Ciencias Agropecuarias
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Item Evaluación del comportamiento agronómico de nuevos cultivares de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.), en la Parroquia de Izamba(2024-02) Flores Palate, Evelyn Katherine; Veloz Naranjo, Walter OswaldoThis trial was conducted in the sector of Yacupamba in the parish of Izamba, with the objective of evaluating the agronomic performance of new lettuce cultivars (Lactuca sativa. L), using new materials such as Alpina, Nazarinas, Patagonia, Fedra and comparing them with the Coolguard control. During the field trial, a randomized complete block experimental design with five treatments and three replicates was used. The data obtained were analyzed using an ADEVA and Tukey's test at 5%, observing the following results: percentage of bolting, presence of pests and diseases, cabbage weight, cabbage polar diameter, cabbage equatorial diameter and crop yield, showing the following results, the most outstanding being Alpina (M2) for the cabbage weight variable with a mean of 1210. 53 g and for the equatorial diameter with a mean of 15.55 cm in diameter, as well as standing out in the yield variable with a mean of 79.00 Ta/ha. Regarding diseases and pests, all treatments showed some degree of attack by phytopathogenic fungi and common pests, so it was determined that the varieties studied do not have tolerance to attacks either by pests and diseases, the cultivar that presented ideal characteristics for the polar diameter variable was the variety Nazarinas (M3) with an average of 20. 34 cm in diameter, i.e. these treatments showed better agronomic characteristics, so it can be determined that these new materials adapted better in the area where this trial was conducted, while the treatments composed of Patagonia (M1), Fedra (M5) and Coolguard as a control (M4), showed lower values than Alpina (M2) and Nazarinas (M3). Key words: Lettuce, Agronomic characteristics, Materials, Cultivars.Item Evaluación de tres distancias de plantación de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) con aplicación de riego por goteo(2023-09) Pacari Malisa, María Emilia; Gutiérrez Albán, Alberto CristóbalThe present study on the determination of the production of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. ) with different planting distances through the application of drip irrigation, was carried out in the parish Juan Benigno Vela located in the South West of Ambato canton, province of Tungurahua, its geographical coordinates 01° 19' 41.97" South latitude and 78° 43' 04.24" W longitude, with the purpose of determining the adequate spacing to obtain a better yield in production, the distances used were 0,30, 0,40 and 0,50 m between rows and 0,3 m between plants. A randomized block experimental design with three treatments and five replications was used. To obtain the results of the cabbage weight and diameter variables, the data were analyzed using the Tukey test at 5%. The data of the variables obtained were fundamental elements for obtaining the statistical analysis, with which it was possible to conclude that the treatment that obtained the best results is H2 with a planting distance of 0.3m*0.4m, reaching a weight of 747.07 g and a yield of 49.939 kg/ha, As for treatments H1 and H3, the results were inferior to those of treatment H2, in terms of water volume, treatment H2 provided 1.56 mm/day during the crop cycle, while treatment H1 provided 2.12 mm/day and treatment H3 1.18 mm/day, thus inferring that treatment H2 provided the necessary volume of water until the commercial maturity stage. Finally, with regard to the benefit-cost ratio, the treatment that gives us the highest profit in relation to ha is the H2 treatment with $2.06 profit, while the H3 treatment obtained $1.59 and the H1 treatment resulted in $1.49 profit, being these two treatments profitable, but with lower profitItem Evaluación de la producción de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) con la aplicación de un bioestimulante más potasio en el caserío Yanahurco, cantón Mocha(2023-09) Morales Copo, Brenda Vaneza; León Gordón, Olguer AlfredoThe objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of the application of foliar biostimulants on the yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) in the Yanahurco hamlet, Mocha canton. A completely randomized block design (CBAD) was applied, with 6 treatments including the control and three replications with the following formulations: F1 (Crop + Plus 1.5ml/L + Kelik Potassium 2ml/L), F2 (Crop + Plus 2.5ml/L + Kelik Potassium 2ml/L), F3 (Crop + Plus 3.5ml/L + Kelik Potassium 2ml/L), F3 (Crop + Plus 3, 5ml/L + Kelik Potassium 2ml/L), F4(Crop + Plus 1.5ml/L), F5(Kelik Potassium 2 ml/L), in the control the application of Crop + Plus and Kelik Potassium was not carried out, in the processing of the information the Tukey test was applied at 5% with the use of the INFOSTAT program. The parameters evaluated were plant height, cabbage weight, equatorial and polar diameter, and yield. Based on the statistical analysis, it was determined that the best treatment was F5 (Kelik Potassium 2 ml/L), since in the analysis of the different treatments it obtained the best values in terms of height (21.63 cm), cabbage weight (947.63 g), equatorial diameter (947.63 g), and equatorial diameter (947.63 g), 63g), in equatorial and polar diameter (16.67cm), and in yield (75810.67kg/h), which reflects that it could be complemented only with kelik potassium in lettuce production. It is recommended to promote the use of organic fertilization in agroecosystems in order to maintain the efficient use of natural resources.Item Aplicación de Yodo (I) como activador fisiológico en el cultivo de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) en sistema Nutrient Film Technique(2023-03) Cerón Viana, Alex David; Zurita Vásquez, José HernánA lettuce crop was grown in a hydroponic system using the Nutrient Film Technique (NFT) to which iodine compounds in different concentrations were added to the substrate in order to identify a dose and frequency of administration that would allow better plant development, To identify the treatment with the best results, the following parameters were measured: root length at 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 days, leaf weight at harvest, number of developed leaves, leaf length at 14, 28, 42, 56, 70 and 84 days, and chlorophyll A, B and total chlorophyll concentration. It was obtained that the treatment with the highest values in the measurement factors was treatment A3B2 corresponding to a dose of 1.5 cc/L of iodine at an application frequency of 15 days.Item Evaluación de la adaptabilidad de cultivares de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.), en el cantón Pujilí, provincia de Cotopaxi(2022-09) Ruiz Turushina, Nereyda Viviana; Pallo Paredes, Edwin LeonardoLettuce is a species of global and local importance cultivated in several countries in the world, it has a great variety of nutrients such as vitamins A, B6, C, E, K, B1, B2, Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Phosphorus and Zinc. It consists of a stem of about 1 centimeter and a great variety of edible leaves. In the present study, the adaptability of 9 species of lettuce was evaluated in the area of Pujilí, province of Cotopaxi, the type of soil where it was cultivated is sandy loam with acid pH in a dry temperate climate, cultivar yield, plant height, yield, weight, number of leaves, diameter of the leaves, and the number of leaves were measured, All the varieties had a similar level of performance, obtaining that the variety Salinas 3018 has the greatest potential to develop in the area established in this research.Item Efecto de un abono organomineral en el rendimiento del cultivo de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.)(2020-10) Chango Muzo, Wilma Patricia; Santana, RitaThe present investigation is titled "EFFECT OF AN ORGANOMINAL FERTILIZER ON THE YIELD OF THE CULTIVATION OF LETTUCE (Lactuca sativa L.). As an objective determinant of the effects of an organic mineral fertilizer in terms of induction of milk production. The study was carried out On the property of Mr. Héctor Chango Remache, based in Barrio La Colina, it is currently in the Izamba parish, Ambato canton. An experimental design of complete random blocks (DBCA) was used, in factorial order 2 * 3 + 1 with three repetitions, and the Tukey results meanings of 5% were performed for the treatment destinations, the resulting results without meaning, not However, during the 72 days that the cultivar is hard, it can be seen that the maximum equatorial diameter of the lettuce is 167.81 mm, we work with the treatment (AOC2), followed by the treatment (AOB3) with 164.49 mm, while the smaller diameter works with the control (T) control with 154.2 8 mm. The largest polar diameter is achieved with the treatment (AOC3) with 158.02 mm, followed by the treatment (AOC1), with 154.21 mm, while the smallest polar diameter is achieved with the control (T). Regarding the benefit, it is expected that the encounter with the treatment (AOC1) with (9.35 kg / m2), followed by the treated (AOC3) with (9.16 kg / m2) while the minor encounter with the treated control or control (T) with (8.37 kg / m2). Finally, referring to the economic analysis, it is concluded that the operation (AOC1) is the one that provides the greatest monetary benefit in relation to current operations, because it presents a benefit cost benefit (RCB) of 2.69.Item Manejo de gusano trozador (Agrotis ipsilon) en lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.), a partir de extractos de dos variedades de ají (Capsicum annuum)(2018) Chango Chango, Christian Alonso; Yánez, WilfridoThe investigation was made on Mr. Cristóbal Chango property, located in Picaihua parish, Ambato canton, Tungurahua province, whose coordinates are: 1º 16 "02" South latitude and 78º 34 "60" West length, of 2 657 altitude, with the purpose: evaluating chili pepper two 1extracts (Capsicum annuuum) (“rocoto and jalapeño”), in two 2concentrations (20% and 40%), to control chewing worm (Agrotis ípsilon), in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivation. The treatments were four and witness. The completely randomized block design was used, in 2 x 2 + 1 factorial arrangement, with five replications. The variance analysis was performed, Tukey tests at 5% for treatments and interaction and 5% DMS tests for extracts and concentrations. The economic analysis was carried using BCR methodology. With jalapeño pepper extract application (E2), the best results were obtained, reporting a lower incidence rate at 15 days (11,25%), at 30 days (21,25%) and at 45 days (35,00%, as a lower percentage of severity at 15 days (13,82%), at 30 days (15,83%) and at 45 days (17,79%); greater diameter of the cabbage (16,09 cm) and the highest yields (33,33 kg/ha). With extracts application in 40% concentration (C2), good results were obtained with a lower percentage of incidence at 15 days (11,25%), at 30 days (21,25%) and at 45 days (34,38%); lower percentage of severity at 15 days (13,90%), at 30 days (15,92%) and at 45 days (17,92%). Major equatorial diameter (16,26 cm), reaching the highest yields (32,00 kg/ha). From an economic analysis it is concluded that, the treatment that was applied jalapeño pepper extract in concentration of 40% (E2C2), reached the highest benefit-cost ratio of 0,47, where the net benefits obtained were 0,47 times what was invested.Item Evaluación de tres enraizantes en plántulas de lechuga (Lactuca sativa L.) mediante el método de raíz flotante en la parroquia Mulalillo del cantón Salcedo, provincia de Cotopaxi(2017) Telenchana Toapaxi, Mónica Maribel; Pérez Salinas, Marco OswaldoIn the present work the effect of three rooting on lettuce seedlings (Lactuca sativa L.) cultivated under the floating root method was evaluated, the experiment was performed under cover (ceiling only), two applications were made for the second application to (Lambda cyhalothrin 0.5 cc / l; methyl thiophanate 1 g / l) were used for the control of pests and diseases, the study was carried out in Mulalillo, Salcedo , Cotopaxi Province, The objectives were: 1. To determine the best rooting for the development and water consumption of lettuce plants. 2. Determine the best dose and frequency of rooting for the development of lettuce plants. 3. Carry out an economic analysis of the treatments used. Three rooting were tested: E1 (Carboroot) in doses of 1 and 2 ml, E2 (Agrostemin) in doses of 1 and 2 g, E3 (Meristemroot) in doses of 1 and 2 ml, plus a standard fertilization as shown in Table 9 for each treatment, versus a control based on fertilization alone. The statistical design used was Completely Randomized Block Design (DBCA) with four replications, with a factorial arrangement between rooting and doses (3x2) +1. Lettuce responded significantly better to rooting E2D2, reaching the highest plant height and the highest fresh weight yield per plant. Key words: rooting, lettuce, floating root.