Tesis Ingeniería Electrónica y Comunicaciones

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    Sistema de control y monitorización de una estación de producción modular para la clasificación de piezas basado en tecnologías IoT para los laboratorios de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería en Electrónica y Comunicaciones, 2023-03) Almagro German, Cristian Israel; Reyes Proaño, Gabriela Alexandra; Franklin, Salazar
    The present research work used an "MPS Station" and a "Conveyor Station", the same ones that were equipped with the necessary IoT instruments and technologies for their association to industry 4.0, in order to monitor an industrial process locally. and remote, for this it was seen the need to implement a LAN network for the assignment of IP's to the equipment that will be part of the process; The S7-1200 PLC was programmed using the Modbus TCP/IP communication protocol, where it performs the master function and the other devices act as slaves, thus sending information to the master, a Raspberry Pi that hosts the Home Assistant operating system, with which Orders are given to the PLC through control buttons, which are distributed in a graphical interface, the operating system allows cameras to be integrated in order to transmit video in real time with the idea of monitoring the process, a voice assistant such as Amazon's Alexa and in this case the Google ssistant, for the recognition of the three colors a file was developed in Python, the communication with Home Assistant was used the MQTT protocol. The programming of a database in Home Assistant for the creation of a file that houses the date and time of the piece that was selected according to its color, where its results were as expected, the control and monitoring of the stations in a way local complied with all the selected orders from the graphical interface located on a PC, the control and monitoring of the stations remotely complied with all the selected orders from the graphical interface found on a cell phone, in the case of the assistant Voice did not comply with all the orders since it depends on external factors such as noise, environment of the place, the speed of the internet. The IoT system is applicable to a large-scale industrial process since in local control and remote control it meets the requirements, in the case of the voice assistant it must be under a controlled environment.
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    Sistema de automatización para el desplazamiento de una silla bipedestadora mediante control táctil en el Centro de Rehabilitación Física y Neurológica “Bendiciones” de la ciudad de Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería en Electrónica y Comunicaciones, 2022-07) Amaguaña Guamán, Iván Leonardo; Altamirano Meléndez, Santiago Mauricio
    The technological development of mobility devices has allowed people with disabilities to change their lifestyle and even not depend on medical personnel or families for the development of their activities, which is why this project focuses on improving the quality of life of a person who depends on a permanent wheelchair through an automated system for moving the standing chair at the "Blessings" Physical and Neurological Rehabilitati on Center. This project describes the design of an automation and touch control system integrated in a standing chair belonging to Niño Mateo Martínez, who has 80% physical disability due to quadriplegia. To implement this project, a vertical lifting and movement mechanism is required in the rear wheels, which adapt to the physical structure of the standing chair. The operation of the movement control and automation system of the standing chair involves the use of Bluetooth wireless technology that allows communication between the graphic interface and the electronic prototype. This system consists of two important parameters; the first focuses on vertical positioning, because thanks to the inclusion of a linear actuator it will access a vertical movement converting a standard wheelchair to a standing frame, the second focuses on displacement that, thanks to two motors, allows the low-speed mechanical movement capable of driving the rear wheels. In addition, through the use of the BTS7960 DC motor controller, closed-loop control is established, since the gains between the voltage it delivers and the output voltage to the system are regulated, that is, the controller plays an important role thanks to its amplification. that taking the control signals from the Arduino Mega regulates the PWM signal, thus controlling the displacement system. Together with a mathematical analysis that allows the modeling of a DC motor armature circuit, some equations are determined that will allow defining a first order system in order to obtain the gains based on the desired behavior of the motors. As a final element, a functional automation system will be obtained in the standing chair whose process is controlled automatically, safely respecting the needs of the specific needs of the patient.
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    Diseño y construcción de un UAV, para misiones estratégicas del centro de investigaciones de la FAE, utilizando paneles solares
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería en Electrónica y Comunicaciones, 2022-03) Chulde Gutiérrez, Paul Israel; Gómez López, Jonathan Ramiro; Salazar, Franklin
    This research work consists of the design and construction of an unmanned aerial vehicle, for strategic missions of the Ecuadorian Air Force research center, using solar panels. We started with an analysis and discussion with the team from the research and development center of the Ecuadorian air force, determining the needs and problems existing among the unmanned aerial vehicles that have been developed for missions. This allowed having a better vision for the implementation of the energy system with which all the devices inside the cabin of the platform will be powered with. For the design and construction of the prototype of the aircraft, various parameters were considered, among which we can distinguish the dimensions of the fuselage of the cabin, wing, and tail, as well as the dimensioning of the weight, based on the electronic and mechanical components that integrate the different systems, the same that will allow us to improve the flight autonomy of the unmanned aerial vehicles. Also, have better communication from the land base to the platform, and improve the energy supply system by obtaining, processing, converting, and using renewable energies present in the environment. The Ecuadorian Air Force research center does not have an autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle platform with the capacity to make flights for long periods, robust and with a design that allows the evolution and adaptation of new technologies in it. Therefore, the need to implement, design, and build an autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle system with an efficient communication link and with the capacity to make use of the renewable energy obtained from the sun, furthermore fully functional to enable missions that require the aircraft to remain or perform more durable flights.
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    Automatización de un sistema de desinfección mediante tecnología inalámbrica (wifi) en el Gobierno Autónomo Descentralizado Parroquial rural de Picaihua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería en Electrónica y Comunicaciones, 2021-09) Andaluz Ortiz, Wellington Ismael; Jurado Lozada, Marco Antonio
    The use of disinfection booths in crowded places of the different cities due to the sanitary emergency present nowadays at world-wide level allows the disinfection of the users, for this reason the present project is centered in automating a disinfection booth for the fairs elaborated by the GAD Parroquial de Picaihua. This project describes the design of an automation and control system incorporated in a disinfection booth whose owner is Mr. Romel López, president of the GAD Parroquial de Picaihua. To carry out this project, elements that adapt to the characteristics of the cabin are required, since at first it was not created to house an autonomous control system, taking into account that the implementation of such system should not alter the physical structure of the cabin nor should it interfere in its main operation. The operation of the automation and control system of the disinfection booth consists of the use of programmable plates that allow controlling the spreading of the disinfectant liquid automatically. The operation of this mechanism must provide a continuous and stable spraying and a wireless control expressed in the use of a mobile application, all this to provide security in the disinfection of the users of the booth. As a result, there will be an efficient system implemented in the disinfection booth that performs the process of spraying disinfectant liquid automatically, thus maintaining the sanitation of places where it is implemented, covering the needs of the GAD Parroquial de Picaihua.
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    Automatización de la línea selladora de envases del producto Propolis en la empresa Nature’s Garden a cargo de Dmit Solutions
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería en Electrónica y Comunicaciones, 2021-08) Morales Moposita, Jennifer Pamela; Castro Martin, Ana Pamela
    This project designs and implements an automated system for the sealing process of the propolis product containers, the system was developed due to the high demand in the local market due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the inefficient production method. The objective of the system is to improve product quality, reduce production times and improve the operator's work environment. The automated system is made up of three levels according to the automation pyramid, which are: field equipment, control equipment and supervision equipment. Among the field equipment there is the photoelectric sensor for the detection of the inlet bottles, the inductive sensor for the calibration and correction of the stepper motor of the rotary table, the 5/2-way solenoid valves as pneumatic pre-actuators, the use of of double effect cylinders for clamping and lowering the pneumatic motor, in addition to the stepper motor of the rotary table and the DC motor of the conveyor belt. The Xinje XD3-16RTE Programmable Logic controller (PLC) is the main unit of the process control level since it is in charge of processing the input variables of both sensors, maneuvering equipment to make decisions and generate conditions for the activation of its outputs that are connected to the pre-actuators that transport the work to the actuators of the system. The controller fulfills the function of sending and receiving information to the supervision system. This data exchange is carried out through the MODBUS-RTU protocol using the RS-232 connection interface. The Kinco GL070E Human Machine Interface (HMI) is the undamental element of the supervision system, it facilitates the monitoring and control in real time of the machine in an understandable and ergonomic way for the user. The implementation of the automated bottle sealing system reduces the contamination by human contact of the product, facilitates the work of the operators, increases the quality of the product, increases the production per day, making the most of the plant's resources.
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    Sistema electrónico de control de un prototipo de seguidor solar fotovoltaico en la Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería en Electrónica y Comunicaciones, 2021-08) Noboa Becerra, Mayra Alexandra; Ríos Villacorta, Percy Alberto
    Solar tracking systems allow placing a solar panel perpendicular to the position of the sun, during the day, to take maximum advantage of the highest levels of solar radiation incident on the solar panel. This project focuses on the design of an electronic control system for a prototype photovoltaic solar tracker at the School of Systems, Electronics and Industrial Engineering of the Technical University of Ambato, which captures a greater amount of solar energy for electricity consumption or storage, due to the maximum use of solar radiation compared to fixed solar installations. In addition, it has a monitoring system of the most important parameters of the solar tracking installation such as: voltage, power, tilt angle, which are visualized by the administrator with the objective of verifying the correct operation of the system. The design of the tracking system is based on a hybrid loop control algorithm, which uses light sensors or photosensors to provide the system with feedback from the data detected by the sensors. In addition, the tracking system uses the geographic position, date and time of the location to know if the system is placed in the right position. On the other hand, for the communication, storage and processing of the data obtained by the current and voltage sensors, placed in the tracking system, WIFI is used as communication technology and communication protocols such as HTTP, which allow the monitoring of the data through a web interface. Finally, the technical parameters obtained by the sensors in the solar tracking system are compared to a fixed PV system. The results obtained reveal an improvement in the amount of energy captured by the solar tracking system of 10.23% compared to a fixed photovoltaic system.