Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica

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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad San Juan cantón Tisaleo provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-06) Sailema Cholota, Lourdes Guadalupe; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The Wastewater Treatment Plant of the San Juan community was carried out because it presented different problems such as structural deterioration in the treatment train, deficiency in the wastewater purification processes and the presence of vegetation in all hydraulic units, this due to the lack of proper maintenance on the system. The evaluation began with the topographic survey and collection of information on the current state of the WWTP, then the measurement of flows in the influent and effluent was carried out to obtain the day of greatest demand that served to take composite samples that were sent to the laboratory. to analyze the most important parameters and compare them with the regulations, the same ones that demonstrated non-compliance with ammoniacal nitrogen and phosphate; A diagnosis of all the hydraulic structures was carried out, resulting in the septic tank and the drying bed meeting their objective, however there were problems with the distributor box and the trickling filter. For this reason, improvements were proposed such as the placement of a new screening grid that complies with the parameters established in CONAGUA, redesign of the sprinkling system in the biological filter to eliminate the non-contact area of the filter bed, uniformly distributing the effluent and the construction of a secondary decanter to recover the biomass generated from the biological filter; finally, an operation and maintenance manual for the plant's hydraulic units was created with their respective frequency and reference budget.
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    Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de Tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector valle Mulinliví de la parroquia la victoria, perteneciente al Cantón Pujilí, provincia de Cotopaxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Veintimilla Herrera, Marcos Adán; Cañizares Proaño, Byron Genaro
    The present experimental work is focused on the evaluation of the correct operation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), located in the parish of La Victoria; for which the national and international regulations in force were used, since the treated water flows into a dry creek located in an area that is undergoing population and commercial growth. First, a general information survey was carried out: location, on-site visits, etc. In addition to the aforementioned, flow measurements were taken in the influent and effluent for 30 consecutive days, using the concepts and techniques recommended by Metcalf & Eddy. It was also necessary to collect composite samples in the inflow and outflow using the standards and techniques established in the Standard Methods for the Analysis of Drinking and Waste Water (SMWW); to transport the samples to a laboratory using the NTE INEN 2 169:1998 standard. With the results obtained in the laboratory, which gives us to know the physical, chemical and biological properties of the water under study, we proceeded to compare with the limits allowed by the TULSMA to discharge treated water into a body of fresh water, complemented with a technical analysis of the dimensions of the existing treatment units, with the minimum design parameters recommended by CONAGUA and PAHO, viable alternatives are proposed, which generate a solution to the treatment system, such as implementing: A split tank with bypass, a FAFA and a sludge drying bed.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector El Chilco - La Esperanza del cantón Tisaleo de la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2024-02) Sisa Aguagallo, Alex Gustavo; Moya Medina, Dilon Germán
    The various problems existing in the Treatment Plant such as unpleasant odors, deficiency in the wastewater treatment processes, lack of signage of the units, the excessive growth of unwanted vegetation within the facilities and units of the plant as a result of the lack of maintenance and an operation manual carried out the evaluation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) in the El Chilco – La Esperanza neighborhood of the Tisaleo canton. For the experimental work, it began with the collection of information, the topographic survey and the dimensions of each existing component in the WWTP. The times of highest demand were determined, measuring the inlet and outlet flows of the WWTP, and composite samples of the influent and effluent were collected and then analyzed for physicochemical characteristics in a laboratory to determine water quality parameters. These results were verified with the TULSMA 2015 regulations, revealing that the pH levels are within the range, according to the TULSMA, COD and BOD5 do not meet the efficiency values, so a FAFA is implemented. In addition, an analysis of each hydraulic unit was carried out, and it was concluded that all of them meet the criteria established in the design guidelines and manuals for water treatment facilities. To conclude, proposals are presented that include the incorporation of floating macrophytes in the anaerobic filter that was previously implemented, in addition to a specific operation and maintenance manual for the WWTP
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de agua potable Santa Rita de la parroquia San Andrés del cantón Santiago de Píllaro de la provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-09) Toalombo Pacheco, Eva Doménica; Chérrez Gavilanes, Diego Sebastián
    The present experimental work focuses on the evaluation of the Santa Rita drinking water treatment plant, in which theoretical guidelines, objectives, justifications and current regulations were used. This service benefits three sectors, making it the largest plant in the canton. In the first place, information was collected: the location, field visits and data from reports generated in the Píllaro GAD was collected, as well as a diagnosis of the operational status of the treatment units; the measurement of the influent and effluent flows was carried out during seven consecutive days; Analyzes of the physical, chemical and biological properties of the inlet and outlet water were carried out, for these analyzes all the collected water samples were carried out following the NTE INEN 2 176:1998 regulations, and for the transfer to the laboratories the regulation NTE INEN 2 169:1998, in a qualified laboratory. With the results obtained by the water analysis, we proceed to compare with the guidelines established in the TULSMA regulations and in the INEN 1108 regulations; and, also with a technical analysis on the dimensions in accordance with the regulated parameters, finally, viable alternatives are proposed, which generate a solution to the water treatment system, such as a sand removal tank and the dosage of coagulant material that is aluminum sulfate. and as well as the chlorine-gas dosage. The purpose of this evaluation is to protect the health of the people who receive the service, mitigating any disease and ensuring that the staffing is adequate
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad Chinintahua parroquia de San Andrés, cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Rodas Segarra, Pablo Junior; Castro Solorzano, Fidel Alberto
    The main problem in society is water contamination, for this reason, in the present experimental work information was presented to determine the operation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant located in the San Miguel de Chinintahua sector, said information gave to know if throughout its useful life the efficiency in the removal of contaminants within the wastewater has decreased or has been maintained. First, a topographical survey was carried out, in which all the hydraulic units were dimensioned; The measurement of the inlet and outlet flows of the WWTP was carried out by means of the volumetric method. Subsequent to this, composite samples were taken in the influent and effluent of the WWTP and a characterization analysis was carried out; then, the results were compared with the current regulations (TULSMA 2015), and the levels of pH, COD, BOD5, ST, SST, TDS that are below the limits allowed for the discharge of wastewater in bodies of water were obtained. sweet. A visual diagnosis was made to each hydraulic unit to detect failures that affect the treatment of wastewater. Finally, an operation and maintenance manual was implemented to comply with the correct operation of the WWTP, which included a metal cover for the sludge drying bed, and thus, increase the dewatering of residual sludge. Cleaning and maintenance measures were also incorporated for each hydraulic unit in the WWTP.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del barrio Cuicuno de la parroquia Guaytacama perteneciente al cantón Latacunga, provincia de Cotopaxi – Ecuador
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Arias Meneses, Jazmín Sthephany; Paredes Beltrán, Bolívar Eduardo
    The evaluation of the Cuicuno neighborhood treatment plant is necessary because the WWTP presents an evident deterioration of the infrastructure, lack of functionality and odor problems, this is a fundamental process to ensure its operational efficiency, regulatory compliance and environmental sustainability. This periodic review will make it possible to identify areas for improvement, optimize processes and guarantee the quality of the treated effluent before it is discharged into the environment. The evaluation began with a detailed analysis of the plant and its infrastructure, including a review of the treatment equipment and systems that make up the WWTP, such as sand traps, biological filters, and septic tanks. Treatment capacity was evaluated based on current and projected demand to ensure that the plant is adequately sized. In addition, the efficiency of the treatment process was analyzed by measuring key parameters, laboratory tests and online monitoring are carried out to assess the performance of the WWTP. The assessment also included an analysis of compliance with local and national environmental standards and regulations. Compliance with various parameters such as BOD, COD, pH and heavy metals were obtained within the results, these results ensure that the effluent does not cause negative impacts on the receiving environment. In conclusion, it was possible to corroborate that the WWTP does work, but only partially. The results of the assessment will provide a roadmap for implementing improvements, ensuring that the plant continues to be a vital part of protecting the environment and public health.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales en el barrio sur San Miguel de la parroquia Mulliquindil de Santa Ana, cantón Salcedo, provincia de Cotopaxi
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-08) Fernández Atiaja, Alex Steven; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The assessment of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP) was conducted due to various issues, including unwanted vegetation proliferation and unpleasant odors within the facilities and surrounding areas, resulting from inadequate system maintenance. The experimental work began with data collection and a topographic survey of the component dimensions. Additionally, the inflow and outflow flow rates of the treatment plant were measured to determine peak demand hours. Composite samples of influent and effluent were collected and analyzed for physicochemical characteristics in a laboratory. In order to determine the most important parameters for water quality, these results were compared with the TULSMA 2015 regulations, revealing that pH, COD, BOD5, suspended solids, and total solids levels, with the exception of ammonia nitrogen, were below the permissible limits for discharge into a freshwater body. Furthermore, a diagnosis was carried out for each hydraulic unit of the WWTP, determining that, except for the sludge drying bed, all units meet the parameters established in the design guides and manuals for treatment plants. Lastly, proposed solutions included implementing floating macrophytes on the surface of the upflow anaerobic filter, redesigning the sludge drying bed with a cover, and creating an operation and maintenance manual for the WWTP along with its corresponding budget estimate.
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    Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Tres Esquinas de la parroquia Presidente Urbina, perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Culqui Llamuca, Giovanna Lissette; Guevara Robalino, Jorge Javier
    At present, a serious environmental impact has been observed due to the discharge of wastewater without prior treatment or without adequate sanitation, in order to know if the wastewater treatment plant (PTAR) in the Tres Esquinas sector currently works correctly or has reduced its efficiency in the removal of contaminants, an information survey was carried out in the field, where the maximum flow rates at the entrance and exit of the plant were determined, resulting in 2.40 liters/sec in the tributary and 2.02 liters/sec in the effluent, and thus obtain residual water samples for subsequent laboratory analysis. With the laboratory results and their respective dimensions, the operation of the plant components was evaluated, which are: flow distribution tank, septic tank, ascending flow anaerobic filter (FAFA) and sludge drying bed, demonstrating in mostly the correct operation of the WWTP compared to design manuals; adding that the values of the parameters of the wastewater effluent are less than the maximum values stipulated in the TULSMA 2015 standard. As a result, and to improve the performance of the WWTP, a resizing of the septic tank is proposed, the only component that did not comply with the sizing based on the RAS 2000 standard, additionally an operation and maintenance plan for it is presented, the design of an enclosure and a cover for the sludge drying bed with their respective plans and referential budget.
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    Evaluación de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales del sector Urbina centro de la parroquia presidente Urbina, perteneciente al cantón Santiago de Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Valle Urrutia, Bryan Germán; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    The purpose of the study was to determine whether the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of the Urbina Centro sector of the Píllaro canton, which is known to have been operating for 8 years, currently meets the expected requirements. For this purpose, a survey of all the existing infrastructure was carried out, as well as the volume of flow both in and out of the plant, and in terms of contamination, the physicochemical parameters such as PH, BOD, COD, Total Dissolved Solids and Total Solids were evaluated. Regarding the unit operation of the plant, the following parameters were identified and evaluated: screening, sand trap, upflow anaerobic filter, upflow anaerobic reactor and sludge drying tank, in order to demonstrate that the plant works efficiently, comparing it with guidelines and design manuals for WWTPs and effluent outflows, which is TULSMA, for discharge into freshwater bodies, design manuals of CONAGUA and OPS. After the field and laboratory research, it was determined that it is not necessary to implement a redesign of the WWTP, all this due to the great efficiency it shows when compared to the standard, however, it was possible to give certain recommendations for the system to operate more efficiently.
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    Evaluación del funcionamiento de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales de la comunidad de Andahualo, perteneciente al cantón Píllaro, provincia de Tungurahua
    (Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica, Carrera de Ingeniería Civil, 2023-03) Barros Manotoa, Klever Leonardo; Morales Fiallos, Fabián Rodrigo
    An inadequate operation of the Wastewater Treatment Plant (PTAR) of the Andahualo community, in the Píllaro canton, causes the environment where the treated water is discharged to become contaminated, putting public health at risk and affecting the flora and fauna. fauna of the sector, it is for this reason that in the present experimental work the operation of the installation was evaluated, to determine if the WWTP purifies the residual water in optimal conditions. Through documentary research, the current status of the WWTP was verified and through field work, the inlet and outlet flow were measured for a month, additionally, samples of residual water from the influent and effluent were taken and sent to a qualified laboratory. For the analysis of the physical-chemical parameters of said samples, the results obtained were compared with the TULSMA 2015 standard. In addition, a technical diagnosis of each stage of treatment of the plant was made, which includes screening grid, sand remover, UASB reactor, upflow biological filters and sludge drying, which made it possible to verify that the treatment plant is in optimal conditions to treat wastewater from the sector. Finally, recommendations were proposed that will allow the plant to improve its operation.