Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial
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Item Análisis de metodología lean manufacturing para el mejoramiento de la productividad en el proceso productivo del calzado en industria Vecachi(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2025-02) Cruz Chimbo Jonathan Dario; Ortiz Sailema Christian IsmaelThis study focuses on optimizing production processes of a footwear company located in Tungurahua, through a time and motion study and Lean Manufacturing tools application. The most demanded product, the VCS 222 model, was prioritized. Direct observations, unstructured interviews and the process diagrams preparation were carried out to gather information on the current situation. Through the calculation of normal and standard times, the daily, weekly, and monthly production capacity was determined. Analysis of seven wastes through Lean Manufacturing revealed significant problems in the plant layout, generating excessive transportation and time waste. Therefore, a Lean Manufacturing tool selection was developed, which defined 5s as the best tool to be applied and into this application, a plant redistribution proposal was designed using the SLP methodology. As a result, the internal transportation routes were reduced by 51% and productivity increased in the following areas and preliminary phases by the established percentages: Cutting Area 19.45%, Trimming Area 12.77%, Template Assembly 34%, Location of Toe and Counterbores 6.04%, Forming, Assembly and Supply 2.78%, Assembly Area 14.16%, and Finishing Area 3.62%. Finally, instruction was developed for the production manager and operators, detailing the appropriate work method, ensuring the effective implementation of improvements. This integrated approach made it possible to optimize resources, reduce time and increase efficiency in production processes, with a positive impact on production processesItem Máquina automatizada de congelación para el proceso de ultracongelación de alimentos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-08) Jácome Bastidas, Washington Stalin; Salazar Logroño, Franklin WilfridoThis paper deals with the design and development of an automated freezing machine for the ultra-freezing process of foodstuffs. In the context of high competitiveness and technological advances, manufacturing companies need to modernize their operations. This project focuses on the implementation of control systems and production flexibilities. The research includes a detailed analysis of the refrigeration system, from the desing of the freezing tunnel to the implementation of a PLC for its control. The tunnel freezer operates an advanced process in which products are exposed to cold air streams at controlled speeds, allowing for a rapid and uniform temperature reduction. Results show that the developed system can reach ultra-low temperatures in record times, significantly reducing operating costs and increasing productivity. In tests, the machine was able to freeze food products in an average time of 12 minutes, guaranteeing optimal preservation of quality and freshness. In conclusion, the developed blast freezing machine represents a significant breakthrough in the food industry, offering tangible benefits in terms of quality, productivity and sustainability.Item Optimización y monitoreo del sistema fotovoltaico de la Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistema Electrónica e Industrial(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Telecomunicaciones, 2024-02) Quinapanta Villares, Juan Elias; Benalcázar Palacios, Freddy GeovannyThe present graduation thesis examines the method of improving the efficiency of the solar panel through the implementation of a dynamic system that enhances the acquisition of solar radiation. The proposed implementation is a solar system that rotates about a single axis. An analysis was conducted on factors such as the installation location, types of movements or solar trackers, and the motor used for rotation, which follows the solar trajectory throughout the day. In the electronic design, devices for luminosity detection, a digital clock, a microcontroller, and a specialized voltage regulator have been integrated to provide power to the controller, which acts as the central component of the tracker. The operation of the latter is described through a flowchart. For data collection, a Hall-type current sensor has been employed, sending information to a database for subsequent analysis. The relay module, a part of the power circuit design, controls the motor's rotation direction. Additionally, calculations have been performed for the design of a gearbox system, which is part of the mechanical system. Finally, a statistical analysis of the system's efficiency has been carried out, concluding that the dynamic photovoltaic system outperforms a static photovoltaic energy capture system in terms of efficiency.Item Modelo de sistema de control interno para la producción en la empresa de calzado Canaan(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2024-02) Carrera Suarez, Diego Alejandro; Carranza Garcés, Ángel MauricioThis research project is aimed at providing a proposal for an internal control system model that is capable of producing an efficient administrative, economic and financial management strategy. The company CANAAN is dedicated to the manufacture of sneakers, characterized by being comfortable, versatile and suitable for daily use. Weekly, almost a thousand pairs of models are produced, which are created according to current trends, always on order from the warehouses that are throughout the country. Currently, the company does not have a previous study or documents on internal control issues. Therefore, a diagnosis of the company’s situation is started. For this, information is collected through a survey with contrasting and oriented questions to the control systems, inspections and checklists are carried out to guarantee the veracity of the answers and evaluate the available tools. Finally, an interview is conducted with the manager, who has a deep knowledge of all production processes. After analyzing the information collected, an SCI model adapted to the company’s needs is created, the roles and responsibilities of each area are defined, controls are established for process management, inventory, quality, safety, documentation and costs. Internal control not only seeks efficiency, but also protects the assets of the organization. This includes not only financial resources, but also data, intellectual property and the physical security of employees. A focus is given to Safety Control based on the Colombian Technical Guide GTC-45, with which the risks of each specific area are identified, signage and health and safety recommendations that help reduce physical, chemical, mechanical, ergonomic and psychological effects on workersItem Estudio de tiempos y movimientos en la Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Chibuleo Ltda.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-02) Montachana Galarza, Christian Israel; López Arboleda, Jessica PaolaThe study of times and movements is carried out in the credit granting process at Cooperativa de Ahorro y Crédito Chibuleo Ltda., with the purpose of optimizing and improving the flexibility of activities and tasks. Through direct observation and a meeting with the agency manager, the current situation and the level of operations achieved in the last months are known. Based on the initial diagnosis, information was gathered and represented in flow charts, SIPOC and flowcharts, which were made possible through field visits to the institution. To obtain the necessary data, time measurements were taken by timing the activities, considering the movements and working conditions of the workers. In the development of the project, shortcomings and the bottleneck that strictly affect the process were identified, and then the standard times of the activities were determined. Through the use of the VSM diagram, the operational flow was examined with the purpose of selecting the Lean Manufacturing tools, thus improving the flexibility in the work flow and the tasks performed by the workers on a daily basis, obtaining an improvement percentage of 48.27% in the process, which is even reflected in the total cost, since it was reduced from $ 176.73 to $ 154.80, thus increasing the profitability of the financial institution.Item Estudio de tiempos y movimientos para la optimización de los procesos productivos en la empresa Arboriente S.A.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-02) Flores Nuñez, Johan Dayan; Ortiz Sailema, Christian IsmaelThe purpose of this research is to conduct a time and motion study and subsequently propose improvements for the productive processes in the unwinding area of Arboriente S.A., a company located in the Pastaza province dedicated to the manufacturing and commercialization of plywood panels. The research begins with the collection of information about the company, a detailed description of the productive processes, and an initial diagnosis conducted in the unwinding area through non-structured interviews with area supervisors. To achieve this, process recording sheets, analytical flowcharts, and route diagrams were employed, facilitating the identification of the work method used in each activity. Subsequently, a time and motion study with corresponding analyses was conducted for each subprocess, determining the cycle time and production capacity. It was identified that there are excessive distances between work zones for material supply or waste collection, and it was observed that the debarking of logs in the Peeler and the unwinding process of logs in the Cremona Lathe have longer cycle times. As an improvement proposal, a redesign of the work zones for the storage and selection of logs is suggested, resulting in substantial improvements in efficiency, achieving a 25.87% saving in unproductive distances. Additionally, a new work methodology is proposed to eliminate unproductive activities and reduce idle times, leading to a percentage increase in the production capacity of the peeling machine and the Cremona lathe by 19.74% and 17.84%, respectively. Finally, a procedures manual was developed to instruct operators on the appropriate work method for standardizing their activities.Item Implementación de la metodología Lean Manufacturing para la mejora de la productividad en la industria metalmecánica(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Producción y Operaciones Industriales, 2023) Barriga Sanchez, Javier Alexander; Ortiz Guerrero, Daysi MargaritaEl presente trabajo tiene como finalidad aplicar la metodología Lean Manufacturing para la mejora de la productividad en la empresa Talleres Barriga Sánchez” TABSA”, considerando el reto a innovar procesos, métodos y ser competitivos en el mercado. Por ende, se busca brindar soluciones a los diferentes problemas que causan retraso en la entrega del producto, dando lugar a la evaluación de las actividades que no agregan valor en los procesos productivos. En el presente trabajo de investigación se estableció parámetros para el eficiente desarrollo del proyecto a través de una revisión de la literatura sobre la metodología Lean Manufacturing, se realizó un análisis de la situación actual de la empresa, identificando actividades y áreas de trabajo, además se determinó el producto que representa mayor demanda en la empresa estableciendo registros de control para la toma de tiempos de producción de cada una de las actividades, como también la verificación de actividades que no agregan valor en la producción de asientos para buses, para ello se realizó la selección de las herramientas de la metodología Lean Manufacturing, como: la metodología 5´S, que permitió mejorar las condiciones de los procesos en la empresa TABSA, así como la metodología de control visual que permitió establecer las áreas de trabajo. Todo esto condujo a la elaboración de una propuesta de mejora en la producción de asientos para buses interprovinciales. Mediante los análisis realizados y el estudio de las herramientas Lean Manufacturing se determinó la implementación metodológica adecuada para el proceso de fabricación de la empresa “TABSA”, dando como resultado un incremento en la producción de 44 unidades a 54 unidades de asientos interprovinciales en un mes, con un tiempo estándar de 130:32:03 horas, además el valor actual de la productividad es del 1.01%, mientras que el valor después de la implementación de la metodología es del 1.14% dando lugar a una variación de productividad del 12,87%, gracias a la reducción de desperdicios y movimientos innecesarios, mientras que la metodología del control visual nos permitió distinguir claramente los puestos de trabajo en cada área de producción, lo que facilitó el reconocimiento rápido de la información relevante para cada una de las actividades realizadas por los operarios, esto a su vez, incrementó la eficiencia en la planta de producción, promoviendo la disciplina y la responsabilidad entre todos los miembros de Talleres Barriga Sánchez (TABSA).Item Aumento de disponibilidad de las máquinas para mejorar la productividad en una planta de fabricación de acero mediante un programa de lubricación con gestión de monitorización y control(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Producción y Operaciones Industriales, 2023) Sánchez Villegas, Valeria Catalina; García Sánchez, Marcelo VladimirItem Estudio de tiempos y movimientos para la línea de producción de la empresa de lácteos “Monte Verde”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2023-09) Alvarez Ramírez, Erika Estefanía; Lema Chicaiza, Freddy RobertoThe present research work was carried out in the dairy company "Monte Verde". in the production process of Milan 1 L whole milk, the same one that does not have tools that allow diagnosing the present problems and improving the production processes. A study of times and movements was carried out in order to standardize them. to improve the production line. The current situation of the company is known through direct observation techniques, unstructured interviews with the process staff. From the initial situation, an ABC analysis is performed with the aim of knowing the product in greatest demand; obtaining as a result the Milan whole milk of 1 L. I use analytical cursograms, tables and Microsoft Office tools to organize the information. For the time taking, continuous timing was used, the performance factor was determined and supplements for the calculation of the standard time. The bottleneck and the absence of standardized times were identified. Finally, through the balancing of lines. the standard times of each subprocess were balanced and the activities that do not add value were suppressed and /or combined. obtaining an improvement in the times of 2.66%, the number of workstations is reduced from four to three, considering the same number of operators and increasing the production capacity in 2 batches/ daily. Obtaining an efficiency of 84.76% in the proposed method. The same one that the simulation was performed in the FlexSim software.Item Mejoramiento de la productividad en los procesos productivos en “EMPRESAS DE CARNICOS”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Producción y Operaciones Industriales, 2023) Coello Allán, David Orlando; Montalvo Zamora, Natalia AlexandraEl presente trabajo investigativo mantiene la objetividad de mejorar la productividad en el proceso de producción de jamón cocido en la empresa Embutidora FUNORSAL a través de la aplicación del estudio de trabajo; dado que la empresa mencionada mantiene una producción desordenada sin conocer la demanda, tiempos productivos y una correcta distribución de actividades, lo que provocaba una sobreproducción de 250 unidades mensuales, dado que se producían un aproximado de 1074 unidades, mientras que solo demandaban 824 unidades, dejando un desperdicio de 250 unidades de jamón. Se estableció el estado de arte y marco teórico donde se revisan teorías estrechamente relacionadas con el tema desarrollado, constituyendo luego los fundamentos metodológicos de la investigación, estableciendo un contexto inicial del objeto de estudio, como la definición de un diseño no experimental, con un enfoque cuantitativo y una tipología investigativa de campo y descriptiva. También se determina el método de muestreo para la definición del número adecuado de observaciones, definiendo como técnica de recolección a la observación directa y el establecimiento de herramientas, mismas que posteriormente brindan una situación actual determinando la eficiencia de la línea de producción. Finalmente, se establece un plan de mejoras, basado en los resultados obtenidos, mismo que plantea una serie de actividades con el fin de optimizar la línea, apostando por la redistribución de subprocesos y colaboradores, y el establecimiento de un control de producción, siendo esto verificado a través de un nuevo análisis de eficiencia técnica, determinando que existe una eficiencia del 54% con un desperdicio de tiempo no asignado de 488 segundos, mientras que al aplicar mejoras aumentó la eficiencia al 98% y una reducción de tiempos no asignado a 8,86 segundos.