Ciencias Agropecuarias
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Item Aislamiento de microorganismos benéficos asociados en plantas sanas de fresa (Fragaria x Ananassa) en la comunidad Angahuana Bajo(2025-02) Iza Bravo Liliana Patricia; Pomboza Tamaquiza Pedro PabloThe present study carried out on the isolation of associated beneficial microorganisms in healthy strawberry plants (Fraggaria ananassa). Soil samples were obtained from strawberry crops located in the Angahuana Bajo community, Santa Rosa Parish. It was obtained from 8 plants from two plots. Culture media were prepared and the microorganisms were inoculated in each Petri dish. The plates were then analyzed with the help of a microscope and information on colony formation was recorded. The developed fungi were isolated and performed by microculture to obtain pure cultures. These samples were identified and morphological characterization was carried out. The number of hyphae, conidia, conidiophores and number of spores were counted. The front and back color of each mushroom was recorded. The main results obtained were the isolation of 5 fungi which were identified and characterized. Within the study carried out, 4 species of pathogenic fungi and one beneficial fungus were found. In the rhizosphere soil, the genus Fusarium sp and the genus Penicillium sp were the most frequently colonized by pathogenic fungi; the genus Brachysporium sp and Cladosporium sp were less frequently colonized, and the beneficial fungus was found to be the genus Trichoderma sp. The beneficial fungus helps to improve the access and absorption of nutrients, such as the decomposition of organic matter. In addition, it helps to protect phytopathogenic fungi, which are related to crops.Item Evaluación de microorganismos para el control de hernia de las crucíferas (Plasmodiophora brassicae) en el cultivo de brócoli Brassica olerácea Var. Avenger).(2024-02) Lascano Zabala, Yesenia Nicole; Curay Quispe, Segundo EuclidesIn this study, the effectiveness of the application of microorganisms was evaluated using the Sauber product for the control of cruciferous hernia in broccoli cultivation (Brassica oleracea Var. Avenger), the study factors were dose and frequency of application. The experimental design used was the completely randomized block design (DBCA), with three treatments for three repetitions plus a control. The variables evaluated were plant height, seed weight, root volume, yield, and incidence. Analysis of variance (ADEVA) and Tukey's significance test at 5% were performed for each variable. The treatments were DI1F1, DI1F2, D1F3, D2F1, D2F2, D2F3, D3F1, D3F2, D3F3 and Control, D1, D2 and D3, doses of 2.5, 5 and 7.5 cc respectively and F1, F2 and F3, frequencies of eight, fifteen, and thirty days respectively. At the end of the analysis, 1t was determined that the best dose and frequency of application is the D3F] treatment, in which the dose of 7.5 cc/L was applied in drench with a frequency of every eight days, 1t 1s the best treatment due to Because in all the variables evaluated 1t presented better results compared to the other treatments in the study, this 1s because the greater the amount of microorganism, the better the control and having a good amount of organic matter in the soil helps the action of these microorganism 1s effective. Keywords: Broccoli, drench, Plasmodiophora brassicae, Sauber, microorganisms, applicationsItem Evaluación de microorganismos para el control de hernia de las crucíferas (Plasmodiophora brassicae) en el cultivo de brócoli (Brassica olerácea Var. Avenger).(2024-02) Lascano Zabala, Yesenia Nicole; Curay Quispe, Segundo EuclidesIn this study, the effectiveness of the application of microorganisms was evaluated using the Sauber product for the control of cruciferous hernia in broccoli cultivation (Brassica oleracea Var. Avenger), the study factors were dose and frequency of application. The experimental design used was the completely randomized block design (DBCA), with three treatments for three repetitions plus a control. The variables evaluated were plant height, seed weight, root volume, yield, and incidence. Analysis of variance (ADEVA) and Tukey's significance test at 5% were performed for each variable. The treatments were DI1F1, DI1F2, D1F3, D2F1, D2F2, D2F3, D3F1, D3F2, D3F3 and Control, D1, D2 and D3, doses of 2.5, 5 and 7.5 cc respectively and F1, F2 and F3, frequencies of eight, fifteen, and thirty days respectively. At the end of the analysis, 1t was determined that the best dose and frequency of application is the D3F] treatment, in which the dose of 7.5 cc/L was applied in drench with a frequency of every eight days, 1t 1s the best treatment due to Because in all the variables evaluated 1t presented better results compared to the other treatments in the study, this 1s because the greater the amount of microorganism, the better the control and having a good amount of organic matter in the soil helps the action of these microorganism 1s effective. Keywords: Broccoli, drench, Plasmodiophora brassicae, Sauber, microorganisms, applicationsItem Evaluación de Trichoderma harzianum para el control de la pudrición blanca (Sclerotium cepivorum) en el cultivo de ajo (Allium sativum L.)(2023-03) Jami Toapanta, Gloria Claudina; Dobronski Arcos, Jorge EnriqueCurrently organic agriculture offers the use of fungal bio-controllers that ensure their effectiveness with their use, therefore this research work is focused on testing the ability of Trichoderma harzianum for the control of Sclerotium cepivorum in the garlic crop, the experimental trial was implemented in a plot of the Agroecological and Demonstrative Farm of Píllaro in an area of 107.25m2, with 24 experimental units of 3m2 arranged in three blocks. The treatments consisted of three doses of Trichoderma harzianum 2g/L, 4g/L, 6g/L and two controls, T1 the control with chemical and T0 the control without any application tested in two frequencies of applications, every 15 and 30 days. The experimental design of the research project was the Block Design Completely Randomized (DBCA) with factorial arrangement 3x2+2 with three replications, through the analysis of variance (ADEVA) and the Tukey and Duncan test at 5%, results were obtained that expressed that the best treatment for pathogen control was the D2F1 (4g/L, Trichoderma harzianum every 15 days) for both the percentage of incidence, the percentage of severity and the level of crop yield. When processing the data, it was determined that the antagonistic fungus has a similar efficiency to the chemical fungicides used by the farmer, as well as in the production costs there is no great difference, however, the benefits of the use of microorganisms in the soil, the environment and the quality of the product surpasses the use of any pesticide.Item Inoculación de microorganismos en el proceso de compostaje(2021-09) Constante Ibarra, Tatiana Gabriela; Leiva Mora, MichelIn the Province of Tungurahua in Montalvo parish, there are a large number of guinea pig farms that provide an important source of organic fertilizers, which is an ideal opportunity to use bioinoculants from efficient strains of microorganisms that allow the development of agricultural bio-inputs. The objective of this work was to determine the effect of bioinoculants on the content of organic carbon, total nitrogen and the carbon / nitrogen ratio. According to the statistical analysis, it was observed that there were no significant difference (p = 0.05) between the application of bioinoculants and the control without bioinoculants. With the application of Aspergillus fumigatus and Bacillus subtillis, the composting process was accelerated to 14 days. Great temperature was reached when A. fumigatus was inoculated and acidification aswell, while major electrical conductivity was observed in bionoculants composed by A. fumigatus y B. subtillis. Major number of colony forming unids were represented by bacteria communities and fungal communities.