Ciencias de la Salud
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Item TETANALGESIA EN LA PREVENCIÓN DE TÉCNICAS DOLOROSAS DEL RECIÉN NACIDO(2025-06-17) Morales Tipan, Germán David; Cusme Torres, Nadihezka Amanda; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Tethanalgesia is a recommended technique to provide the neonate breastfeeding in order to reduce pain in the face of painful procedures. Objective: Critically analyze existing scientific literature to evaluate the effectiveness of tethanalgesia in the prevention of pain associated with medical techniques in neonates. Methodology: A systematic review of updated studies was carried out that address the application of tethanalgesia in neonatal medical procedures where the effectiveness of tethanalgesia was evaluated in the reduction of pain in newborns in painful processes and the benefits of tethanalgesia in the Pain reduction in newborns in painful processes. Results: After the analysis, 14 articles were selected for this review where it was found that tethanalgesia is an effective method to prevent pain in newborns against painful techniques in 85% of the studies reviewed. The most frequent painful technique where tethanalgesia is used is blood sampling, followed by vaccines. The main benefits of the use of tethanalgesia in the face of painful techniques are the reduction of pain and crying time. Conclusion: Tetanalgesia is an effective method to reduce pain in neonates that are subjected to painful medical procedures due to their easy application and without side effects or risks.Item COMPLICACIONES NEONATALES EN GESTIÓN POR ADICCIÓN AL ALCOHOL Y TABACO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Montaguano PLaza, Nelly Tannia; Velasco Acurio, Evelin FernandaIntroduction: alcohol and tobacco, present in society for centuries, represent serious risks during pregnancy. Alcohol can cause serious fetal disorders, such as FASD, while tobacco is linked to low birth weight and breathing problems. Both increase the probability of premature birth and neonatal complications, requiring preventive actions and urgent treatment. Objective: to determine neonatal complications in pregnant women with alcohol and tobacco addiction. Methodology: it is a literature review of the literature between 2019 and 2024. Academic databases such as Sciencie Direct, Google Scholar, SciELO, PubMed and Boolean operators were used to broaden the search. The PRISMA method is used to assess the quality of the studies. Results: the initial information search revealed a total set of 1532 articles, of which 60 met the eligibility criteria. Of these, 46 were not relevant, leaving a total of 15 records that contributed to the fulfillment of the study objectives and were used to carry out the meta-analysis. Conclusion: the consumption of alcohol and tobacco during pregnancy causes several neonatal complications, among them we can mention premature birth, low birth weight, among others.Item Causas de las infecciones vaginales en mujeres embarazadas(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-03-01) Peñaranda Pérez, Erick Santiago; Noriega Puga, Vicente RubénDr. Mg.Introduction: Pregnant women are prone to acquiring infections, being the affections to the female reproductive system the most common, due to various factors. In this way, the causes, consequences, and types of infections attributed to the female reproductive system (vagina) are described below. Material and methods: A bibliographic study was carried out through articles, books and information certified as reliable on digital platforms such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Latindex in each period. Results: According to studies carried out, pregnant women today have good knowledge about vaginal infection, causes and the processes involved in acquiring it, but there is a lack of knowledge about its repercussions. In addition, another study emphasizes the poor feedback of information regarding the subject and associates it with the early age of women in entering a pregnant period. Discussion: The knowledge of pregnant women is mediated by technological means such as social networks, blogs, and web pages on the Internet. At the same time, the information collected by pregnant women is implicitly completely true, causing gaps in adequate knowledge about vaginal infections in pregnant women. Detection and prevention is mediated through laboratory analysis and the lifestyle of pregnant women, there being a wide variety of techniques and methods for the detection and identification of pathogens of vaginal infections, the main ones being those techniques and methods in samples of blood, urine and cervicovaginal secretion. Conclusion: The information found on the subject in question must be verified and consulted to guarantee correct knowledge of its effectiveness when identifying or preventing any infection in such a delicate period.Item Comparación de la aplicación de las escalas NPASS y PIPP en la valoración del dolor en el neonato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-12) Tipán Coello, Yadira Elizabeth; Guarate Coronel, Yeisy CristinaObjective: To compare the application of the NPASS scale vs the PIPP scale in the assessment of neonatal pain. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, longitudinal and analytical study was carried out, evaluating pain in hospitalized neonates using both scales. The population consisted of 30 nursing professionals working in this service, being a census sample. Each participant in this study applied both the NPASS and the PIPP scales to assess pain in the neonate, and then answered the questionnaire of feasibility, clinical usefulness and nurses' preference by Xiao-Zhi Huang according to each scale applied. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results: The professionals agree that both scales are easy to use; however, the time for their application is an important factor to take into account. Conclusions: The NPASS scale showed a greater preference over the PIPP scale.Item Conocimiento de las madres sobre el tamizaje neonatal para detectar enfermedades metabólicas genéticas(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-03-01) Tandalla Toapanta, Gissela Paola; Cusme Torres, Nadiehzka Amanda Lic. Mg.Objective: The level of knowledge of mothers about neonatal screening to detect congenital metabolic diseases attending the local health center was evaluated. Methodology: Quantitative study with a descriptive cross-sectional approach that applies the deductive method to generate conclusions from the results of the application of a survey to 45 selected participants through inclusion and exclusion criteria, respecting the bioethical principles of research in humans stipulated in the Declaration of Helsinki. Results and Discussion: After analyzing the information we can highlight that the study identified the predominant age between 21 to 30 years with 64.4%. The level of knowledge possessed by mothers is 84.4% in general characteristics and 31.1% in specific characteristics, while acceptance through the role played by the nurse obtained quite satisfactory levels, 100% say they have observed that. The nurse had all the materials available to carry out the test in this way, through the education and experience that the patient has, compliance with the examination is guaranteed. Conclusions: It is possible to identify the level of knowledge of the mothers who go to the health center to perform the screening test on their children, the level of knowledge is optimal when we talk about general characteristics, but we must emphasize in the education of the diseases that prevent examination and strengthen strategy