Ciencias de la Salud

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Subject: search.filters.subject.NEONATO

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    TETANALGESIA EN LA PREVENCIÓN DE TÉCNICAS DOLOROSAS DEL RECIÉN NACIDO
    (2025-06-17) Morales Tipan, Germán David; Cusme Torres, Nadihezka Amanda; Universidad Técnica de Ambato / Facultad de Ciencias de Salud / Carrera de Enfermería
    Introduction: Tethanalgesia is a recommended technique to provide the neonate breastfeeding in order to reduce pain in the face of painful procedures. Objective: Critically analyze existing scientific literature to evaluate the effectiveness of tethanalgesia in the prevention of pain associated with medical techniques in neonates. Methodology: A systematic review of updated studies was carried out that address the application of tethanalgesia in neonatal medical procedures where the effectiveness of tethanalgesia was evaluated in the reduction of pain in newborns in painful processes and the benefits of tethanalgesia in the Pain reduction in newborns in painful processes. Results: After the analysis, 14 articles were selected for this review where it was found that tethanalgesia is an effective method to prevent pain in newborns against painful techniques in 85% of the studies reviewed. The most frequent painful technique where tethanalgesia is used is blood sampling, followed by vaccines. The main benefits of the use of tethanalgesia in the face of painful techniques are the reduction of pain and crying time. Conclusion: Tetanalgesia is an effective method to reduce pain in neonates that are subjected to painful medical procedures due to their easy application and without side effects or risks.
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    COMPLICACIONES NEONATALES EN GESTIÓN POR ADICCIÓN AL ALCOHOL Y TABACO
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Enfermería, 2024-10-03) Montaguano PLaza, Nelly Tannia; Velasco Acurio, Evelin Fernanda
    Introduction: alcohol and tobacco, present in society for centuries, represent serious risks during pregnancy. Alcohol can cause serious fetal disorders, such as FASD, while tobacco is linked to low birth weight and breathing problems. Both increase the probability of premature birth and neonatal complications, requiring preventive actions and urgent treatment. Objective: to determine neonatal complications in pregnant women with alcohol and tobacco addiction. Methodology: it is a literature review of the literature between 2019 and 2024. Academic databases such as Sciencie Direct, Google Scholar, SciELO, PubMed and Boolean operators were used to broaden the search. The PRISMA method is used to assess the quality of the studies. Results: the initial information search revealed a total set of 1532 articles, of which 60 met the eligibility criteria. Of these, 46 were not relevant, leaving a total of 15 records that contributed to the fulfillment of the study objectives and were used to carry out the meta-analysis. Conclusion: the consumption of alcohol and tobacco during pregnancy causes several neonatal complications, among them we can mention premature birth, low birth weight, among others.
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    Causas de las infecciones vaginales en mujeres embarazadas
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/ Facultad de Ciencias de Salud /Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2023-03-01) Peñaranda Pérez, Erick Santiago; Noriega Puga, Vicente RubénDr. Mg.
    Introduction: Pregnant women are prone to acquiring infections, being the affections to the female reproductive system the most common, due to various factors. In this way, the causes, consequences, and types of infections attributed to the female reproductive system (vagina) are described below. Material and methods: A bibliographic study was carried out through articles, books and information certified as reliable on digital platforms such as Google Scholar, PubMed and Latindex in each period. Results: According to studies carried out, pregnant women today have good knowledge about vaginal infection, causes and the processes involved in acquiring it, but there is a lack of knowledge about its repercussions. In addition, another study emphasizes the poor feedback of information regarding the subject and associates it with the early age of women in entering a pregnant period. Discussion: The knowledge of pregnant women is mediated by technological means such as social networks, blogs, and web pages on the Internet. At the same time, the information collected by pregnant women is implicitly completely true, causing gaps in adequate knowledge about vaginal infections in pregnant women. Detection and prevention is mediated through laboratory analysis and the lifestyle of pregnant women, there being a wide variety of techniques and methods for the detection and identification of pathogens of vaginal infections, the main ones being those techniques and methods in samples of blood, urine and cervicovaginal secretion. Conclusion: The information found on the subject in question must be verified and consulted to guarantee correct knowledge of its effectiveness when identifying or preventing any infection in such a delicate period.
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    Comparación de la aplicación de las escalas NPASS y PIPP en la valoración del dolor en el neonato
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-10-12) Tipán Coello, Yadira Elizabeth; Guarate Coronel, Yeisy Cristina
    Objective: To compare the application of the NPASS scale vs the PIPP scale in the assessment of neonatal pain. Methods: A quantitative, descriptive, longitudinal and analytical study was carried out, evaluating pain in hospitalized neonates using both scales. The population consisted of 30 nursing professionals working in this service, being a census sample. Each participant in this study applied both the NPASS and the PIPP scales to assess pain in the neonate, and then answered the questionnaire of feasibility, clinical usefulness and nurses' preference by Xiao-Zhi Huang according to each scale applied. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results: The professionals agree that both scales are easy to use; however, the time for their application is an important factor to take into account. Conclusions: The NPASS scale showed a greater preference over the PIPP scale.
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    Conocimiento de las madres sobre el tamizaje neonatal para detectar enfermedades metabólicas genéticas
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Carrera de Enfermería, 2022-03-01) Tandalla Toapanta, Gissela Paola; Cusme Torres, Nadiehzka Amanda Lic. Mg.
    Objective: The level of knowledge of mothers about neonatal screening to detect congenital metabolic diseases attending the local health center was evaluated. Methodology: Quantitative study with a descriptive cross-sectional approach that applies the deductive method to generate conclusions from the results of the application of a survey to 45 selected participants through inclusion and exclusion criteria, respecting the bioethical principles of research in humans stipulated in the Declaration of Helsinki. Results and Discussion: After analyzing the information we can highlight that the study identified the predominant age between 21 to 30 years with 64.4%. The level of knowledge possessed by mothers is 84.4% in general characteristics and 31.1% in specific characteristics, while acceptance through the role played by the nurse obtained quite satisfactory levels, 100% say they have observed that. The nurse had all the materials available to carry out the test in this way, through the education and experience that the patient has, compliance with the examination is guaranteed. Conclusions: It is possible to identify the level of knowledge of the mothers who go to the health center to perform the screening test on their children, the level of knowledge is optimal when we talk about general characteristics, but we must emphasize in the education of the diseases that prevent examination and strengthen strategy
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    “Evaluación microbiológica de onfalitis en niños recien nacidos, en las parroquias rurales del cantón Saquisilí”
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Laboratorio Clínico, 2017-02-01) Acosta Toapanta, María José; Toro Villa, Lissette del Pilar Lic. Msc.
    The research project had as main objective to evaluate microorganisms of omphalitis, in newborn children, in the rural parishes of Saquisilí canton. Microbiological cultures were performed; In addition, it was possible to verify that there aren’t asepsis measures in the navel of the newborn, with these data could verify the hypothesis. The study was performed on 50 newborns of whom 24 were men, which means 48%; and 26 were women, representing 52%; the newborns’ ages were between 4 and 12 days of birth, with an average of 9 days, where the samples were taken. The 50 samples analyzed, they were taken from the navel secretion corresponding to 100%. In the 50 isolated samples there were bacterial growth, in which were found as pathogens: Escherichia coli in 12 cases it represents 24%, Proteus mirabilis in 2 cases represents 4%, Sthaphylococcus aureus in 13 cases it represents 26%, Sthaphylococcus epidermidis in 22 cases it represents 44%, Sthaphylococcus saprophyticus in 1 chars represents 2%. A continuous study of the incidence and prevalence of microorganisms and greater care should be taken with patient management to avoid posterior infections.
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    “Asfixia perinatal relacionado con los cuidados de enfermería”.
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato - Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud - Carrera de Enfermería, 2017-10-01) Toaquiza Chiliquinga, Verónica Pamela; Gavilanes Fray, Verónica del Pilar Lic. Esp.
    Perinatal asphyxia is the damage to the fetus caused by an abnormal fetal gas exchange in the newborn. Annually, approximately 130 million children are born worldwide, almost 2.5% are born dead and more than 3% die in the first 28 days of life. Objective: To analyze the factors that intervened in the presence of Perinatal Asphyxia and its relationship with nursing care. Methodology: a descriptive methodology was used to establish contact with reality to observe and describe it, its purpose is to formulate new approaches and to deepen the existing facts, and to increase a guide to prioritize nursing care. Results: it was based on the information collected in the clinical history, where it is possible to observe several health problems that affect the user, being this an important reason for the elaboration of a guide of nursing care, that helps to complement the attention of the Patient for proper management and achieve a better lifestyle, thus avoiding later complications. Conclusion: During the investigation it was identified that Perinatal Asphyxia is a disease that carries great difficulties that affect the normal development of the neonate, which must be treated immediately to avoid Cerebral Palsy