Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales

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Comunicación familiar y grooming en los adolescentes de los segundos de bachillerato de la Unidad Educativa Picaihua del Cantón Ambato
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Trabajo Social, 2017-05) Freire Torres, Alex Javier; Espín Miniguano, Anita
The present research aims to determine if the levels of family communication influence the appearance of grooming, since the presence of this social phenomenon is gradually presented in educational institutions, causing bleak transformations with negative consequences in the lives of victims and of their families, that is why a didactic proposal is presented that will facilitate the work of the professionals of the Department of Student Counseling (DECE) in its action in the face of the emergence of this problem. The methodology that was used in the research was quantitative to know through the application of surveys based on a questionnaire, the incidence and vulnerability of students who frequently use social networks and know for sure if they have been, are or can reach to be victims of grooming, this through the statistical data obtained where they will value aspects of the adolescent and his family, their relationship, affinity, knowledge regarding the responsible use of social networks, etc. It was determined that the socio-critical paradigm is the fundamental one to carry out the study because the students and their relatives are the authors and generators of the change of their current realities based on their needs, those of mitigating grooming based on the generation of new and better socio-affective relationships inside and outside the home, also managing with total responsibility the use of social networks fostering trust between parents and children allowing each other to know about their activities within the virtual world. At the end of the research, a proposal is generated that consists in the creation of a guide to prevention and fight against grooming in the Unidad Educativa Picaihua, because it is considered that with this guide can improve in a certain way the quality of life of students and provide a situation of well-being to them and their families, progressively increasing levels of confidence, timely action and demonstrating to the outside that they are a pioneering Educational Unit in the mitigation of this social problem.
Efectos del abuso sexual a niños, niñas y adolescentes en el contexto familiar de la Parroquia Macas del Cantón Morona de la Provincia de Morona Santiago
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Posgrado, Maestría en Trabajo Social, 2018-03) Calle Cabrera, Jaqueline Narcisa; García Serrano, Irma Galuth
Sexual abuse is one of the main research objectives. However in the field of research; even so there is a challenge to be achieved in the coming years to try to counteract the consequences that this social phenomenon has entailed. In Ecuador, prior procedural investigations have been carried out by the prosecutor's office and fiscal instructions through criminal courts, multicompetent courts and criminal courts, as regulatory bodies in order to restore and do justice to the rights of victims of sexual abuse. Not only in girls and adolescents but in the whole community. In the Office of the Prosecutor of the City of Macas of the Morona Canton, province of Morona Santiago, a large number of crimes of a sexual nature have been reported in recent years, some resolved in judicial sentences and others in the process of investigation. Investigating research in the social field has seen the majority of victims of sexual abuse in girls, boys and adolescents resume their lives normally in cases that have received specialized treatment in the program of victims and Witnesses or in the link to intersectoral services aimed at the restitution of sexual abuse; for cases in which relatives leave the legal process, it is likely that these victims have very marked sequelae for life as they have not received specialized care, usually these are the cases where negative consequences arise in the different later stages affecting the different spheres: family, sexual, school, work, behavioral, cognitive; they are even individuals who carry these ranks or sequels for years that would harm their marital life, since they are chains that are transmitted from generation to generation, affecting their quality of life and therefore their evolutionary process.
Estándar de convicción de la duda razonable: análisis comparativo del acoso y abuso sexual
(Universidad Tècnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2024-08) Vásconez Pilco, Dario Josué; León Trujillo, Edisson Santiago
This research focuses on the application of the reasonable doubt standard of conviction in the Ecuadorian criminal justice system, with a specific focus on the crimes of sexual abuse and harassment. The importance of this study lies in the need to ensure the proper administration of justice, protecting the rights of defendants and victims through the correct application of the principles of presumption of innocence and in dubio pro reo. The main objective of the research is to identify and analyse how reasonable doubt is applied in the evaluation of evidence and judicial decision-making. To achieve this objective, a detailed analysis of the conceptual and doctrinal framework underpinning reasonable doubt was carried out, complemented by an examination of Ecuadorian criminal law. The methodology used in this study was qualitative, allowing for an in-depth exploration of the human phenomena associated with sexual offences. Research techniques such as interviewing legal experts, including judges, prosecutors and lawyers, were employed, allowing for a detailed and informed insight into the application of reasonable doubt in the judicial context. In addition, a dogmatic approach was used to analyse the criminal offences of sexual harassment and sexual abuse, considering both the objective and subjective criminality of these offences. The results of the research highlight that sexual harassment is characterised by acts of a sexual nature without physical contact, but derived from a situation of subordination of the victim. In contrast, sexual abuse involves physical contact without consent. These findings underline the need for a proper interpretation of criminal law to avoid impunity and ensure fair sanctions. Relevant findings indicate that the correct application of reasonable doubt is essential for the protection of the rights of the accused, and that justice administrators must be trained in areas relevant to criminal conduct in order to properly assess evidence. The research also highlights the importance of ongoing training in the justice system to inform judicial decisions with sound legal motivation and based on comprehensive and relevant evidentiary reasoning
El sistema nacional descentralizado de protección integral de la niñez y adolescencia y la ruta de protección y restituci´n de derechos en caso de abuso sexual infantil en el Cantón Ambato
(2015) Velasteguí Álvarez, Mónica Paulina; Naranjo, Viviana
El Sistema Nacional Descentralizado de Protección Integral de la Niñez y Adolescencia y la Ruta de Protección y Restitución de Derechos en caso de abuso sexual infantil en el Cantón Ambato es un tema innovador y de suma importancia para el desarrollo de una sociedad más justa, considerando que el maltrato infantil menos denunciado, en la mayoría de países es el abuso sexual, constituyéndose como el tipo de agresión más aberrante debido al daño a largo plazo que provoca. La violencia sexual puede tener consecuencias físicas, psicológicas y sociales graves a corto y largo plazo, puede producir daños que perduren para toda la vida no sólo para las niñas o niños, sino también para sus familias y su entorno social. La presencia de nudos críticos en la Ruta de Protección y Restitución de Derechos en casos de abuso sexual es un tema con muchos parámetros a estudiar vinculados principalmente por la desarticulación del Sistema Nacional Descentralizado de Protección Integral de niñez y adolescencia. Una atención apropiada puede potenciar al máximo la capacidad de resiliencia de las víctimas primarias (los niños o los adolescentes directamente afectados), así como de las secundarias (núcleo familiar, cuidadores) El abordaje de este problema requiere el trabajo en equipo multidisciplinario con profesionales idóneos, no solo conocedores del problema, sino con un gran compromiso para trabajar con el niño o niña afectada, sus familias y su entorno en general. Luego del trabajo de análisis de la información se establece que se acepta la Hipótesis que en su texto dice: La ausencia de trabajo en res del Sistema Nacional Descentralizado de Protección Integral de la Niñez y Adolescencia influye para la presencia de nudos críticos en la Ruta de Protección y Restitución de Derechos en caso de abuso sexual infantil. Descriptores: Abuso Sexual, Protección, Restitución, Derechos, Revictimización, Trabajo en red, Nudos críticos, Niñez, Víctima, Ruta.
La valoración del testimonio de los menores abusados sexualmente y la revictimización
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato, Facultad de Jurisprudencia y Ciencias Sociales, Carrera de Derecho, 2017-11) Azogue Martinez, Walter Hugo; Sánchez Villalva, Cecilia Monserratte
The present socio-legal problem of "VALUING THE TESTIMONY OF SEXUALLY ABUSED MINORS AND REVICTIMIZATION" is important and transcendental, is based mainly on the need to assist the administration of justice, so that it is applied without much delay and safeguarding the integrity physical and psychological abuse of sexually abused minors, within the investigation of the process in such a way, the rights will be protected and integrated protection will be provided to the victim. The theoretical and field work of this thesis allowed me to obtain criteria, with clear and precise foundations, of well-known bibliography, which contributed to the verification of objectives, and contrasting the hypotheses raised, allowing to support the proposed changes within my work investigative The content of the thesis is an intellectual effort of the author in the scientific and methodological area, which theoretically and empirically addresses the integral protection to the victim avoiding his Revictimacion, which is injured by the offender when sexually abusing the victim leaving sequels in his emotional development that must be treated immediately and truthfully and effectively, as a first step will proceed to assess the testimony of the child sexually abused. Finally I consider that the anticipated testimony is a means of proof accepted in the Ecuadorian Legislation; However, it is considered that it should be applied more effectively and for certain cases in a mandatory manner, it is one of the ways to prevent victimization of victims, especially in the case of minors who have been sexually abused. this being considered of great importance and necessity that this obligatoriedad be established in the Integral Criminal Organic Code in such a way that it contributes to diminish revictimización.