Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial
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Item Tiempo de atención al paciente en la unidad de consulta externa mediante la aplicación de Lean Healthcare(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-08) Navarrete Reinoso, Kevin Gustavo; Tigre Ortega, Franklin GeovannyHealthcare services face the continuous challenge of optimizing patient care to ensure hospital efficiency and quality. This research project aims to optimize patient care time with a Lean Healthcare approach in the outpatient unit of the Hospital Básico Privado San Bartolomé. In response to this, the current situation was analyzed, detecting inefficiencies in patient flow management and task distribution, as well as high waiting room occupancy that affected the patient experience. Using ABC analysis, the most prevalent wastes were identified and depicted on a value stream map, highlighting issues such as waits, information handling, unnecessary movements, and defects. With the help of the weighted factors method, it was determined that the most suitable Lean Healthcare tools are standardized work and 5S. Subsequently, the current situation was simulated in FlexSim, revealing a high waiting time. To tackle this issue, a new simulation was used applying the standardized work tool. The results showed a reduction in waiting time of 12,91% the length of stay of patients decreased by 8,43% thus generating a decrease in waiting room occupancy. With the results obtained, it was considered that the proposal proves to be effective in optimizing patient care time in the outpatient unit, validating the importance of Lean Healthcare methodology to improve time management in the hospital.Item Distribución de planta con manufactura esbelta en las instalaciones de Elohimtex Cía. Ltda.(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2024-02) Soria Tomaico, Shirley Vanessa; Tigre Ortega, Franklin GeovannyThis research project is based on proposing a distribution of facilities with a lean approach in the company Elohimtex Cia Ltda. The consideration of an efficient distribution makes the performance of the organization count with an improvement in productivity and optimization of resources. For the development of the proposal, the application of two strategic approaches, the SLP methodology and manufacturing cells, is approached. The techniques considered within the parameters of lean manufacturing are the value stream map, to analyze the current and proposed state; and Kanban cards that allow efficient control within production; each tool is intended to replace activities that do not generate value to the product to be developed and eliminate possible waste. To contemplate how beneficial the stipulated proposal could be, a simulation was carried out using FlexSim. When comparing the results of the current situation with the proposal, a 32% reduction in distance traveled is estimated. With these data identified through the simulation, it is evident that the proposal considered has important benefits within the elaboration of products in the organization, making that the processing times have a significant reduction.Item Estandarización y optimización de los procesos de producción en la empresa “Nutrisalminsa S.A.”(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial, 2023-09) Rivera Lagua, Willian Fabricio; Morales Perrazo, Luis AlbertoOne of the problems in the manufacture of food supplements for farm animals is the non-standardisation of production processes that generates effects such as: defective products, reprocesses, unproductive activities, bottleneck, among others; therefore, the objective of the research is to develop the standardization and optimization of production processes in the company "NUTRISALMINSA S.A.". The study was carried out by means of descriptive research, comprising three stages: I. Analysis of the processes, which identified the current situation of the plant by means of flow diagrams, characterization and time study. II. Determination of the level of deficiency by means of key production indicators. III. Simulation of the manufacturing processes to improve productivity. The results of the research showed that there are activities that do not add value and that restrict production by 12.88%; this situation leads to a bottleneck in the bagging area, with a time of 1862.27 seconds which corresponds to a decrease in production, the level of deficiency in the study level corresponds to 15.90%, in addition, the effectiveness in the study period was 97.79%, while its efficiency was 84.10%, highlighting the lack of optimization of resources and production processes. The simulation in FlexSim forecasts an improvement of 15 units per day, with the optimized times and standardized activities in the production in a schedule of 8 working hours, which is equivalent to 1215 US dollars. The standardization and optimization of the production processes is also visualized with the modification or elimination of activities that do not add value to the process. It is concluded that the company Nutrisalminsa S.A. has improvement opportunities to increase its productivity through standardization and optimization of its production processes, which can have an impact on additional economic income and the reduction of its production deficiency.Item Estudio de tiempos y movimientos para optimizar los procesos productivos en la Corporación Impactex Cia. Ltda. del cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2022-09) Gamboa Parra, Kleber Fabian; Gavidia, José LuisThe main objective of this degree work is to propose an improvement proposal in the production line that manufactures the star product of the IMPACTEX corporation in the city of Ambato, a company dedicated mainly to the manufacture of intimate apparel for women, men and children. The research carried out had a quali-quantitative methodological approach, of a qualitative nature because direct observation was carried out to obtain informative data from the corporation, on the other hand, in the quantitative approach the star product was determined with an ABC analysis, then the times of each activity necessary for the manufacture of the product were taken and the critical area was determined where a study of times and movements was carried out, with which the flow of the raw material, the standard time and finally the production capacity of each activity was determined. With the standard time calculated for each activity, we proceeded to determine a proposal for improvement using engineering tools, unnecessary transports were eliminated in order to subsequently carry out a balance of assembly lines, where the effective times of each operator were balanced and production was maximized. As a result of the elimination of unnecessary transports, an improvement of 23% in the operating ratio was obtained, as for the balance of lines, an increase in production of 57 dozens of finished product per workday was obtained, with a balance in the production load of 35%, demonstrating the feasibility of implementing the proposed improvement. The data of the proposed improvement was validated using FlexSim simulation software, corroborating the benefits that would be obtained with the elimination of unnecessary transports and balancing the assembly line in the IMPACTEX corporation's apparel area.Item Propuesta de distribución de instalaciones con perspectiva Lean en el taller industrial Shambi e hijos(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería Industrial en Procesos de Automatización, 2022-09) Shambi Ortiz, Juan Pablo; Naranjo Chiriboga, Israel ErnestoThe plant layout is the way to properly locate machines, tools and workers to make the best use of the resources available to the industries. The main objective of this research project is to propose an adequate distribution of facilities for an industrial workshop dedicated to metalworking in different areas such as locksmithing, structuring and stainless steel, which is adapted to the production of the products offered by the workshop, reducing time and unnecessary transfers. In order to achieve these objectives, data is collected by means of information gathering techniques to know the current status of the company, its processes, products, etc., and then we proceed to obtain its star products and determine the standard time for each one of them. The appropriate type of distribution is selected with selection matrices and by means of the ordering and evaluation algorithms the appropriate distribution for the workshop is chosen, then the surface required for the distribution is established with the help of Guerchet's method and two alternatives are proposed, which are evaluated by means of the distance load method. By means of a selection matrix, the lean methodology tools are incorporated to the proposal, and with the help of the FlexSim simulation, the results obtained are compared between the current situation of the company and the proposed proposal. It is estimated that the time reduction is presented in 4.35% and the process routes in 69.87%, therefore, for this investment an investment of $22,080.00 is required with a recovery time of 1 year and 36 days.Item Diseño de la infraestructura de una red 5g para la ciudad de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Carrera de Ingeniería en Electrónica y Comunicaciones, 2022-09) Taipe Sailema, Gabriel Medardo; Jurado Lozada, Marco AntonioThe present project arises from the need to carry out a study of the new generation of mobile telephones "5G", analyzing in detail how this latest generation technology evolves the mobile telephony market allowing to have mobile broadband connections with high data rates it also discloses parameters necessary for the design of a 5G network. The different ways of implementing a 5G network will be analyzed by analyzing the type of cells that can be implemented in urban and rural areas as well as the joint coexistence of the 5G network with the currently deployed 4G. The different simulation software will be analyzed for the deployment of a 5G network in the city of Ambato, taking into account the minimum requirements of the simulation equipment to be able to observe a large part of the city with a 5G network deployed, as well as the choice of software analyzing its performance and performance characteristics compatibility.Item Modelo paramétrico de fluidos para gases de combustión de un motor a gasolina extra(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Física Aplicada, 2022) Gavilanes Sani, Jorge Anibal; Hidalgo Díaz, Víctor HugoThe present investigation is focused on the simulation of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) of the combustion gases in an extra gasoline engine using the Ansys software. As a first step, the selection of the input parameters was carried out in order to investigate if they have any influence on the production of combustion gases such as carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO), nitrogen monoxide (NO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and unburned hydrocarbons (HNC). Once both the input and output parameters were selected, the levels of each input parameter were established in order to create treatments based on the experimental design (DOE) and building a 3 factorial design with a total of 9 treatments without repetition to proceed. The next step was to use the geometry of the combustion chamber that the software itself provides, build the areas of interest using the Design modeler software, perform the mesh considering meshes in more detail in areas of interest such as the spray and the ignition point using Meshing Autodine software. In the third step, the Navier Stokes equations were solved using the 𝑘 - 𝜀 (RNG) Re-Normalisation Group turbulence model in conjunction with the fuel injection chemistry and the fuel injection model. The last step consists of setting the simulation environment when selecting the ignition model for modeling the turbulence of the flame, defining the boundary conditions and the start of the combustion chamber. The procedure detailed in the previous paragraph was carried out for the 9 treatments proposed by the factorial design and once each of the simulations had been completed, the results obtained during the combustion process that occurred between the angles were analyzed and interpreted. piston displacement from 720 to 740 Crank Angle (CA).Item Evaluación de los efectos de flujo cavitativo en estrangulamiento aplicado a válvulas reductoras hidráulicas(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Física Aplicada, 2022) Méndez Cambell, Guillermo Diego; Hidalgo Díaz, Víctor HugoIn this master’s thesis, the cavitating flow in a hydraulic valve was investigated, emphasizing the numerical study of the cavitating flow in the globe valve using techniques related to computational fluid dynamics CFD. OpenFoam as free and opensource CFD software was used for the simulation. The main objective is to understand the cavitating phenomenon from the formation to the collapse of the cavity. The necessary methodology was developed to study the different stages in the formation of cavities. Using CAD tools, the geometry of the globe valve was built, and through snappyHexMesh tools, the study domain was optimized. The PIMPLE algorithm was used for the numerical resolution of the governing equations, the turbulence model used is k − ωSST and cavitation models used is Schnerr-Sauer.Item Modelo paramétrico que representa la generación de gomas en un inyector de motor de cuatro tiempos alimentado por gasolina extra y eco país(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Física Aplicada, 2022) Delgado Rodríguez, Sivananda Salmanazar; Hidalgo Díaz, Víctor HugoThis research work quantifies the formation of gums in the injector of a gasoline engine. The model, based on the chemical kinetics’ laws, needs pressure curves, temperature, injector temperature, nitrogen oxide concentration, nitrogen monoxide concentration and fuel leakage, with reference to the rotation angle of the crankshaft for an engine cycle, obtained through the engine simulation using Ansys program and the values estimated by literature review. Chemical kinetics is implemented by using a Python code. The analysis is applied with an experimental design of 2^2 , in which the fuel (Extra and Ecopaís) and the injector temperature (T=150 𝑜 𝐶 y T=190 𝑜 𝐶) are varied. The results revealed that the formation of gums is 0.105 [𝜇𝑀/ciclo] for (Extra y T=150 𝑜𝐶), 0.096 [𝜇𝑀/ciclo] for (Ecopaís y T=150 𝑜𝐶), 0.04 [𝜇𝑀/ciclo] for (Extra y T=190 𝑜𝐶), and 0.038 [𝜇𝑀/ciclo] for (Ecopaís y T=190 𝑜𝐶). Formation of gums is greater for Extra fuel than for Ecopaís one, regardless of the temperature of the injector. The variance analysis, the F-statistic=308 higher than the F Critical=161, allows to conclude that temperature is the influential factor in the formation of gums and, their formation is inversely proportional to the injector temperature, without being affected by the type of fuel.Item Simulación de los tanques de almacenamiento de la central Illuchi de la empresa eléctrica provincial Cotopaxi ELEPCO S.A mediante dinámica de fluidos computacional(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas, Electrónica e Industrial. Maestría en Física Aplicada, 2022) Salazar Achig, Edgar Roberto; Hidalgo Díaz, Víctor HugoThis research focused on the simulation of the storage tanks of the Illuchi plant, using OpenFOAM open source CFD software. It began with photogrammetry by drone to lift the geometry of the water storage structure, then it is modeled using CAD software for export in an STL file, with this being able to use the snappyHexMeshDict tool in the generation of the internal mesh of the flow in addition to the interFoam solver for incompressible fluids and the RAN By obtaining an optimal mesh of the geometry, the turbulence was reproduced with the k-ϵ RNG model, with which the phenomenon of turbulence of the tanks was roughly represented. ParaView and Gnuplot were used for the visualization and analysis of the results for their respective alidation with experimental values. Finally, after 594 hours of computational processing, overall results were obtained from the reproduction of the phenomenon the experimental part with an error of 4.2 % and 3.3 % in the numerical part for the Illuchi 1 and 2 plant respectively of the flow measurement at the outlets of the pressure pipes, obtaining characteristics of the flow that could be captured in the simulation.