Ciencias de la Salud
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Item Estrategia didáctica para la enseñanza del a prevención del cáncer de mama a partir de la caracterización de marcadores genéticos e inmunológicos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Centro de Posgrados, 2022-12) Pavajeau Hernández, Jeffry John MD, MSc; Leiva Suero, Lizette Elena Dra, PhD.Breast cancer is defined as the abnormal cellular proliferation of the gland's own cells, of heterogeneous cause caused by a cluster of genetic and immunological alterations, being clear that this pathological entity is multifactorial. Historically, the application of strategies for the prevention of breast cancer has been based on a lifestyle approach without a broad focus on genetic and immunological aspects of the local context. Given this problem, the need arises to design a strategy based on the application of the practical simulation technique linked to these relevant aspects within the pathophysiology and prevention of breast cancer. The proposed objective was to develop a didactic strategy for teaching breast cancer prevention based on the characterization of genetic and immunological markers and to identify the level of competencies, abilities and skills developed in nursing students for prevention. effective and efficient treatment of breast cancer. A non-experimental, longitudinal and prospective descriptive methodology was applied. A predesigned scale was used to assess the knowledge, skills and attitudes developed in nursing students in breast cancer prevention, which served as a baseline for the proposal of a didactic strategy for teaching promotion and prevention of breast cancer based on immunology-genetics; It was identified that within the assistance competencies, the ones with the least development were the items related to assessment and planning, while in the behavioral competencies, the ones with the least acquisition were those related to relationships; a didactic strategy aimed at the teaching staff based on the new teaching methodologies and composed of four components was proposed, proposing as a basis problematizing, creative learning, simulation and the use of new technologies; Lastly, indicators were proposed to evaluate competencies in breast cancer prevention, with an emphasis on immunogenetic markers for monitoring the strategy. It was concluded that there is a great influence of traditional teaching methodologies in the poor training in skills of future nursing professionals, especially in issues related to the prevention of gynecological cancer