Unidad de Posgrado Civil y Mecánica

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Diseño de la estructura del autobus interprovincial modelo IM9 sobre chasis Mercedes Benz 0500 RS 1836 de Miral Autobuses en base a la seguridad al vuelco
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Mecánica Mención Diseño, 2020) Atacusí Hidalgo, Braulio Patricio; Arroba Arroba, Cesar Hernán
In our country, there are some problems in the coach sector related to the manufacture of buses, among which are high weight and low resistance to rollover, which has resulted in high mortality rates in traffic accidents. Taking as reference previous studies, based on research carried out worldwide, national and international regulations, the current structure of the bus for interprovincial service IM9 on Mercedes Benz O500 RS 1836 chassis of Miral Autobuses, was based on the theory and the finite element method with the analysis software Ansys, which was validated by a physical rollover test of the most critical section of the structure in accordance with the provisions of Regulation 66 of the United Nations, the structure was modified with the material that the company currently uses, identifying oversized segments, by varying the thickness, its weight was reduced without forgetting rollover resistance, reliable results were achieved to ensure the quality and safety of the products manufactured by Miral Autobuses. It was determined by an adequate design, at specific points of the bus structure reducing its weight always keeping in mind the most important aspect, the conservation of lives, which translates into the fact that the passenger survival zone is never invaded during a rollover accident. After having done the research, it is recommended to work on composite materials for the body components, which can reduce weight in order to be more competitive in comparison to other bus body builders that are selling its products in our country, in the future, we will sell our buses in international markets.
Diseño del proceso de manufactura del bastidor de un vehículo de competición GO KART aplicando técnicas de optimización
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Mecánica Mención Manufactura, 2021-01) Jácome Guevara, Fausto Andrés; Arroba Arroba, Cesar Hernán
The present work aims to carry out the manufacturing process of a Go Kart chassis. Firstly, the design of the chassis is carried out in accordance with the regulations imposed by the CIK-FIA. The selection of the material is made by means of a previous choice of the three materials generally used in Ecuador for the manufacture of chassis, like ASTM A36, ASTM A 500 grade A and ASTM A1011. The analysis performed in the Ansys software shows that the best behavior to the applied stresses is the ASTM A1011 steel, so it is selected for the manufacture of the same. For the manufacture of the chassis, an efficient manufacturing process is designed in which the manufacturing time, costs and efficiency are taken into account by selecting the most suitable manufacturing processes for the elaboration of the frame, obtaining a functional, esthetic and economic structure.
Optimización del perfil hidráulico de un rodete tipo Francis de la Central Hidroeléctrica San Francisco
(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Mecánica Mención Manufactura, 2021-01) Núñez Villacís, Guido Santiago; Arroba Arroba, Cesar Hernán
The research work is based on the bibliographic and field methodology, the research method used was experimental, to complete the optimization method, five experiments were carried out in which variations were made in its geometric dimensions, to execute a computational study Using computational fluid dynamics in the virtual laboratory of the CIRT turbine research and recovery center, the main study parameters were the thickness of the blade, as well as the fluid inlet and outlet angles in relation to the impeller, resulting in efficiency produced by the impeller in each of the experiments performed. With these experiments, it was possible to conclude that, by modifying to the opposite direction of the main inlet curvature of the blade, the efficiency value can be increased, reducing turbulence along the path of the fluid on the surface of the blade, which improves the hydrodynamic properties, thus lengthening the useful life of the turbine.