Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario para el caserío Montañitas de la parroquia el Triunfo, del cantón Patate, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Quilligana Chifla, Kerly Valeria; Moya Medina, Dilon GermánThis technical project develops the design of a sanitary sewerage system for the community of Montañitas, complying with current technical regulations and considering an exhaustive analysis of the topographic and demographic conditions of the area. Its main objective is to ensure the efficient collection, transport and treatment of wastewater, promoting the improvement of the inhabitants' quality of life and the preservation of water sources in accordance with the principles of sustainability. The methodology was structured in three main phases. The first consisted of data collection and analysis through field visits, using GNSS technology and drones to carry out an accurate and detailed topographic survey. This process made it possible to identify the geographic, demographic and urban characteristics of the sector, key information for the design of the system. In the second phase, data tabulation and technical calculations were developed, applying national and international standards similar to our current regulations, and several specialized civil engineering softwares were used. Piping, flow rates and velocities were dimensioned, ensuring the functionality and efficiency of the system. The last phase focused on the elaboration of construction plans, budget evaluation and implementation of a wastewater treatment plant, adapting the design to the specific conditions of the area and the needs of the community. The results show that, despite the challenges associated with the topography and the variability of the terrain, a design was achieved that guarantees efficiency in the transport and disposal of wastewater, consisting of 93 wells and 93 pipes. In addition, the network was complemented with 4 inspection chambers and 3 rectangular section canals along 3.38 km. The project will not only improve the quality of life of the inhabitants by reducing sanitary risks, but will also contribute to environmental protection by avoiding the contamination of vital resources and implementing viable technical solutions that favor sustainable development in rural areas.Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario para el sector Joya Alta, cantón Patate, provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Mesias Erazo, Marco Vinicio; Frías Torres, Alex XavierSanitary sewer systems are currently considered a basic service, as they are fundamental in preventing environmental pollution and protecting public health. For this reason, and in response to the need of the residents of the Joya Alta sector for a sanitary sewer system that ensures optimal quality of life, this project was carried out in three phases, allowing us to achieve the overall objective. In the first phase, a preliminary study of the sector's conditions was conducted. Surveys were carried out in all beneficiary households, and a georeferenced topographic survey was completed. In the second phase, the necessary parameters were determined to design an optimal system that complies with the specifications established by current national standards, as well as international standards that align with Ecuadorian regulations. Finally, in the third phase, an economic analysis of the proposal was performed. Additionally, beyond the established objectives, an evaluation of both the infrastructure and the proper functioning of the components of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in the La Joya community was conducted. This evaluation ensures the treatment of wastewater generated by the design of this sanitary sewer network. Upon completing the design, the following results were obtained: the sanitary sewer network of the Joya Alta sector spans a total of 2.586 km, including 72 inspection manholes and 70 PVC pipe segments, covering a total study area of 27.13 hectares. Furthermore, it was verified that the network meets the guidelines established in the standards applied to this project. Finally, a construction schedule was established for a period of four months, with a total budget of $235,543,12. The project will improve sanitary and environmental conditions while promoting economic and social development in the Joya Alta sector.Item Diseño del alcantarillado sanitario y pluvial del caserío Sigsipamba de la parroquia de Picaihua del cantón Ambato provincia de Tungurahua etapa 2(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Cruz Andrade, Jeycob Israel; Guevara Robalino, Jorge JavierA sanitary sewer system is considered an essential service for the population due to its impact on people's health and hygiene, while a storm sewer system does not help prevent flooding and natural disasters. Despite this, in the Picaihua parish, Ambato canton, Tungurahua province, there are many sectors that lack this service. Because of this, the objective of this technical project is to design the sanitary and storm sewer system, including its treatment plant, for the Sigsipamba hamlet. The methodology used in this project was in several phases: in the first phase, the design parameters were determined, which provide us with technical values and criteria to size and plan our project, and the obtaining of data, which includes the topographic survey, which provides us with georeferenced points of our project. Subsequently, the design of the sanitary, storm sewer and PTAR was carried out in accordance with the Bolivian standard NB 688 and the current regulatory framework of Senagua. In the final phase, a unit price analysis of the project was carried out, which gives us an approximate value of the construction cost of the project. The result was a sanitary and storm sewer network of 26 wells and 25 pipes for both the sanitary and storm sewers with a length of 972.32 m, and a flow rate of 11.94 lt/sg and 490.65 lt/sg respectively. As for the wastewater treatment plant, the following were obtained: an inlet channel, grate, sand trap, septic tank, in addition to the drying bed and the ascending flow biological filter, which meet the established parameters. Finally, the Unit Price Analysis of the project was determined, which is the value of five hundred and fifty-five thousand one hundred and thirty-one US dollars and seventy-four cents.Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario para el sector de Nitón perteneciente al cantón San Pedro de Pelileo de la provincia de Tungurahua.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil., 2025-02) Andrade Vejar, Kerly Marcela; Moya Medina, Dilon GermanSewer networks are necessary to improve the quality of life of people who have this service; For this reason, the objective of this project is to design the sanitary sewer system for the Nitón sector belonging to the San Pedro de Pelileo canton in the province of Tungurahua. For its implementation, the project was divided into three different stages that guaranteed an adequate design, starting with the topographic survey that helped us determine slopes and elevations, then the design parameters were established respecting each of the standards mentioned, especially the Bolivian Standard NB 688, which was in charge of the formulas; in order to determine the layout of pipes and location of each of the wells within the project, complying in the same way with hydraulic gradients and velocities, a study of the existing population and its water consumption was then carried out. Finally, an economic study was detailed, in which the items were identified and later the technical specifications, APUs and the final budget of said design were drawn up. The result was a sanitary sewer network consisting of 123 wells, of which 30 were jump wells, including 20 wells connected by means of a 0.40 by 0.40m square concrete channel in the final section that enters the WWTP in order to reduce the speed of the flows. As for the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), the result was the design of an inlet channel, two screens, two sedimentation tanks, a percolator and a sludge drying bed. Finally, it was concluded that the designs carried out are satisfactory, since they comply with each of the values established within the aforementioned standards.Item Diseño de la red de alcantarillado sanitario y del PTAR para el sector Uchanchi, del cantón Guano, provincia de Chimborazo(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2025-02) Moyota Tixi, Katheryn Nayeli; Frías Torres, Alex XavierThe rural community of Uchanchi in the Guano canton lacks an adequate sanitation system, which represents a critical challenge for public health and the environment, in addition to directly influencing the quality of life of its inhabitants, their economic and social development. In this context, this technical project addresses the design of a sanitary sewer system and a wastewater treatment plant for the community, which currently has 603 inhabitants and is projected to grow to 799 inhabitants in the next 25 years. An analysis of the social-demographic situation of the study site was carried out, supported by the application of surveys, the collection of topographic information and a study of water consumption, which allowed the estimation of the design parameters and the definition of the layout of the network, elements necessary for the sizing of the pipes and compliance with the hydraulic requirements established by SENAGUA in the CO 10.7-601 and CO 10.7-602 standards. In this way, a total of 263 inspection wells and 290 pipes with an internal diameter of 200 mm were projected. Likewise, after an analysis of the wastewater, the necessary treatment stages of the WWTP were proposed to guarantee compliance with current regulations. The design included initial screening, two sedimentation tanks, two upflow anaerobic filters (FAFA) and a dried sludge bed. As a result, the project includes an economic study with the identification of 53 items along with their corresponding technical specifications and unit price analysis (APU). The budget determined for the implementation of the system is 1 366 647.90 dollars with an execution period of 48 weeks. Finally, the results of the design were reflected in the general and detailed plans, accompanied by the respective spreadsheets.Item Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario y su planta de tratamiento de la comunidad de Saar Entsa, del cantón Huamboya, de la provincia de Morona Santiago para preservar la calidad de vida del sector(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-08) Guamán Arévalo, Estefani Geomaira; Moya Medina, Dilon GermánSewage systems are an essential complement to guarantee good health and prevent natural disasters. However, several of the Huamboya communities lack this type of service. Therefore, the objective of this technical project is to design the sanitary sewage system for the community of Saar Entsa, including the design of the wastewater treatment plant. For this technical project, first of all, the main design parameters were considered, which consisted of carrying out a topographic survey, diagnostics through population surveys, study of drinking water consumption and analysis of this. Consequently, in the second phase a design was determined in accordance with the Bolivian Standard NB 688 and the current Senagua Standards, and in the third phase the economic evaluation of the technical project was determined. Therefore, the results obtained in this technical project were the determination of 44 wells and 52 pipes, with a length of 2.72 km, considering that, for initial sections, the velocities and tractive tension were lower than the corresponding ones; Also, and no less important, is the design for the treatment plant, highlighting pretreatment, primary and secondary treatment and a sludge drying bed, where the total inlet flow meets and satisfies each of the established parameters, therefore , it is concluded that the final budget, with which the construction would be carried out, is valued at 311,794.74 dollars and with a period of 5 months.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Santa Lucía La Libertad perteneciente al Cantón Tisaleo, provincia deTungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-07) Mediavilla Rivadeneira, Edwin Patricio; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoThe evaluation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) was carried out due to the need to update the existing implementation plans, as well as the lack of maintenance that is evident in the terrain and in the units that make up the WWTP, producing bad odors and contamination that represent a danger to the residents near the area. The methodology used for the present experimental work was carried out in 5 stages: the first was the collection of primary information from the WWTP; then a field investigation was carried out, obtaining current dimensions of the treatment train units and measuring inlet and outlet flow rates; in stage 3 a laboratory analysis was carried out with samples of the influent and effluent, while in stage 4 a technical diagnosis of the operation of each component was made to detect problems resolved in the final stage with a proposal for improvement of the WWTP. Due to the presence of 62.94 percent manganese in the effluent, an inlet velocity of 0.62 m/sec at the screen, which is higher than that stipulated in the regulations, and the deterioration of some units, the following was proposed: a final filter composed of limestone in its filtering bed, lechuguines plants and a conduit to discharge the effluent into the Palagua River; replacement of the screening screen along with broken pipes of the treatment train and finally an operation and maintenance plan for the WWTP units with their respective reference budgets.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad San Juan cantón Tisaleo provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-06) Sailema Cholota, Lourdes Guadalupe; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoThe Wastewater Treatment Plant of the San Juan community was carried out because it presented different problems such as structural deterioration in the treatment train, deficiency in the wastewater purification processes and the presence of vegetation in all hydraulic units, this due to the lack of proper maintenance on the system. The evaluation began with the topographic survey and collection of information on the current state of the WWTP, then the measurement of flows in the influent and effluent was carried out to obtain the day of greatest demand that served to take composite samples that were sent to the laboratory. to analyze the most important parameters and compare them with the regulations, the same ones that demonstrated non-compliance with ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphate; A diagnosis of all the hydraulic structures was carried out, resulting in the septic tank and the drying bed meeting their objective, however there were problems with the distributor box and the trickling filter. For this reason, improvements were proposed such as the placement of a new screening grid that complies with the parameters established in CONAGUA, redesign of the sprinkling system in the biological filter to eliminate the non-contact area of the filter bed, uniformly distributing the effluent and the construction of a secondary decanter to recover the biomass generated from the biological filter; finally, an operation and maintenance manual for the plant's hydraulic units was created with their respective frequency and reference budget.Item Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector condesan de la parroquia Quisapincha del cantón Ambato de la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Campaña Ávila, Génesis Betsabé; Morales Fiallos, Fabián RodrigoThe treatment plant under study is designed for the treatment of domestic wastewater; however, despite the fact that the WWTP is operational, its operation causes inconvenience to the inhabitants of the surrounding areas and those who pass through the sector, since it emits bad odors, causing environmental pollution. This research was carried out in three stages: the first was a topographic survey of the plant area, which is 586.15 square meters, and data was collected on its components and system (distribution tank, valve box, revision boxes, septic tank, upflow anaerobic filter, sludge drying bed, outlet well). In the second, the maximum wastewater flows of the influent and effluent of the treatment plant for 30 days for 8 hours per day were estimated using a quantitative method, as well as the analysis of the composite sample that was tested in the Quality Control Laboratory of the Public Company EP-EMAPA-A, using qualitative methodology, in order to verify whether the pollutant load of the WWTP complies with the parameters of the TULSMA 2015 regulations, Book VI: Table 8. Discharge limits to the public sewage system and Table 9. Discharge limits to a freshwater body. As a result, an operation and maintenance plan was proposed for the WWTP. It is worth mentioning that the efficiency of the treatment plant is favorable, even though there is no adequate maintenance and cleaning of the area in question.Item Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de Tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector valle Mulinliví de la parroquia la victoria, perteneciente al Cantón Pujilí, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Veintimilla Herrera, Marcos Adán; Cañizares Proaño, Byron GenaroThe present experimental work is focused on the evaluation of the correct operation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), located in the parish of La Victoria; for which the national and international regulations in force were used, since the treated water flows into a dry creek located in an area that is undergoing population and commercial growth. First, a general information survey was carried out: location, on-site visits, etc. In addition to the aforementioned, flow measurements were taken in the influent and effluent for 30 consecutive days, using the concepts and techniques recommended by Metcalf & Eddy. It was also necessary to collect composite samples in the inflow and outflow using the standards and techniques established in the Standard Methods for the Analysis of Drinking and Waste Water (SMWW); to transport the samples to a laboratory using the NTE INEN 2 169:1998 standard. With the results obtained in the laboratory, which gives us to know the physical, chemical and biological properties of the water under study, we proceeded to compare with the limits allowed by the TULSMA to discharge treated water into a body of fresh water, complemented with a technical analysis of the dimensions of the existing treatment units, with the minimum design parameters recommended by CONAGUA and PAHO, viable alternatives are proposed, which generate a solution to the treatment system, such as implementing: A split tank with bypass, a FAFA and a sludge drying bed.