Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica
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Item Diseño de las obras de captación, conducción, almacenamiento y distribución del sistema de riego tecnificado en el barrio Miraflores, parroquia Saquisilí, cantón Saquisilí, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Romero Espinosa, Julio César; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego SebastiánAgriculture is one of the main economic activities carried out in Miraflores, Saquisilí, Saquisilí, Cotopaxi. But, despite this, Miraflores lacks an irrigation systems that contributes to agricultural production. For these reasons, the execution of this technical project is proposed, which consists of the design of the infrastructure for the collection, conduction, storage, and distribution of the technical irrigation system of this neighborhood. To begin with, Miraflores’ biophysical and environmental data were collected. Subsequently, a topographic survey was carried out applying photogrammetric techniques using GNSS IMU-RTK receivers and drones. Then the design of the sprinkler irrigation system was executed, which was divided into two stages: agronomic design and hydraulic design. While the first one consists of determining the irrigation water needs, the second one has the purpose of defining the dimensions and operation of the elements that make up the system. Finally, the referential budget of this technical project and an environmental management plan were established. The Miraflores’ sprinkler irrigation system consists of a 150-meter-deep water extraction well; a conduction pipe of 617.45 meters fed by a submersible electric pump of 15.00 horsepower; a storage tank of 100.80 cubic meters of capacity; and a branched distribution network of 5712.92 meters.Item Diseño hidráulico de redes principales y parcelarias del sistema de riego por aspersión para mejorar la calidad agricola del sector Chaupiloma II, cantòn Pillaro(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Verdesoto Tenorio, Breslyn Manena; Paredes Beltrán, Bolívar EduardoThis technical project began with a socialization about the technified irrigation system since in the community there is the type of gravity irrigation, therefore the project will benefit the community, it was carried out in the general assembly of the community of Chaupiloma II Continuing with the process in the second meeting an agreement was reached with the owners according to the technical specifications and they decide to accept the semi-fixed irrigation system. Once the approval of the inhabitants was obtained, data collection began (topographic survey, data from the meteorological station of the Pisayambo station, etc.), with the aim of starting with the proposed designs (parcel design and main network). The parcel design process was continued using the IRRICAD V15 Software, simultaneously with this process the designs of the main network were made with the help of the AutoCad Civil 3D Software. With the plot designs, the diameters of the pipes that would be used, the number of sprinklers and the shift for each plot were determined, on the other hand, it was possible to determine with the design of the main network the diameter of the main pipe taken from the tank. existing reservoir in the area, the design of the sand removal system and the different accessories. The project was designed with an initial flow of 25.78lt/s, knowing that the sector is divided into three branches, the same as the data would be the following: Branch 1 (7.65lt/s), Branch (9.46 lt/s) and Branch 3 (8.67lt/s).Item Estudio de un proyecto de distribución de riego por aspersión georreferenciado con Dron(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2020-09) Chimborazo Chimbo, Walter Rodrigo; Paredes Cabezas, Geovanny AnibalThe objective of the present investigation was to execute the study of a georeferenced irrigation distribution project with an unmanned aerial vehicle also called a drone, to lead a topographic survey and thus determine the degree of reliability and precision in the irrigation design. The methodology starts with the planning of the terretial control, executing the topographic work in the field that satisfies the required accuracy in the survey of the control points with a high precision GPS, continuing with the programming of the flight that must be followed for the taking of the aerial photographs which was planned through the DroneDeploy application, ending with the processing of the same through the Agisoft Photoscan software, with the objetive of obtaining various products such as the orthophoto, dense point cloud, digital terrain models, etc. As a conclusion to the experimental work, the hydraulic design for the irrigation project was developed, in which the design criteria, calculation parameters and the design of the sprinkler irrigation distribution network (layout, pipeline hydraulics, sprinklers) were determined.), for which it was necessary to have the contour lines that were generated with the processing of the photographs. The drone use manual was prepared, which has a clear guide in an orderly manner, representing a contribution for further research towards people who wish to carry through and execute a project of this type.Item Diseño de un sistema de riego por aspersión, incorporando estructuras de tratamiento preventivo, con un manual de operación y mantenimiento, en la comunidad “El Galpón”, cantón Salcedo, provincia de Cotopaxi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2017) Caiza Changoluisa, Alex Mauricio; Paredes Beltrán, Bolívar EduardoItem Diseño y fabricación de un emisor de goteo para riego tecnificado parcelario de cultivo de mora en el cantón Pelileo(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Carrera de Ingeniería Mecánica, 2017) Zúñiga Sánchez, Juan Diego; Núñez Núñez, Diego FernandoThe purpose of this technical project is to manufacture and design an agricultural irrigation sender to improve the irrigation systems currently available for sale in the local market, studying their advantages and disadvantages in order to improve their operating conditions. The new drip emitter design aims to perform computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis by finite volume method (MVF) to improve the design of the path through which the fluid flows directly affecting the general operation of the emitter Of dripping. The manufacture of the drip emitter is by means of 3D printing that at present is a method of rapid prototyping that allows the construction of new models. The CFD simulation was performed from 3 different geometries which were analyzed in detail to select the geometry that best present operating conditions, so it was chosen the geometry that has a more stable velocity along the flow path and the smaller quantity Of regions of low speed. For its manufacture must take into account the precision provided by the 3D printer therefore the geometry should not have details smaller than 1mm. The results obtained by the numerical simulation to be compared with the measured results have a 14.5% error of the discharge flow at different pressures, reason why it can be considered acceptable when taking into account that the process of manufacture of the prototype has many Limitations.Item Sistema de riego y su incidencia en la producción agrícola del sector El Calvario de la parroquia Panzaleo, cantón Salcedo, provincia de Cotopaxi(2015-04) Toro Moreno, Jhoana Cristina; D-T. Pazmiño, FranciscoEl sector El Calvario presenta una producción agrícola sumamente baja, es por ello que se generan varios problemas, tales como pocos ingresos económicos, baja plusvalía, migración, entre otros. Mediante investigaciones de campo y encuestas se identificó la situación actual del agua de regadío en el sector El Calvario, por lo cual se determina la necesidad de realizar un estudio para la implementación de un sistema de riego por aspersión, el cual incrementará la producción agrícola, además beneficiará a 44 familias y proporcionará agua de regadío a 17.26 hectáreas. La propuesta consiste en el diseño de una planta de tratamiento, conducción, estructura de almacenamiento, distribución principal y secundaria para cada una de las parcelas. Todas estas estructuras han sido diseñadas considerando el caudal otorgado por la Secretaría del Agua y patrón de cultivos. Una vez culminado el diseño se realizó los planos en el programa Autocad Civil 3D y el presupuesto referencial en Microsoft Excel.Item El agua de riego y su incidencia en la producción agrícola de un terreno en la parroquia Santa Rosa de la ciudad de Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua(2011) Saltos Salazar, Diego ArmandoLa presente investigación tiene como tema: "El agua de riego y su incidencia en la producción agrícola de un terreno en la parroquia Santa Rosa de la ciudad de Ambato, provincia de Tungurahua". La modalidad básica de la investigación es de campo, gabinete y documental bibliográfica, el nivel alcanzado es de tipo exploratorio, descriptivo y explicativo. La importancia que tiene el impulso de nuevas tecnologías de riego radica en la racionalización del consumo de agua en la producción agrícola y la eficiencia máxima que se puede lograr de los recursos existentes, así como mejoras en la calidad y cantidad de dicha producción. En la parroquia Santa Rosa no son comunes los sistemas de riego tecnificado, es por ello que resulta relavante estudiar la factibilidad de la implantación de un sistema de riego por aspersión y la introducción de nuevos cultivos, que de acuerdo al clima y tipo de suelo pueden desarrollarse con eficacia y arrojar mejores resultados en lo económico y social. La propuesta consiste entonces, en realizar el diseño modular de un sistema de riego por aspersión, por supuesto adoptando el tipo de captación, reserva y distribución del agua en un terreno típico, que sirva como ejemplo y que pueda ser tomado en cuenta como referente en cualquier sector de la parroquia.