to 254.6 km per week for mobile 2, which economically represents an estimated weekly saving in the total cost of transportation and distribution of $116.89 for mobile 1 and $93.38 for mobile 2. It is concluded that optimization techniques application are viable strategies to improve the product transportation and distribution operations.