Ciencias de la Salud
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Item SITUACIONES DE RIESGO QUE ATRAVIESAN LOS ENFERMEROS QUIRÚRGICOS: UNA REVISIÓN BIBLIOGRÁFICA(2025-06-17) Paredes Pila, Karol Lisbeth; Chipantiza Cordova, Tannia Elizabeth; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Surgical nurses are subject to numerous risk situations that compromise their physical and mental health and are related to the demanding nature of their work. Operating room conditions expose personnel to several hazards, including biological, ergonomic, chemical, physical, and psychosocial risks, which can negatively affect their well-being and performance. Objective: To analyze the risk situations encountered by surgical nurses through a literature review, identifying the primary threats to their healthand the preventive measures that should be adopted. Methodology: A descriptive literature review was carried out using the PRISMA method for article classification. Information was retrieved from databases such as Scielo, Virtual Health Library, WHO, Google Scholar, and PubMed, using keywords related to occupational risks in the surgical environment. A total of 25 articles were selected from 45 reviewed, focusing on publications from the past four years in Spanish and English. Results: The reviewed studiesindicate hat surgical nurses are highly exposed to biological, ergonomic, and psychosocial risks, which significantly impact their health. Conclusions: It is suggested that occupational health policies and biosafety strategies be strengthened to protect surgical nurses from the many threats they face in their work environment.Item USO DE LA MECÁNICA CORPORAL PARA DISMINUIR LESIONES EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA(2025-06-16) Chicaiza Izurieta, Esteban Wladimir; Martínez García, Diana Nancy; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de EnfermeríaIntroduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent a significant problem for nursing students and professionals, with a prevalence ranging from 46% to 97%. These disorders not only affect the quality of life of individuals, but also negatively impact the efficiency and quality of patient care. The high prevalence of MSDs in students suggests that risk factors are present from the early stages of training. Objective: To analyze the available evidence on the use of body mechanics to prevent musculoskeletal injuries in nursing students. Methodology: An exhaustive search was carried out in databases such as PubMed, CINAHL and Google Scholar, selecting studies from the last 5 years to ensure the timeliness of the evidence. The review was carried out following the PRISMA guidelines, including the use of the flowchart to document the study selection process and the checklist to ensure a rigorous and transparent methodology. Results: The most affected anatomical regions are the lumbar area, neck and shoulders. Risk factors identified include female sex, older age, poor posture, and repetitive movements. Body mechanics-based interventions, including ergonomic education and specific exercise programs, showed promising results in reducing musculoskeletal symptoms. Discussion: A high prevalence of MSDs in nursing is revealed, mainly affecting the lower back, neck, and shoulders. Body mechanics interventions show preventive potential, although a holistic approach and early integration into training are needed. Conclusion: It is concluded that body mechanics programs have considerable potential to reduce the risk of MSDs in nursing students. The integration of these programs into nursing curricula and addressing the barriers to their implementation in clinical practice is recommended.Item SÍNDROME VISUAL INFORMÁTICO Y PRÁCTICAS ERGONÓMICAS EN ESTUDIANTES DE ENFERMERÍA(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Pallo Chicaiza, Lisbeth Estefanía; Mejías de Duarte, MarianelaIntroduction: Computer Visual Syndrome is a group of ocular and visual signs and symptoms related to study, particularly prolonged use of electronic devices. Ergonomic postures are defined as proper body positions and correct alignment of the spine, as dictated by ergonomics which is intended for places, tools and tasks related to the environment where they are performed. Objective: To relate computer visual syndrome and ergonomic practices in nursing students. Methods: The present research is of observational-transversal design and of correlational scope that was applied to 200 students of the Technical University of Ambato and the SVI syndrome and Ergonomics instruments were applied. Results: Where it is found that (97.14%) present symptoms of SVI and 50% suffer moderate and high risk of suffering ergonomic problems. Conclusions: Computer visual syndrome was not significantly related to ergonomics in nursing students. However, it has been reported that most of the students suffer from symptoms of Computer Visual Syndrome, as well as they have a high risk of suffering ergonomic problems.Item Evaluación del riesgo ergonómico en la descarga de furgones de supermercado(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Fisioterapia, 2024-03-15) Chamba Chagmana, Stalin Joao; Peñafiel Luna, AndreaThe main objective of this research was the evaluation of ergonomic risk in supermarket workers, the methodology used was handled under the quantitative approach of descriptive type, also with a non-experimental design, for this research we had the participation of 20 supermarket employees, which is located in the province of Cotopaxi, to whom a personal data sheet was applied, in addition to labor and labor welfare test. Once these tests were applied, the body posture was evaluated at the moment of unloading the merchandise for the supply of the store. Two main postures were taken into account in the evaluation: the moment of lifting the load and later the placement in the determined place. This was done under a method of observations and taking images, videos and more to help a correct evaluation, each image collected was entered into the Kinovea software where it was possible to establish the joint angles that they handled at the time of the activity, data that could be analyzed under the method of rapid body assessment REBA, the same that established the risk of injury of each individual evaluated. The REBA data showed that, of the two tasks evaluated, the first, which corresponds to the lifting of loads, is the one that presents the greatest risk to workers, assuming that it is due to the weight they lift each workday, as well as the repetitive motion they perform, in addition to the short time they have to perform it. Factors such as the time spent in the workplace, age, sex, schooling, daily work and little knowledge of postural management are associated with probable injuries in the short term.Item Prevención de lesiones musculoesqueléticas en estudiantes que reciben clases en su domicilio de la carrera de Enfermería de la Universidad Estatal de Bolívar(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-07-01) Pilco Toscano, Cynthia Elizabeth Lcda.; Arellano Franco, Luis Felipe Lcdo. Ft Mg.Musculoskeletal disorders are associated with repetitive work, which lead to a series of health problems ranging from minor pain to permanent patient’s disability problems. In consideration to the high prevalence of this type of problem, the present study evaluated the effectiveness of a program for the prevention of musculoskeletal injuries in students of the fourth semester of nursing career from the State University of Bolivar receiving classes in their houses. For this, a quasi-experimental investigation was carried out including 34 students who receive classes at home to whom a survey to collect information on sociodemographic variables and the conditions of the place where they receive classes was applied. Also, presence of musculoskeletal symptoms was determined by applying the Nordic questionnaire. After that, an intervention program consisting of capacitation about ergonomics, stretching and active pause for four consecutive weeks was applied. The 90.9% of the students reported some type of musculoskeletal pain, being more frequent in the neck (94.1%), in the lumbar region (79.45%) and the shoulder (70.6%), of the which most of the interviewees described intermediate pain levels in neck (41.2%), shoulder (29.4%) and dorsal or lumbar (29.4%), while the majority did not declare discomfort in elbow and forearm and wrist and hand. After the intervention, a tendency to decrease pain levels was observed in the different parts of the body evaluated. Based on the results, the positive effect of the intervention plan on the improvement of the musculoskeletal pain of the intervened patients is demonstrated, so it is suggested to apply this type of programs in other careers.Item “Lesiones musculoesqueléticas detectadas en el personal profesional de enfermería del hospital general de Latacunga y su relación con la aplicación de mecánica corporal”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Enfermería, 2018-10-01) Masapanta Masapanta, Adriana Melissa; Villa Plaza Lic. Mg., Carmen MercedesGlobally, musculoskeletal injuries are the main cause of work absenteeism and it is considered that they affect a quarter of the population, being the nurses the main group particularly affected by back pain when compared with other groups of professionals. This is the reason why the research project was developed with the aim of identifying the main musculoskeletal injuries in the professional Nursing staff of the General Hospital Latacunga related to the application of body mechanics. For which an observational, descriptive and correlational methodology was used that included 60 nurses of the General Hospital Latacunga to whom the SIN-DME symptom (Symptoms of musculoskeletal disorders) survey was applied and an observation sheet to establish the level of knowledge and applicability of principles of body mechanics. The study allowed to conclude that the body areas most prone to musculoskeletal injuries in the nursing staff are the back by 63%, 15% in the hands, 12% in the shoulders and 10% in the ankles and feet, due to high exposure in the standing position, when walking and when lifting loads.Item “Análisis biomecánico en los ciclistas de ruta categoría master”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Terapia Física, 2017-10-01) Carrasco Jaramillo, Santiago Gabriel; Peñafiel Luna, Andrea Carolina Lic. TF. Mg.The directional management of biomechanics leads to the integration of each of its factors in the practice of cycling, so the problem is centered on the lack of knowledge of the biomechanical analysis affects the sport performance in cyclists of the category of the city Of Ambato, in this way from the analysis of each one of the elements it is tried to know the factors that generate a high performance, in the sportsman, then in the methodology the field investigation was applied, the same that through the application of the Surveys and the observation sheet were collected information, which allowed the need for a comprehensive analysis, as this will promote high performance in people who practice this sport, it is concluded that it is vital to generate a comprehensive study of the Biomechanics in the cyclist to be able to generate a systematic process of knowledge of how to improve the position, the po Stura the strength of the cyclist and then promote a high performance in the sports environment.