Unidad de Posgrados
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Item La manipulación de sustancias químicas peligrosas en la elaboración de accesorios poliméricos para buses y su influencia en las afectaciones de la salud de los trabajadores de la Empresa CEPOLFI Industrial C.A.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2019) Tenemaza Ramos, Alex Leonardo; Córdova Suárez, Manolo AlexanderLa presente investigación surge en base a la necesidad de conocer la influencia de las sustancias químicas utilizadas presentes en los procesos de fabricación de partes automotrices para buses como: Hexano, Estireno, Metil etil cetona y Tolueno, que pueden afectar en la salud de los trabajadores al exponerse por largos períodos de tiempo. En inicio se realizan trabajos de inspección e identificación de sustancias químicas en campo, posteriormente las mediciones y evaluaciones cuantitativas. El estudio se desarrolla siguiendo el protocolo de medición y evaluación para exposición por inhalación de la norma UNE 689 y la Guía a Riesgos Químicos de Aguilar Franco y otros, se realizan muestras homogéneas en cada sitio de trabajo durante una jornada de ocho (8) horas, a intervalos de dos (2) minutos utilizando el equipo MX6, los datos obtenidos se tabulan, analizan y dan como resultado que la concentración de COVs con mayor representatividad son el estireno, el hexano y tolueno ya que sus TLV-TWA son mayores a 1 e incluso llegan a 4, las áreas con mayor concentración son: Moldes, laminado y fibra, afectando directamente a todo el personal presente en el área de trabajo. Adicionalmente se realiza y analiza una encuesta enmarcada a las afectaciones de la salud que ha presentado el personal durante los últimos años, de acuerdo a los resultados de la pregunta N° 6, se indica que el 21% ha sufrido afectaciones en su salud, se correlacionada con los estudios de laboratorio proporcionados por el área médica de la empresa, y de ello se concluye que 11 personas presentan síntomas de afección por hexano, 6 por estireno, 6 por mek y 1 por tolueno. Los altos límites de exposición y concentración de COVs en los sitios de trabajo se debe a que no existe un sistema de ventilación y extracción, por ello se platea como propuesta el diseño de un sistema de extracción eólica, fácil y económica de implementar y que permitirá una mejor ventilación y evacuación de gases tóxicos presentes en el ambiente de trabajo.Item La exposición a material particulado y su repercusión en la salud de los trabajadores en el sector industrial carrocero(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2018) Asas Toapanta, Jairo Fabian; Sánchez Rosero, Carlos HumbertoEXECUTIVE SUMMARY This research work refers to the chemical risk and its impact on the health of the worker. The main objective is to identify, measure, evaluate and control the pollution levels of the workstations with greater exposure to particulate matter, in order to establish preventive measures to protect the health of workers, providing technical information to employers to generate safe work environments. The project shows a methodology for the application of qualitative and quantitative techniques and instruments, the main source of information is the identification of risks of workstations with greater exposure to particulate material that is carried out through the INSHT risk identification matrix , then the measurement process is carried out through the methodology established by the UNE-EN 689 standard Atmospheres in the workplace - Guidelines for the evaluation of exposure by inhalation of chemical agents, to evaluate the levels of concentration, pollutant and to determine the necessary control measures. The results of the chemical risk analysis show that the PM 2.5 particle concentration dose exceeds the VLA-ED® (3 mg / m3 - respirable fraction) for the body preparation work stations with 4.31, dry sanding with 4.64, parts and pieces with 6.37 and roof plates with 1.08, so they are categorized with high risk since their dose is greater than 1 in the four cases. Therefore, a preventive program is proposed to manage the particulate material by establishing control measures at the source, transmission medium and worker, through procedures, work instructions, in addition to improving working conditions and improving the measures of prevention and protection.Item Estudio del material particulado en la descarga de trigo y su incidencia en la calidad del aire de la Industria Molinera(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2018) Herrera Robalino, David Marcelo; Jordán Hidalgo, Edisson PatricioEXECUTIVE SUMARY The present work focused on the study of the chemical risk present in the wheat reception area of the milling industry. The objective of this study is to analyze the particulate material in wheat unloading and its impact on air quality for workers. The Methodology used responds to qualitative processes such as a questionnaire, a survey, checklists and an occupational risk assessment matrix; It is also used in quantitative methods such as monitoring the air quality in the workplace. This allows to evaluate the quality of the air and to measure the level of exposure to which they are exposed to the workers in their daily tasks. The results of this study showed unacceptable levels of contamination in the areas of: wheat reception, pellet packing, cleaning - unloading area and cleaning of the pellet area. These methods were applied manually and administratively: the design of a localized extraction system and a plan for the prevention of occupational risks. The result of the applicable measures is the acceptable reduction of the particulate material in the workplace and the development of the procedures that prevent possible effects on workers' health. It is estimated that this minimizes the worker's exposure to the identified risk factor and allows the consolidation of sustainable products that favor the well-being of the workers, the profitability of the company, and welfare of the community and the care of the environment.Item Material particulado y su incidencia en alteraciones respiratorias en los trabajadores de la construcción en viviendas rurales TIPO MIDUVI(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Dirección de Posgrado. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2017) Escudero Andino, Pablo David; Toro Toro, JaneEXECUTIVE SUMMARY The following investigation has been developed for the workers involved in the construction of MIDUVI type rural houses, focusing on particle sized material and breathing alterations. These two risks do not evidence short-term consequences; therefore, they do not represent an actual threat to worry about. This investigation aims to analyze the level of particle sized material and its influence on workers’ breathing alterations when conducting activities related to construction. The project is developed throughout qualitative and quantitative methodologies, being the identification of activities and the risks evaluation the principal sources of information. The research has quantified the factors which influence on breathing alterations and particle sized material. Consequently, on-site data has been gathered throughout observation obtained with the support of a risk matrix, surveys applied to workers about health affairs and particle sized measurements to analyze the gathered doses and determine risk levels presented by the workers in the housing construction to be able to evaluate the level of exposition and determine control actions. Finally, a prevention program about breathing alterations is proposed. This program enables to control risk factors on the source, the environment, and the person. When having an adequate capacitation plan, health vigilance will allow controlling security inspections, occupational health and a diseases protocol throughout medical control to make decisions. The use of personal protection equipment, located in different areas of concrete, masonry, plaster, installations and ceramic in the construction of MIDUVI type rural houses allows minimizing the breathing alterations on workers.Item Material particulado y su incidencia en la salud de los trabajadores en la Empresa de Calzado CM Original(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Dirección de Posgrado. Maestría en Seguridad e Higiene Industrial y Ambiental, 2017) Sánchez Rosero, Carlos Humberto; Córdova Suárez, Manolo AlexanderABSTRACT This investigation focused on the study of chemical hazards, with this project it is to guide the decision making the employer of preventive measures that are possible to carry out in short time post for the health of workers and identify production processes with greater exposure to particulate matter. The main objective is evaluate the level of particulate matter and the impact on health of workers, creating safe work environments. The project was developed according to qualitative and quantitative methodologies, the main source of primary information was identifying workers positions and evaluate of occupational risks, as well as interviews with workers in health. Also measurements of particulate matter were conducted to analyze and evaluate exposure levels and based on this study to determine control measures, such measurements were validated with calibration certificates. Finally taking into account the results poses a prevention program that allows us to control risk factors intolerable chemicals, prioritizing the source of danger in the transmission medium and finally in person.