Ciencias de la Salud
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Item FIBRILACIÓN AURICULAR Y ENFERMEDAD RENAL CRÓNICA: INTERACCIÓN Y RELEVANCIA CLÍNICA(2025-06-13) Gavilanes Lisintuña, Madison Nohe; Laguapillo Vergara, Alexandra del Rocio; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de MedicinaChronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by prolonged alterations in renal structure or function, with severe implications such as hypertension, cardiac and neurological diseases. Atrial fibrillation (AF), a cardiac arrhythmia, shows a complex relationship with CKD: the presence of CKD increases the risk of developing AF, and vice versa. Several factors, such as inflammation, the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, anemia, and electrolyte disturbances contribute to this relationship. Both conditions also increase the risk of stroke and mortality. Proper management involves considering the complexity of these connections to reduce the associated risks and improve patient prognosis.Item Programa de Rehabilitación Cardiaca Domiciliaria para mejorar la funcionalidad en adultos mayores con hipertensión(2025-03-17) Guanoluisa Chávez, Cynthia Patricia; Campos Moposita, Angela Priscila; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Centro de PosgradosHome-based cardiac rehabilitation has become a fundamental strategy to improve the health and functionality of older adults, especially those with high blood pressure. The main objective of the research was to determine the effects of a homebased cardiac rehabilitation program on the functionality of hypertensive older adults. To do so, a quasi-experimental study was carried out in which the Senior Fitness Test was applied to evaluate the functional physical condition of the participants before and after the intervention. The program consisted of an aerobic exercise regimen (continuous and interval sprint) that consisted of stretching, joint mobility and breathing exercises, carried out for 14 weeks, with supervised sessions three times a week. The most significant results showed a notable improvement in the functional capacity of older adults, evidenced by the increase in the Senior Fitness Test scores. In addition, a decrease in blood pressure levels was observed, indicating that the program not only improved physical functionality but also contributed to the control of hypertension. These findings highlight the importance of regular physical activity in the cardiovascular health of older adults. In conclusion, the home-based cardiac rehabilitation program proved to be effective in improving functionality and reducing hypertension in older adults. The continuation of this type of program and the training of health professionals for its implementation in other communities is recommended. The proposal includes the development of similar initiatives that promote physical activity and healthy habits in the older adult population.Item DISLIPIDEMIAS E HIPERTENSIÓN EN PACIENTES CON DIABETES MELLITUS II(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-10-25) Quilligana Caisaguano, Stalin Alexander; Cevallos Teneda, Andrea CarolinaIntroduction: The coexistence of dyslipidemia and hypertension in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2) presents a significant challenge in modern medicine. These concurrent conditions considerably increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases, underscoring the need for an integrated approach in their management. Materials and Methods: A literature review article was conducted, examining recent studies and relevant literature in repositories such as PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The focus was on studies published between 2010 and 2023, prioritizing those addressing the clinical management and therapeutic implications of dyslipidemia and hypertension in patients with Type 2 DM. Results: Dyslipidemia and hypertension are common risk factors in individuals with Type 2 DM, exacerbating the risk of cardiovascular pathologies. Insulin resistance and chronic inflammation were identified as key factors contributing to these complications. The importance of an integrated treatment approach that includes lifestyle modifications, glycemic control, and specific pharmacological therapies for each condition was emphasized. Conclusions: Effective management of dyslipidemias and hypertension in patients with Type 2 DM requires a holistic approach. Lifestyle modifications, along with pharmacological therapy, are fundamental in controlling these risk factors. It is essential to personalize the treatment for each patient, considering their clinical profile and cardiovascular risk.Item ESTRATEGIA DE PREVENCIÓN COMUNITARIA ENFOCADA EN LA DETECCIÓN DE PACIENTES CON HIPERTENSIÓN ARTERIAL(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Medicina, 2024-06-10) Velasco Aroca, Karen Michaela; Zumárraga Ramos, Dennys PatricioIntroduction: Hypertension (HTN) poses a global health challenge due to its high prevalence and the severe complications it can trigger. Late diagnosis is a common issue due to its asymptomatic nature in the early stages, underscorin g the importance of early prevention strategies. Objective: The aim of this bibliographic review is to analyze community prevention strategies focused on the early detection of HTN, evaluate their effectiveness, and propose recommendations for improving their implementation. Methods: An exhaustive review of the literature was carried out using recognized academic databases . The inclusion criteria were studies focused on community strategies for HTN detection. Selected studies were analyzed and synthesized to identify best practices and areas of improvement Results: Effective strategies identified include regular blood pressure monitoring by trained health professionals, patient education about HTN and its management, and promotion of healthy lifestyles. However, challenges persist in terms of diagnostic accuracy, cultural and socioeconomic barriers, and the need to tailor interventions to the specific characteristics of each community. Conclusions: Despite the challenges, community strategies for early HTN detection are viable and necessary to combat the growing prevalence of this disease. To achieve this, a combination of rigorous training, patient education, promotion of healthy lifestyles, and adaptation to community peculiarities is required. Furthermore, the need for robust health policies that support the implementation and sustainability of these intervention s is emphasized.Item CREACIÓN Y VALIDACIÓN DE UN INSTRUMENTO PARA EL CONTROL DE TRATAMIENTO ANTIHIPERTENSIVO(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-05-29) Vargas Lozada, Alicia Nathaly; Pachucho Flores, Ana PamelaIntroduction. Arterial hypertension is a disease in which the force exerted by blood against the walls of the arteries is too high, representing an important risk factor for contracting various cardiovascular diseases, such as: heart disease, cerebrovascular accident, renal failure and other complications in health. Objective: To create a tool that guarantees adequate control of antihypertensive treatment, improving the effectiveness of the pharmacological regimen and patient adherence. Methodology: includes an exhaustive review of specialized literature, validation of its content by five experts and a pilot test composed of 83 subjects, which represents 10% of patients in a public health center in the province of Tungurahua, based on the 2019 Clinical Practice Guide of the Ministry of Health of Ecuador. Results: The tool presents acceptable validity and reliability, as demonstrated by its global Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.80, which indicates good reliability. instrument for comprehensive patient control. Furthermore, the study identifies 8 dimensions: medical care, laboratory tests, medication, risk factors, signs of not taking medication, signs of having an overdose, complications and general care. Conclusion: The article presents a valid and reliable tool to control hypertensive treatment.Item “Perfil epidemiológico de patologías en el adulto mayor en el cantón Baños y en el cantón Pelileo de la provincia de Tungurahua”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Terapia Fisica, 2017-08-01) Carrera De La Torre, Christian Edmundo; Latta Sánchez, María AugustaLic. FT.The present investigation is a cross-sectional study of the epidemiological profile of pathologies in the older adult in the canton Baños and in the Pelileo canton of the province of Tungurahua. It is considered that when over 65 years of age, the individual loses functional capacity. The epidemiological profile of pathologies is the expression of diseases that suffer a population, these can be cardiovascular, muscular, respiratory, endocrine-metabolic, digestive, neoplastic, mental and neurological, sensory organs, genitourinary, skin and hematological. For data collection, the database was accessed (RDACCA) of older adults who come to health homes, the analysis was obtained results of pathologies with higher prevalence, these are the cardiovascular ones with higher incidence in women, Followed by respiratory ones. Knowledge about pathologies present in the elderly is of great importance to perform a physical therapy and apply a physiotherapeutic treatment, in order to solve the pathological problems presented by patients.Item Factores que Influyen sobre la Adherencia Terapéutica en la Hipertensión Arterial, Parroquia San Andrés(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Mayra Alexandra Md., Chiluiza Ramírez; Salvador, Vidal Revé Dr. Esp.Background: The lack of adherence in hypertensive patients represent a high health costs, as the asymptomatic nature of hypertensive disease. Objective. To determine the factors influencing adherence in patients with hypertension Parish San Andrés del Píllaro Canton. January-August 2015. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study in which a population of 110 hypertensive patients (65.5% female, predominant age group 50 to 59 years) dispensarizados by family and hypertensive tab and treated at the Health Center of San Andrés was used. the Martin-Bayarre-Grau (MBG) questionnaire was used to assess the level of adherence, and an interview to assess the various associated factors based on the 2004 WHO report. Results. Adherents total 45% according Morinsky-Green, total 13.6% according MBG adherents, not adherents 48.2% and 38.2% Little adherents. Adherence according showed significant dependence between variables such as education level (p = 0.000), satisfaction with care received from the doctor (p = 0.000), medical indications given clearly and in writing (p = 0.000). Availability of the drug (p = 0.049). Conclusion. The study population has low levels of adherence associated with low education, low knowledge of pathology, protective factors are the level of satisfaction with medical care, poor grip level also was linked to oblivion by the patient, often taking medication and the number of medicines for treatmentItem Factores que influyen sobre la adherencia terapéutica en la hipertensión arterial, Parroquia San Andrés(Universidad Técnica de Ambato.- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud .- Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Chiluiza Ramírez, Mayra Alexandra Md.; Salvador Dr. Esp, Vidal RevéBackground: The lack of adherence in hypertensive patients represent a high health costs, as the asymptomatic nature of hypertensive disease. Objective. To determine the factors influencing adherence in patients with hypertension Parish San Andrés del Píllaro Canton. January-August 2015. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study in which a population of 110 hypertensive patients (65.5% female, predominant age group 50 to 59 years) dispensarizados by family and hypertensive tab and treated at the Health Center of San Andrés was used. the Martin-Bayarre-Grau (MBG) questionnaire was used to assess the level of adherence, and an interview to assess the various associated factors based on the 2004 WHO report. Results. Adherents total 45% according Morinsky-Green, total 13.6% according MBG adherents, not adherents 48.2% and 38.2% Little adherents. Adherence according showed significant dependence between variables such as education level (p = 0.000), satisfaction with care received from the doctor (p = 0.000), medical indications given clearly and in writing (p = 0.000). Availability of the drug (p = 0.049). Conclusion. The study population has low levels of adherence associated with low education, low knowledge of pathology, protective factors are the level of satisfaction with medical care, poor grip level also was linked to oblivion by the patient, often taking medication and the number of medicines for treatmentItem Evaluación de la dherencia terapéutica y factores influyentes en pacientes hipertensos, sector Er05, San Marcos, 2016(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Dirección de Posgrado, 2016-11-01) Cañar Jiménez, Miryan Janeth Md.,; Castell-Florit Caballero Dr. Esp, AbelHypertension (HTA) has a high prevalence in the Ecuadorian population. Treatment includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological alternatives. Is an important public health problem, despite advances in detection, treatment and control, many patients have difficulty adhering to treatment, considering that one of the main causes lies in the personal, family, drug-related and with health services. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted with 69 hypertensive patients in the Health Center San Marcos period 2015-2016. people older than 35 years were included with previous diagnosis of hypertension composed of 46 women (66.7%) and 23 men (33.3%) a survey through which information no pharmacological and pharmacological treatment was applied was obtained patients on adherence to treatment; a scale to assess the degree of adherence of patients was used. The results achieved: 4 patients with total adherence, 63 and 2 partial adhesion without adhesion, alternative hypothesis is approved by Chi square (X2), where the personal, family and health systems influence adherence. Implementing the educational strategy a culture of compliance to treatment it will be created over time.Item Hemorragia Subaracnoidea en Eclampsia Postparto(Universidad Técnica de Ambato-Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Carrera Medicina, 2016-10-01) Gavilema Flores, Ana Viviana; Mena Villarroel, Luis Byron Dr.This case is a 26 year old patient who presents with 10 days postpartum week, doing three days presents pulsatile holocraneana type headache of moderate intensity, accompanied by left brachial paresis, 24 hours ago apparently has tonic clonic movements generalized without loss of consciousness, so it goes to Professor Ambato Hospital, where removed stitches and manage complex B as reported by family and sent to your home, then continuous headache high intensity accompanied by scintillating scotoma, so go back and in the course presents tonic clonic movements of 10 minutes, in the emergency service is valued by filing a BP: 160/110 mmHg, FC: 110 lpm FR: 28 lpm ECG: 8/15 (O2V2M4) with loss of consciousness , hydrated, isochoric pupils, reactive to light, corneal reflex present, simple CT skull is requested findings subarachnoid hemorrhage front and small areas of hemorrhage in brain parenchyma so Eclampsia Postpartum Tardía and subarachnoid hemorrhage Hunt and Hess III diagnosed - Fisher II and mechanical ventilation, hydration, anticonvulsant, analgesia, gastric protection, antibiotics are prescribed, is hospitalized for six days in ICU for clinical use, with good clinical evolution, then it stays three days in the gynecology service with discharged home without complications.