Sistema inalámbrico de energía por fotosíntesis con tecnología IoT, para el monitoreo de invernaderos

Abstract

The present project proposes to implement a wireless photosynthesis energy system with IoT technology, focused on the efficient monitoring of greenhouses. The system integrates renewable energy and wireless transmission through a rectenna, eliminating dependence on non-renewable sources. The biophotovoltaic system uses plants such as the Nephrolepis exaltata fern, generating energy from photosynthesis. With an effective leaf area of 0.5 m², the plants produce approximately 1,161 W per day, enough to power IoT sensors. The generated energy is transferred wirelessly with an efficiency of 85%, reaching a voltage of 7.99 V at the receiver. The IoT system includes temperature and humidity sensors, strategically distributed to collect real-time data and optimize greenhouse conditions. The data is stored in a cloud database, accessible through an interactive web interface. With 89% reliability, the system ensures continuous and sustainable monitoring, reducing operating costs and contributing to efficient environmental management. The results demonstrate that the technology is viable for low-energy agricultural applications, offering a scalable and adaptable model for different environments.