Centro de Posgrado
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Item Factores que influyen en la aceptación de la nueva condición de adulto mayor en una parroquia rural(Universidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de Posgrados, 2022-03-01) Sánchez Freire, Alejandra Monserrath Md.; Meléndez Herrera, Mónica Cecilia Dra. Esp.The research focused on determining whether ethnic self-identification and sex influence the acceptance of aging in older adults in the Pilahuín parish. The methodology applied in the present investigation has a quantitative approach, in addition, it had an analytical investigation with a descriptive and correlational scope. For the research, the adult population over 65 years old belonging to the different communities of the Pilahuín Parish was considered, the sample was determined by EPI INFO with a total of 206 participants, calculated with confidence limits of 5%, design effect equal at 1, confidence level of 95% and expected frequency of 50%, it is concluded that there is no significant value between the study variables, thus understanding that gender or ethnic self-identification influence the acceptance of aging.Item Programa de entrenamiento muscular inspiratorio en el club de adultos mayores del cantón Patate(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2022-02-01) Robayo Jácome, Alejandra Estefanía; Robalino Morales, Gabriela Estefanía Lcda Magister,Pulmonary rehabilitation is a widely used protocol in different population groups, also including older adults. With these people, aging creates generalized muscle deficit, as well as respiratory muscle involvement. Thus, inspiratory muscle training is the treatment of choice for a significant improvement in inspiratory muscle strength and endurance, exercise tolerance, functionality and independence in activities of daily living, and better psychosocial development. The aim of this research has been to design a training program based on the scientific evidence which supports its validity and that turns it into applicable for clinical practice, promoting a high degree of reliability under a prior review by experts. The early establishment of this type of treatment model in older adults may prevent adverse results associated with the loss of respiratory muscle mass which trigger future hospitalizations in future years, thus protecting the integrity of their health.Item Estimulación Cognitiva para personas adultas mayores en situación de pobreza.(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-09-01) Valencia Sánchez, Nilda Jazmina Ps. Cl.; Cueva Rubio, María AugustaPs. Cl. Mg.The objective of the current study was to implement a cognitive stimulation program that favors the development of autonomy and prevents cognitive deterioration in older adults living in poverty in the town of Juan Benigno Vela, for which a design of A quasi-experimental research with a quantitative approach of a longitudinal type and descriptive scope, twelve older adults participated and due to the health emergency, there was no control group. Cognitive function was measured by the Folstein Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE), 1975. The intervention was carried out during ten sessions, in ten consecutive weeks, with an average duration of forty-five minutes. For the data analysis, the SPSS version 24 program is used. It was shown that cognitive stimulation significantly improves the cognition of the elderly (t = 5.29; p = .000), finding a significance in time orientation (t = 6.51; p = .000), orientation in space (t = 4.05; p = .002), attention in calculation (t = 3.34; p = .007), deferred memory (t = 3.44; p = .005), comprehension and execution of an order (t = 2.55; p = .027) and copy of a drawing (t = 2.35; p = .039). It is concluded that cognitive stimulation for older adults strengthens autonomy and independence in daily living activities and preventing cognitive deterioration.Item Plan de ejercicios de equilibrio y coordinación para evitar caídas en el adulto mayor(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-07-01) Ortiz Reyes, Gabriela Maribel Lcda, Ft.; Velasco, Luis Córdova Dr. Esp. Mg.Considering that over the years, the elderly present various health states, where falls is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality caused by loss of balance and decreased mobility, causing development in the elderly from disabling diseases and even death; In addition, it represents high social health expenses; that can be avoided and reduced by means of an adequate intervention, it was proposed to analyze the effects of a balance and coordination exercise plan on the frequency of falls in the elderly, and the level of dependence they present. Therefore, a quasi-experimental study was carried out in 23 Ecuadorian older adults between 65 and 85 years of age; under a longitudinal design with two measurements before and after the intervention; A systematic review was carried out in databases such as PubMed, PEDro, Scielo, Medline, Medigraphic, and Science Direct, where 50 articles were obtained from keywords and from these 20 eligible scientific articles that supported the exercise plan, to determine The effectiveness of the exercise plan was evaluated for the risk of falls with the Tinetti scale and the Times Up and Go test (TUG); while the level of dependency was evaluated with the Barthel index. The data obtained were tabulated and statistically analyzed for the verification of the hypothesis through the statistical program SPSS V22 from IBM, finding significant differences before and after the intervention in the Tinetti scale (0.001) and in the Barthel index (0.046). ; while in the TUG test there were no significant differences. Being able to conclude that coordination and balance exercises are effective in preventing the risk of falls in this group of older adultsItem Influencia del cuidado familiar en la capacidad funcional de adultos mayores de la parroquia Picaihua.(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Toro Portero, Sofía Elizabeth, Md.; Mayorga Ortiz, William Rubén Dr. EspAt present, a significant increase in the population of the elderly is estimated and according to the United Nations it is estimated that by 2025 worldwide it is in an accelerated process of aging that can reach 11 billion older adults, and at the level In Latin America, this value will quadruple, creating the appropriate importance at the level of primary health care because new challenges will be raised that help maintain functional capacity, this is measured by quality of life because aging is considered as a natural that occurs in life in an accelerated way (1). To analyze this problem it is necessary to mention that there are figures that illustrate the demographic behavior of population aging. According to the United Nations, the calculation is obtained that in 1950 there were around 200 million people 60 years of age or older worldwide. In 1975, this number had increased to 350 million people. It has been shown that, in those over 65 years of age, in 85% of these cases the family is caring, mostly their daughters, three out of four are older 45 years, and the vast majority are unemployed for devoting their time to the care of dependent elderly adults¸ focusing their lives on care obligations, relating their care to a moral duty, on other occasions the relationship with care with sacrifice and renounce Perform other activities. Being the economic part an impediment to be able to hire a person who takes care of the care (2). xv Ecuador also experiences this phenomenon, which is undoubtedly reflected in the Picaihua Parish where this research is carried out, whose general objective is to establish the relationship between the determinants that influence family care to maintain the daily functional capacity of a group of older adults belonging to the Picaihua Parish where it is proposed to carry out an investigation with a qualitative approach related to its design with grounded, observational, descriptive, and crosssectional theory. For this research project, 30 older adults with their respective caregivers were selected through a convenience sampling, from whom information was obtained by applying the Katz scale aimed at the older adult and a semi-structured interview with caregivers after signing an informed consent. This information was transcribed and analyzed according to the Theory based on the ATLAS.ti software. The study is characterized by presenting a connotation based on observable behavior and behavior in which the data obtained helps to determine the state of health of the patient receiving geriatric care in relation to the degree of functional capacity of the geriatric population. located in the rural area of Picaihua parish in the canton Ambato.Item Influencia del cuidado familiar en la capacidad funcional de adultos mayores de la parroquia Picaihua(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Sofía Elizabeth, Toro Portero Md.; Mayorga Ortiz, William Rubén Dr. Esp.At present, a significant increase in the population of the elderly is estimated and according to the United Nations it is estimated that by 2025 worldwide it is in an accelerated process of aging that can reach 11 billion older adults, and at the level In Latin America, this value will quadruple, creating the appropriate importance at the level of primary health care because new challenges will be raised that help maintain functional capacity, this is measured by quality of life because aging is considered as a natural that occurs in life in an accelerated way (1). To analyze this problem it is necessary to mention that there are figures that illustrate the demographic behavior of population aging. According to the United Nations, the calculation is obtained that in 1950 there were around 200 million people 60 years of age or older worldwide. In 1975, this number had increased to 350 million people. It has been shown that, in those over 65 years of age, in 85% of these cases the family is caring, mostly their daughters, three out of four are older 45 years, and the vast majority are unemployed for devoting their time to the care of dependent elderly adults¸ focusing their lives on care obligations, relating their care to a moral duty, on other occasions the relationship with care with sacrifice and renounce Perform other activities. Being the economic part an impediment to be able to hire a person who takes care of the care (2). Ecuador also experiences this phenomenon, which is undoubtedly reflected in the Picaihua Parish where this research is carried out, whose general objective is to xv establish the relationship between the determinants that influence family care to maintain the daily functional capacity of a group of older adults belonging to the Picaihua Parish where it is proposed to carry out an investigation with a qualitative approach related to its design with grounded, observational, descriptive, and crosssectional theory. For this research project, 30 older adults with their respective caregivers were selected through a convenience sampling, from whom information was obtained by applying the Katz scale aimed at the older adult and a semi-structured interview with caregivers after signing an informed consent. This information was transcribed and analyzed according to the Theory based on the ATLAS.ti software. The study is characterized by presenting a connotation based on observable behavior and behavior in which the data obtained helps to determine the state of health of the patient receiving geriatric care in relation to the degree of functional capacity of the geriatric population. located in the rural area of Picaihua parish in the canton Ambato.Item Calidad de vida y depresión en los adultos mayores del sector rural, parroquia Juan Benigno Vela.(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Salvador Aguilar, Andrea Daniela Md.; Vela Chasiluisa, Mayra Alexandra Dra. Esp.In this context, the research seeks to demonstrate the relationship between depression and quality of life in the elderly in the rural parish of Juan Benigno Vela, depression is a mood disorder that interferes with the quality of life of 65-year-olds henceforth, depressive levels and dimensions of quality of life are investigated, and thus, assess at what level older adults are, from their own perspective (1). The elderly deserve a dignified life; however, this is not always the case, there are certain diseases such as depression that empower this group of people, affecting certain spheres such as social, physical and psychological (2). Therefore, the cause that affects the quality of life must be reversed, and thus restore health so that the person feels life positively (3). This research provides information on the relationship between depression and quality of life, which in the future will allow effective interventions that contribute to the health field.Item Determinantes socioculturales relacionados con el desarrollo de depresión en el adulto mayor con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y/o hipertensión arterial(Universdidad Técnica de Ambato/Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud/Centro de posgrados, 2021-04-01) Molina Vargas, Lucía del Rocío Md.; Cárdenas Naranjo, Vicente Hernán Dr. Esp.In Primary Health Care, the Family Physician is the fundamental pillar in the comprehensive care of the individual, family and community in all stages of life. Faced with the increase in older adults worldwide, the WHO affirms that this age group currently represents 11% of the world population and projects that by 2050 they will represent 22% of the total population in the world. Aging is proportional to the appearance of non-communicable chronic diseases in the elderly, generating a real public health problem. Therefore, it has been seen the need to carry out the present investigation in this age group, whose objective was to establish the relationship between sociocultural determinants and depression in the elderly with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension in the central and southern Zumbalica neighborhood in 2020. The research had a cross-sectional, analytical, observational quantitative approach. Universe of 103 older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or hypertension residing in the central and southern Zumbalica neighborhood. Sample represented by 100 older adults who met the inclusion criteria. A survey was applied which included questions on the sociocultural aspect, the Batalla, Morisky Green tests and the Yesavage geriatric depression scale. The results were that 81% of the older adults studied have depression; being is more frequent in older adults with DM and HTA together. The determinants that are strongly related to depression were sex, marital status, educational instruction, occupation, coexistence, adequate knowledge of the disease and adherence to treatment. In conclusion, sociocultural determinants have a positive relationship in the development of depression in the elderly with DM and / or HTA.