Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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    Diseño del sistema de alcantarillado sanitario y pluvial, con la respectiva depuración para mejorar la calidad de vida, de la parroquia Tálag, del cantón Tena, provincia de Napo
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Paredes Yanchapanta, Luis Jonathan; Torres Bermeo, Harold Alejandro; Núñez Aldás, Galo Wilfrido
    This project is focused on the need to propose a design for a sanitary and rainwater sewer system, along with its respective treatment, due to the fact that in the Talag parish a high rate of illnesses has been reported. This is because of the lack of basic sanitation, and despite being a highly touristic area, these systems are not in place. To carry out the project, a topographic survey of the area was conducted using a total station, and two geodetic points implanted by the Tena GAD were used to ensure minimum error reliability. With this, the surface of the land was obtained using software, and the sanitary and rainwater design was elaborated, taking into account current regulations in the country and ensuring the proper functioning of the sewer network. Additionally, an analysis of wastewater was conducted, which allowed for the identification of ten parameters used in the design of the wastewater treatment plant. A total sewer network of 10,978 meters was obtained, and a wastewater treatment plant was designed that includes screening, sand removal, sludge drying bed, Imhoff tank, and biological filter. This information, along with the plans, will be delivered to the Talag parish GAD for their benefit, which will have an impact on the socio-economic development and improve the quality of life of the inhabitants of the Talag parish.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Rumipamba, parroquia Rumipamba, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-09) Villacis Villacis, Myriam Andrea; Silva Tipantasig, Lenin Gabriel
    In the present experimental work, an Evaluation of the PTAR was carried out in order to verify if it complies with the standards of functionality and efficiency in its processes. The initial works carried out in the treatment plant of the Community began with a tour of the site where the current facilities were known and inspected, then began with a topographic survey that revealed the current state of the treatment plant, for this process a drone was used for the respective aerial photo and a total station to raise the information of the system. Once the field work was finished, the measurement of both inlet and outlet flows was carried out using the volumetric method, during the 7 days for two weeks, in order to determine the day with the highest influx and to know the maximum and minimum flows with which the WWTP works. Once the effluent measurement intakes were completed, the sampling of the inlet and outlet flows was carried out, which were sent to be analyzed in the laboratories of the UNACH, knowing the result of the analysis parameters, we proceeded to compare the polluting loads that are treated in the plant with the parameters of permitted discharge of wastewater in freshwater bodies.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Hualcanga San Luis, cantón Quero, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2022-06) Benalcázar Aguas, Emilio Andrés; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The purpose of the present work was to evaluate the current operation of the wastewater treatment plant in the community of Hualcanga San Luis, Quero canton, Tungurahua’s province. For this purpose, an inspection of the facilities was made, and then the inlet and outlet flow rates were measured using the volumetric method for seven consecutive days. This made it possible to determine the maximum and minimum flows with which the WWTP works. Once these flows were measured, wastewater samples were taken. These samples were sent to the Environmental Services Laboratory of the UNACH´s University for analysis of the pollutant load. The results showed that the current processes: distribution tank, septic tank, sludge drying bed and ascending biological filter do not meet the maximum removal parameters established in the TULSMA 2015 standard. Once the current operation of the WWTP was evaluated, a redesign of the current stages and the design of new stages were carried out, which are: desander and an oil and grease trap. These improvements together with the redesigned stages will allow the plant to operate correctly, respecting the values allowed by the regulations, because at present the discharge of these waters is a source of pollution for the environment. Finally, a maintenance and operation plan was proposed to ensure that the WWTP functions optimally.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la parroquia Poatug, cantón Patate, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2020) Izurieta Pazmiño, Víctor Hugo; Maldonado Narvaez, Lenin Rafael
    In the present experimental project, the Evaluation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) located in Poatug Parish of the Patate City in Tungurahua province was carried out with the objective of verify whether it is fulfilling the purpose for which it was built properly. The evaluation of the WWTP of the Poatug Parish began with a research of information of the WWTP of this current state. The flow of residual water is determined both at the entrance and at the exit of the WWTP and the important hours in which greater and lesser amount of residual water enters the WWTP during the day. In addition, a sample of the wastewater from the WWTP was conducted, which was analyzed in a certify laboratory in order to determine the contaminant load that is treated in the plant and compare with the parameters for wastewater discharges in rivers established in the TULSMA 2015. The current treatment process was evaluated (primary sedimentation, septic tank, Anaerobic Upstream Flow Filter and sludge drying bed) used to remove contaminants present in the incoming wastewater and it is found that it only removes approximately 40% of contaminants, which indicated that the WWTP is not working properly. On the other hand, it was found that several of its hydraulic structures are not maintained with the parameters established in the design manuals of the treatment plants. Finally, it is proposed to incorporate a new treatment process (inlet box, screening, sand trap, Anaerobic Upstream Flow Filter and sludge drying bed) so that the wastewater treated in the WWTP theoretically removes about 90% of the contaminants in an efficient way. On the other hand, an Operation and Maintenance Plan proposed so that the WWTP will have a proper functioning.