FRECUENCIA FENOTÍPICA DEL SISTEMA ABO Y RHESUS EN LOS ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE LABORATORIO CLÍNICO

Abstract

The determination of the blood phenotypic frequency is conceptualized as a process in which, on the erythrocyte surface, antigens are detected, some being the exclusi v e property of the erythrocytes such as the D antigen and others such as the antigens of the ABO system, that in addition to being present in the red blood cells, establis h themselves in various organs, tissues and body fluids. The ABO system and the Rh factor have great clinical relevance in the transfusion field since they are used as markers to differentiate the different blood types, mainly group A, B, O and AB and Rh factor with its D antigen. The identification of the blood group allows us to know the incidence of erythrocyte antigens of the ABO and Rh system in a population and thus establish a reserve in blood banks that allows rapid action in emergency situati ons . The purpose of the research project is to know the prevalence of the blood hemoty p e of the student population of the Clinical Laboratory degree, as well as the frequen c y of both ethnicity, gender and the province where the blood types have been distribu t ed . With a total of 198 samples, it was possible to obtain results in which it was evident that 75% of the participants presented the O Rh+ phenotype, 17% the A Rh+ phenoty p e and 7% the B Rh+ phenotype and in a lesser proportion the O Rh- phenotype with only 1%. No patients with AB phenotype were found due to the difference in sample size. The results were verified by two routine direct plate and tube methods.