Unidad de Posgrado Civil y Mecánica
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Item Análisis de vulnerabilidad sísmica y reforzamiento estructural del edificio Colineal, ubicado en la parroquia Atocha-Ficoa, cantón Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2023-03) Romero Guamanquispe, Jorge Roberto; Núñez Aldas, Galo WilfridoIn this degree work, as an initial part, a seismic vulnerability analysis of the metal structure buildings in the Atocha-Ficoa parish is carried out through quick visual inspections using the forms established by the Ecuadorian Construction Standard NEC-2015, FUNVISIS as well as by the Federal Emergency Management Agency of the United States FEMA P-154, since through this study it was determined that the houses in this parish present a medium-high vulnerability, Thus, the most representative building was selected, the Colineal company building, which presents technical-constructive observations of structural order such as fissures, cracks, detachment of plaster on walls and floors, which has caused a premature deterioration of the infrastructure. For this reason, an analysis was carried out by means of mathematical models through the ETABS computer program, where a linear analysis was performed to verify structural parameters such as drifts, displacements, and vibration periods. Subsequently, a non-linear static analysis (Pushover) was performed to determine the capacity of the structure and its performance level in the presence of a seismic event, to finally determine, based on the performance obtained, a structural reinforcement system by means of concentric diagonals, which will provide greater stability, ductility and resistance to the building and through this constructive alternative improve its seismic performance level and adequately meet the technical criteria for life safety.Item Análisis del comportamiento estructural del centro integral y cultural de los gobiernos parroquiales rurales de Pastaza en estructura metálica con el uso de aisladores elastoméricos, en la ciudad del Puyo, cantón y provincia de Pastaza(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022) Velasteguí Lara, Janne Carolina; Cañizares Ortega, Freddy FernandoThe present research work performs an analysis of the structural behavior of a six-story building in metallic structure with the use of elastomeric seismic base isolators, which allows us to perform a comparative analysis of the structural behavior through the vibration periods that directly influence the floor drifts as displacements, of an isolated and non-isolated structure. It was performed prior to the analysis of several structural probabilities, seeking that the structure complies with the minimum seismic resistant requirements suggested by the Ecuadorian Construction Standard "NEC 15", as well as the Complementary Technical Standards for Earthquake Design, "NTC-DS-2017", the Chilean Standard "NCH-2745", the American Institute of Steel Constructions "AISC 341- 16" code and the American Society of Civil Engineers "ASCE 7-16, ASCE 41-13, which, by their design characteristics, provide seismic resistant safety. The mathematical model for the calculation was made based on the characteristics of the architectural and structural drawings, making a stabilized structure obtaining floor drifts and displacements in accordance with the requirements of the NEC-15 recommendations, consequently, the seismic isolation was made through the pre-dimensioning and design of the elastomeric base isolators with lead core type LRB. Subsequently, the scaled accelerograms were entered into the structural model of the software, in order to establish a nonlinear dynamic time-history analysis and to obtain a real analysis of the structure, a nonlinear static analysis was performed. With the data entered into the software, results were obtained for a building without isolation, including: vibration periods, displacements, floor drifts, basal shear, accelerations, overvoltage of the structure and energy balances; likewise, the basic seismic isolation was implemented in which the expected results were obtained, in order to perform a comparative analysis of a structure with and without isolation.Item Evaluación de edificios de mediana altura en estructura de acero con diagonales excéntricas, concéntricas(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022-09) Abril Gavilanes, Bernarda Estefanía; Guerra Avendaño, Oswaldo MarceloThe purpose of this research project is to use stiffening systems that allow for better structural performance in the presence of seismic events by comparing structural energy dissipation systems such as: buildings with concentric diagonals in the form of x and buildings with eccentric diagonals with a link length of 1 meter in medium-rise steel buildings considering the mechanical and physical properties of these elements as well as the implementation and construction advantages. In this project, two 20-story steel buildings were compared, which have seismic stiffening systems that were located symmetrically in the structure, for modeling the ETABS 2016 software was used, applying the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC-15). ), as well as the verification of compliance with the AISC 341-16 standard, from which an optimal seismic-resistant structural design was obtained that is within the permitted parameters. The use of concentric and eccentric diagonals allows to guarantee the stability in the structure, to obtain an appropriate structural behavior that allows to be able to minimize the horizontal movements caused by the earthquakes and the wind, it requires a greater rigidity and stability to the structure. The result was obtained by using concentric diagonals a vibration period of 2.037 seconds, the inelastic floor drift was 0.0129 mm, likewise the value of static and dynamic shear were 580.78 and 464.62 respectively, while when using eccentric diagonals the period of vibration was 1.921 seconds, with inelastic floor deviations of 0.0118 mm, complying with the requirements established by the NEC-15 norm, in the same way a static shear of 615.868 and a dynamic shear of 492.695. Additionally, a non-linear static analysis (Pushover) was carried out, where a load pattern was applied to all the nodes that join the main beams and columns, which is related to the modal shapes of the first two vibration modes of the steel structure. of medium height, where from the static capacity curve it was possible to observe that in the two models used concentric diagonals as well as eccentric diagonals the result is similar in terms of resistance drops, however compared to the concentric system, the system of Eccentric diagonals have higher ductility.Item Análisis estático no lineal (Push Over) de los talleres de la Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica y de la Facultad de Ingeniería en Sistemas Electrónica e Industrial, con aisladores sísmicos, ubicadas en el campus Huachi de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Ingeniería Civil con Mención en Estructuras Metálicas, 2022) López Sánchez, Byron Leonardo; Ureña Aguirre, Maritza ElizabethThis research work presents a comparative analysis of the structural behavior of a conventional structure and another with the implementation of seismic isolators, which are devices that allow the building to deform elastically and dissipate energy during the occurrence of earthquakes of considerable magnitude. The structures analyzed were the workshops of the faculties of: Civil and Mechanical Engineering and Systems, Electronics and Industrial Engineering and they are classified as special according to the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC 2015), and present a structural system of special earthquake resistant gantries made of hot rolled steel with stiffening diagonals, they are also used as laboratories for the production area and as a higher education center.xxiii As a first study, a linear analysis of the structures was performed to verify their current state by analyzing their vibration period, displacements and permissible drifts, then a non-linear static analysis was performed to determine their seismic performance, and then the isolation system was pre-dimensioned. It was designed taking as a priority the ASCE/SEI 7-10 standard, the dead loads of the building plus 30 percent of the live load above the isolation system and based on the information provided by the manufacturer. It should be taken into account that there are a large number of options of anti-seismic devices to improve the performance and behavior of a structure; in this case study, the lead core elastomeric isolator (LRB) was chosen. Subsequently, all the established limits such as drifts, shear and displacements were verified, taking into account the provisions of the Ecuadorian Construction Standard. For the workshop of the Faculty of Civil and Mechanical Engineering with isolated base, the floor drifts were reduced by 64 percent compared to the structure without isolation, for the basal shear and horizontal displacements a reduction of 73 and 51 percent respectively, likewise for the workshop of the Faculty of Systems, Electronics and Industrial Engineering the floor drifts, shear and displacement were reduced by 69, 74 and 63 percent respectively.Item El diseño de pavimentos flexibles, su comportamiento estructural, e incidencia en el deterioro temprano de la red vial en la provincia de Tungurahua(Universidad Técnica de Ambato. Facultad de Ingeniería Civil y Mecánica. Maestría en Vías Terrestres, 2016) López Valencia, Juan Santiago